ROLE OF THE EDITOR

Sarita Chander

The role of the editor… The Editor works closely with the director and they ensure that the story given to

them is decent and flows well with a beginning, middle and end. They chose the shots carefully and edit them into a series of scenes which then turn into a assembled piece and becomes a finished. The editor works very closely with the directors and select scenes and edit them together to create a good flow of story. Editors also generally work in a supervisory roles such as in music, sound and track laying.

Overall editors work with the directors to craft the finished film in a editing suite for a long hours and they run a team of assistants occasionally for big productions as there is a lot of work to be done due to the fact that the role is busy and very important.

Editing techniques and storytelling…

Parallel Editing:Parallel editing basically means cross cutting and the technique is of alternating two or more scenes that often happen simultaneously but in different locations. If the scenes are simultaneous, they occasionally culminate in a single place.

Sequence shot:A long take that extends for an entire scene or sequence. It is composed of only one shot with no editing.

Shot reverse shot cuttingUsually used for conversation scenes, this technique alternates between over-the-shoulder shots showing each character speaking.

Montage:Scenes whose emotional impact and visual design are achieved through the editing together of many brief shots. The shower scene from Psycho is an example of montage editing.

Continuity editing:Editing that creates action that flows smoothly across shots and scenes without jarring visual inconsistencies. Establishes a sense of story for the viewer.

Editors firstly prepare all the shots by analyzing which ones they need and want, they then cut on the action or cut across on the frame movement.they cut on empty frames to let the subject come in, they also cut to the secondary action by tilting to the main subject or cutting the empathic part of the dialogue.

Storytelling Techniques Narration – This is a traditional style of storytelling using a narrator who is off-camera and

never seen. This generic “voice” is an objective storyteller.an example of narration occurs in the movie called Touching the Void and its shown in the start when he's explaining how he feels. Host – This is a style of storytelling where you learn the story through a guide or a host.

You see this person on camera and they take you through the story in their own words. The host could be you, it could be a celebrity or a professional host or just a person who has some connection to the story.

an example of a movie which used this is the film called Maniac and this is a great example people of we as an since feel like a host. No Narration – is in documentaries where there is no narration. The story is pieced

together using only clips of interviews, raw footage, on-screen text and graphics.an example where no narration Is used is in some BBC documentaries like Panorama where they show in interview clips of the happening events. Recreations/Drama – This storytelling technique is often used in historical documentaries

where important events have already taken place and there is no existing footage.an example of this is period dramas and films such as The Reign. Follow One Character – This is a style of storytelling where you choose one person to

follow for your story.an example of this is from the movie Wrecked as its main focus is one person and we see their story. Mainly before sound came in silent movies used to cut the subtitles. The

first motion picture synchronized dialogue sequence and the film was based on day of atonement which was a play written by Sam Raphnelson.

The impacts of Soundlocation mixing is the editing of all sound.ADR is automatic dialogue replacement or looping. ADR is recording of replacement dialogue in sync with the picture.Dialogue editing: the dialogue editor will take the cut and break out all individual mic tracks. they'll also make sure all the directors cues are removed and they will then often odd room tone and ambience to smooth out the recording. Sound effects editing, sound design : sounds which are identifiable with the character for example if a villain is walking in you may hear sounds of creaks, screams and squeaking. Foley: is the live sounds effects recording.Music: in a film scenario, a composer will create the music for the filmlaugh tracks: usually is par of a sitcom TV production and not a feature film. when laugh tracks are added the laughs are usually placed by sound effects

The important people in the development of editing…

One person who is important in the industry is a man called DW Griffith as he introduced techniques such as parallel editing which is a technique cutting occurs between two or more related actions that occur the same at different locations.

Griffith influenced other famous directors such as Kuleshov and ended up coining what came to be known as classic Hollywood editing.

KulshovIn Russia, Kulshov is the first editor in the 1920s. he saw editing as the essence of cinema and could be duplicated by no other medium.he said that putting a film together was like making a building brick by brick and he claimed to have established the montage which would become popular as far away as Hollywood. he went on to start the worlds first school called Moscow school of film.

Lumiere brothers

The Lumiere brothers who are named Auguste and Louis were sons of the well known Lyons based portrait painter Antoine Lumiere.

they were both technical minded and really excelled in the subject science so they then got sent to science school. Louis developed a dry plate process in 19881 at the age of 17, it became known as the Etiquette Bleue after taking ideas from Edison's kinetescope in 1985 the two made there own device that releases on the 13th Feb 1895, the Cinematographe.

Sergei EinsteinSergei was another soviet film maker who was a former student of Kulshov, however they had a disagreement on the ideas of montage. he went on to direct Battleship Piptemkin which was a dramatic version of the mutiny abroad the Piptemkin in the 1905 under the Tsar regime, it was considered one of the greatest films in the history thanks to the montage editing that was done. it then went on to inspire an entire style of editing.