Role of MEMs (&NEMs) in

probable Singularity

-PRASAD N R

(1MS12EC087)

Introduction

• Carbon vs Silicon

• Evolution by natural selection Evolution by intelligent direction

• A method of expectation (if it is not a feasible implementation)

• Law of accelerating returns

Introduction (contd…)

Introduction (contd…)

Current (general) fabrication methods

• Deposition processes1. Physical vapour deposition2. Chemical vapour deposition

• Lithography (patterning)1. Electron beam2. Ion Beam3. Ion Track4. X-Ray

• Diamond patterning

• Etching1. Wet2. Isotropic3. Anisotropic4. Hydroflouric, Electrochemical (PN resistance), Dry, Vapour, Xenondiflouride, Plasma etc

• Micro-machining1. Bulk (Anodic bonding of glass or additional Silicon)2. Surface (Electrode ‘combing’)3. High-aspect ratio (deep-reactive ion etching)

Latest fabrication methods

• Synchronised Image Scanning (equivalent of ‘Mask Dragging’)[LASER micromachining]

Latest fabrication methods

• Bow Tie Scanning[LASER micromachining 200W 10KHz]

Latest fabrication methods

• Bow Tie Scanning[LASER micromachining 200W 10KHz]

Rudimentary Implementations

Rotor Shutter

Rudimentary Implementations (contd…)

‘Neural Probes’(Allows basic patterns and colors only)

‘Millipede’

Rudimentary Implementations (contd…)

Self healing plastics Micro-batteries

BioMEMS

Bio-computer

Drug-releasing reservoir

Health care (the current sick-care) [BioMEMS]:

PCR in ‘reverse engineering’

Health care (the current sick-care) [BioMEMS]:

Gene-analyser

‘Teleportation’ of non-living objects- ‘3D’ printing:

(Additive)

Process

Example

‘Teleportation’ of non-living objects- 3D printing:

(Additive)

‘Teleportation’ of non-living objects- 3D printing:

(Laser based)

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (contd…)

Artificial Intelligence (contd…) [computer on a chip]:

Intel Synapse Chip

‘Infinite computing’ and nanomaterials:

IoT (Sensors and Networks):

Nuclear Technology:(Currently restricted to beta-voltaics)

Robotics:

Hybrid Insect MEMS

Space-age (Escaping earth’s orbit)

(An era when people are hardly getting into space)

Questions?

Thank you!

References:

• http://videos.singularityu.org/2014/11/applications-of-micro-electro-mechanical-systems-mems/

• http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/devices/whatever-happened-to-the-molecular-computer

• http://singularityhub.com/2015/06/18/watch-this-open-source-ai-learn-to-dominate-super-mario-world-in-just-24-hours/

• “Singularity is Near” by Ray Kurzweil (http://www.singularity.com/)

• http://singularityhub.com/2013/07/19/robot-fighter-jet-x-47b-autonomously-lands-on-aircraft-carrier/

• http://microchipsbiotech.com/technology.php

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BltRufe5kkI(https://www.ted.com/talks/peter_diamandis_abundance_is_our_future)

• “Abundance: The Future is Better Than You Think” by Peter H Diamandis and Steven Kotler(http://www.abundancethebook.com/)

• “Bold: How to Go Big, Create Wealth and Impact the World” by Peter H Diamandis and Steven Kotler(http://www.boldbook.com/)

References (contd…):

• https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=0ahUKEwifudPMwMzKAhUOBo4KHVKVBloQFggxMAY&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oerlikon.com%2FecomaXL%2Fget_blob.php%3Fname%3DNew_Techniques_for_Laser_Micromachining_MEMS_Devices.pdf%26download%3D1&usg=AFQjCNHfstqPSeeolF7QxV9BFASmHwQ1gQ&bvm=bv.112766941,d.c2E&cad=rja

• http://www.ece.umd.edu/class/enee719f/papers/Grayson-Implantable%20Review.pdf

• http://diyhpl.us/~nmz787/pdf/A_review_on_3D_micro-additive_manufacturing_technologies.pdf

• http://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0208138.pdf

• https://sem.org/PDF/s01p01.pdf

• https://www.engineering.unsw.edu.au/news/quantum-computing-first-two-qubit-logic-gate-in-silicon?utm_campaign=Abundance+Insider+10%2F8&utm_source=abundance+insider&utm_medium=abundance+insider&utm_content=Computing%2FChips&utm_term=Computing%2FChips

References (contd…):

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-MEMS

• http://venturebeat.com/2014/08/26/intel-reveals-worlds-smallest-wireless-modem-for-the-internet-of-things/

• http://www.airspacemag.com/space/the-one-pound-problem-718812/?no-ist

• https://www.ted.com/talks/peter_diamandis_on_our_next_giant_leap/transcript?language=en

• http://n4bb.com/artificial-brain-educate-created-russian-scientists/?utm_source=Abundance%20Insider&utm_medium=email&utm_term=AI&utm_content=AI&utm_campaign=8%2F27

• http://www.humanlongevity.com/

References (contd…):

• http://singularityu.org/

• http://www.calicolabs.com/

• https://mfoundation.org/

• http://sens.org/

• http://cui.unige.ch/~dimarzo/papers/JAMT.pdf

• http://www.organovo.com/science-technology/bioprinting-process/

• http://www.organovo.com/science-technology/bioprinted-human-tissue/bioprinting-advantages/

• http://abundanceinsider.respond.ontraport.net/

References (contd…):

• http://www.dwavesys.com/tutorials/background-reading-series/introduction-d-wave-quantum-hardware

• http://www.livescience.com/10604-tiny-nuclear-batteries-power-micro-devices.html

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betavoltaic_device