Line Follower Robot and Object Detector

PRESENTED BY

• ABHAS PRATIK SINGH (14300510005)• CHANDNI SINHA (14300510052)• RANJEET KUMAR RANA (14300510008)• PRASHANT KUMAR (14300510055)• PIYUSH JAISWAL (14300510057)

CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION• OVERVIEW• KIT ASSEMBLING• MOTHERBOARD• PROGRAMMING• TYPES• LINE FOLLOWERS ROBOT• OBSTACLE DETECTOR

INTRODUCTION A robot is a mechanical or virtual artificial agent, usually an

electro-mechanical machine which performs a variety of tasks that is guided by a computer program or electronic circuitry.

Types- Stationary robot, Mobile robot.

Constitution of robot- locomotive system, power supply, actuators, sensory devices for feedback, control system.

Applications- Manufacturing industry, medical science, robots in space, national defense, transportation, agriculture etc…

OVERVIEW

• KIT ASSEMBLING Kit is assembled through many mechanical parts and circuit board.

• MOTHER BOARD It contains various type of chips, power supply, connectors, ports and switches.

• Types There is various type of robot’s application. Here we discuss about

1. Line following robot 2. Obstacle detector robot

KIT ASSEMBLING

•Nut, Bolt, Screws & Spacers.

Mount the motors on chassis as shown below

Fix wheels to the shaft of the motors

Fix the lower plate to the chassis using tiny screws & the caster wheels using nut-bolts

Connect battery snapper & place the batteries at the upper side of the chassis

Mother board

Fix motherboard on upper plate by using nut-bolt & the spacers

Take out motor wires from motor side & battery wire from other side and fix upper plate on chassis with tiny screws

Basic Robotic Assembly is Ready…

MOTHER BOARD

CONTENTS OF MOTHERBOARD

• MICROCONTROLER• 1117 VOLTAGE REGULATOR• MAX232 • L293DNE MOTOR DRIVER • 16 X 2/16 X 1 LCD INTERFACE • SWITCHES • POWER SUPPLY • LED’s • BUJJER• PORT

Microcontroller• It is a micro computer chip which stores and execute programs.

1117 VOLTAGE REGULATOR • It is a three terminal 5V voltage regulator IC used to provide a constant

voltage supply.

MAX232 • This IC acts as a voltage conversion.

L293DNE MOTOR DRIVER • This is basically a motor driver IC which is used for driving the DC

motors by using separate power supply.

LCD INTERFACE • The LCD interface is used for displaying in 4 bit mode any

message, status or for debugging purpose and also as a general purpose input output port

SWITCHES • Four tact switches along with a Reset switch are present on the

board in order to provide an external input to the board. POWER SUPPLY • A battery or an AC adaptor is used for providing power supply

to the mother board which regulated power supply to all its peripherals.

LED’s • RED-Active High• ORANGE- Logic Power ON indicator• GREEN - Driver Power ON indicator

PROGRAMMING Program is written in C language.

Code is written to give instructions to computer to perform a particular task in a particular condition.

Code is compiled to generate machine file.

Computer only understand this machine file which is in the language of 0 & 1.

Now this file is been feed in the memory of the microcontroller.

TYPES OF ROBOTICS

• LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT

• OBSTECLE DETECTOR

LINE FOLLOWER ROBOT

MOTOR Two motors have been used to rotate the two wheels clockwise or

anticlockwise. This provides motion to the robot.

Motors are arranged in a fashion called H-Bridge.

H-Bridge-It is an electronic circuit which enables a voltage to be

applied across a load in either direction.

To power the motor, two switches are turned on that are diagonally

opposed in the H-Bridge.

The combination of switches that are on, decide the motion of robot whether it will go forward, backward or take turn.

WORKING MODEL The working model of a line follower consists of two motors, one

ATmega8 circuit board, two wheels, two IR sensors, LEDs, wires and power supply.

IR sensors provide the input, motors give the output and the wheels make the robot to follow a line.

Follower robot is a mobile machine that can follow a path. The path can be a visible black line on a white surface.

The IR sensors receive an analog signal that depends on

the intensity of light reflected by the black line of emitted beam by the LEDs.

The microcontroller gives instructions to motor to perform work.

APPLICATION

• there are cases where smarter versions of line followers are used to deliver mail within an office building and deliver medications in a hospital.the technology has been suggested for running buses and other mass transit systems, and may end up as part of autonomous cars navigating the freeway.just some thoughts.

OBSTACKLE DETECTOR ROBOT

CONCLUSION

• The robotics field is quite promising but to make a really intelligent robot take supreme effort. The ultimate goal of robotics is super human system that embodies all the skill(such as intelligence, touch and sensitivity) of human without of any their limitation(such as strength, ageing).

REFERENCES

www.goodreads.com www.wikipedia.org www.i3indya.com

THANK YOU