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THE SPIRIT OF THE AGE

GERMAN IDEALISM/ESOTERIC DOCTRINES

FRENCH REVOLUTION

RELIGIOUS REDEMPTION POLITICAL REDEMPTION

LITERATURE- way of reaching redemption

POET- the new prophet , a chosen son, a Bard

* Purifying the soul * Fighting societys problems

* Reaching the Absolute,God, Divinity, The Idea

* Reaching a just socialstructure

* Coming back to a unity

which was lost by the

separation of matter

* Coming back to a unity

which was lost by the

separation of property

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Caspar David Friedrich, Wanderer above the Sea of Fog

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LITERARY CHARACTERISTICS

Hatred of present/reality look at PAST, FUTURE and DEATH

Hatred of Reason for the sake of feelings, intuition-

DARKNESS

A new spiritualized, and visionary way of seeing;an apocalypse ofimagination which could liberate the individual from time, from what

Shelley called the curse which binds us to be subjected to the accident of

surrounding impressions.

Romantic pair- provoke feelings

- Platos ideas

- first step to re-union of humanity

Nature as a place to look for pure feelings and real

social relations

Revelation of the SELF

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POETRY PROSE

Precursor: William Blake

*William Wordsworth

*Samuel Taylor Coleridge

*Lord Byron

*Percy Shelley*John Keats

*Sir Walter Scott

*Jane Austen

*Mary Shelley

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Four Mighty Ones are in every Man; a Perfect Unity

Cannot Exist, but from the Unviersal Brotherhood of Eden,

The Universal Man. To Whom be Glory Evermore, Amen...

Los was the fourth immortal starry one, & in the Earth

Of a bright Universe Empery attended day & nightDays & nights of revolving joy, Urthona was his name

In Eden; in the Auricular Nerves of Human life

Which is the Earth of Eden, he his Emanations propagated...

Daughter of Beulah, sing

His fall into Division & his Ressurrection to Unity.

(William Blake, The Four Zoas, 1797)

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The Lamb

Little Lamb, who made thee?

Dost thou know who made thee?

Gave thee life & bid thee feed,

By the stream & oer the mead;

Gave thee clothing of delight,

Softest clothing wooly bright;

Gave thee such a tender voice,

Making all the vales rejoice!

Little Lamb who made thee?

Dost thou know who made thee?

Little Lamb Ill tell thee,

Little Lamb Ill tell thee!

He is called by thy name,

For he calls himself a Lamb;

He is meek & he is mild,He became a little child;

I a child & thou a lamb,

We are called by his name.

Little Lamb God bless thee.

Little Lamb God bless thee. (William Blake, from Songs of Innocence and of Experience, 178

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WILLIAM WORDSWORTH (1770-1850)

She dewelt among the untrodden ways!

She dwelt among the untrodden ways

Beside the springs of Dove,

A Maid whom there were none to praise

And very few to love:

A violet by a mossy stoneHalf hidden from the eye!

-Fair as a star, when only one

Is shinning in the sky.

She lived unknown , and few could knowWhen Lucy ceased to be;

But she is in her grave, and, oh,

The difference to me!

(William Wordsworth, 1799)

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SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE (1772-1834)

And now this spell was snapt: once more

I viewed the ocean green,And looked far forth, yet little saw

Of what had else been seen-

Like one, that on a lonesome road

Doth walk in fear and dread,And having once turned round walks on,

And turns nomore his head;

Because he knows, a frightful fiend

Doth close behind him tread.

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GEORGE GORDON, LORD BYRON ( 1788-1824)

They say that Hope is happiness Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas. VIRGIL

They say that Hope is happiness;

But genuine Love must prize the past,

And Memory wakes the thoughts that bless:

They rose the first--they set the last;

And all that Memory loves the mostWas once our only Hope to be,

And all that Hope adored and lost

Hath melted into Memory.

Alas it is delusion all:

The future cheats us from afar,

Nor can we be what we recall,

Nor dare we think on what we are.(George Gordon, Lord Byron, 1814-published 1829)

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GEORGE GORDON, LORD BYRON ( 1788-1824)

"Ah! Sure some stronger impulse vibrates here,

Which whispers friendship will be doubly dear

To one, who thus for kindred hearts must roam,

And seek abroad, the love denied athome.

Childish Recollections (1806)

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/John_Keats_by_William_Hilton.jpg

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JOHN KEATS (1795- 1821)

My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains

My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk,

Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains

One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk:

'Tis not through envy of thy happy lot,

But being too happy in thine happiness, -

That thou, light-winged Dryad of the trees,

In some melodious plot

Of beechen green and shadows numberless,

Singest of summer in full-throated ease.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/John_Keats_by_William_Hilton.jpg