_ __

_ _ _

_ _

The routeAppendix II

_to the Córdoba 2016 cultural programme

The routeAppendix II

to the Córdoba 2016 cultural programme

5

ITHACA

When you start on your journey to Ithaca, then pray that the road is long, full of adventure, full of knowledge. Do not fear the Lestrygonians and the Cyclopes and the angry Poseidon. You will never meet such as these on your path, if your thoughts remain lofty, if a fine emotion touches your body and your spirit. You will never meet the Lestrygonians, the Cyclopes and the fierce Poseidon, if you do not carry them within your soul, if your soul does not raise them up before you. Then pray that the road is long. That the summer mornings are many, that you will enter ports seen for the first time with such pleasure, with such joy! Stop at Phoenician markets, and purchase fine merchandise, mother-of-pearl and corals, amber and ebony, and pleasurable perfumes of all kinds, buy as many pleasurable perfumes as you can; visit hosts of Egyptian cities, to learn and learn from those who have knowledge. Always keep Ithaca fixed in your mind. To arrive there is your ultimate goal. But do not hurry the voyage at all. It is better to let it last for long years; and even to anchor at the isle when you are old, rich with all that you have gained on the way, not expecting that Ithaca will offer you riches. Ithaca has given you the beautiful voyage. Without her you would never have taken the road. But she has nothing more to give you. And if you find her poor, Ithaca has not defrauded you. With the great wisdom you have gained, with so much experience,you must surely have understood by then what Ithacas mean.

C.P. Cavafy - Trans. Rae Dalven

6 7

It has been said more than once that Córdoba is the ‘mother and daughter’ of cultures. This appa-rently simple, yet eminently tru-thful, saying captures a good deal of the city’s symbolic meaning. It ‘feminises’ its essence, while making a connection with ‘cultu-re’, ‘wisdom’, ‘coexistence’ and ‘tolerance’, concepts that give it much in common with the buil-ding of Europe. At the same time, it credits the city with continuity over time: Córdoba as a mother of daughters who in turn will become mothers themselves, passing down their wisdom in an unbroken chain.

This is what the city has done for more than two thousand years; now, at the dawn of the third mi-llennium, Córdoba keeps its flame alive and continues to serve as an inspiration for an era which seeks understanding between civilisa-tions and fellowship among men, enabling us to move forward into the twenty-first century with a deeper knowledge and respect for diversity. One need only recall Barack Obama’s reference to Córdoba as an example of pea-ceful coexistence in his momen-tous address to the Islamic world, delivered at Cairo University, to realise that Córdoba’s very name is charged with symbolism. The ‘Cór-doba paradigm’, a concept coined by the Iranian philosopher Ramin Jahanbegloo, also serves to show that the experience of al-Ándalus acquired in this city is vital for the world today: vital for the way it represents advanced civilisation in

the arts, in science and in huma-nism; vital as a repository of the classical Greek legacy, as a driving force in extending this knowledge towards the West; and vital for the tolerance and religious pluralism that characterised the culture of al-Ándalus.Now, at this point in our history, the experience and meaning of Córdoba are not only indispen-sable; they also have a unique opportunity to shine.

1 Background, 1992 p. 8

2 Stages of Preparation p. 10

2.1 A plan, a target p. 12

2.2 Other groups become involved p. 13

2.3 Starting up p. 14

2.4 Cruising speed p. 15

3 Creating the project: analysis, studies, programmes. 2004-2010 p. 16

3.1 Educational Programmes p. 18

3.2 White Paper, 2007 p. 19

3.3 Córdoba, Europe. p. 20

3.4 Dissemination p. 24

3.5 Public Opinion p. 28

4 In Madrid p. 30

5 Research trips and presentationof the Córdoba bid, 2004-2010 p. 32

6 Enjoying the journey p. 38

7 The Voyage p. 40

8 9

When, in 2002, Córdoba announ-ced its intention of submitting a bid for the 2016 European Capital of Culture, it was reviving a long-standing, cherished aspiration conceived in the late 1980s, when it first bid to become the 1992 European Capital of Culture, a title finally claimed by Madrid. The pe-riod between 1983 and 1987 saw the initial political and social steps taken in this direction. The various stages that then followed were di-rected towards a new definition of cultural tourism for the city and the definitive acknowledgement of the value of its historic and artistic he-ritage. It amounted to abandoning a certain sense of complacency, founded on an undeniable legacy, and opening out – this time whole-heartedly – to Europe and the world, with the development of various programmes that culmina-ted in being recognised as a World Heritage City by UNESCO.

It was then that Córdoba made ad-justments, ensuring that its ‘clock of history’ once again showed the correct time.The city then embarked upon a new and fruitful process of insti-

tutional and public coordination, which if anything has become wider and deeper right up to the present day. At the very begin-ning, a Special Commission for Capital Status was set up (in which all the city’s institutions and social forces took part, from the muni-cipal authorities to the university, the trades unions’ and employers’ associations, the Royal Academy and the neighbourhood associa-tions). The Commisison issued a manifesto that brought together – and has continued to bring toge-ther – thousands of supporters of all types (associations, businesses, voluntary organisations and so on) as well as ideas, proposals, deba-tes and projects.

Córdoba – its people, its represen-tatives, its institutions – is ready to embark on the journey, aware that its hold is well-stocked with provisions, but also that it has left enough space to take on board fe-

llow-travellers and their experiences. The sails are unfur-led and starting to fill with the winds of knowledge.

This is the story of an exciting voyage of discovery, setting off on a well-marked route.

At thAt point, A new And fruitful process of joint work by institutions And citizens begAn; since then, it hAs constAntly developed And grown.

In the mid-1980s, the city already glimpsed the possibility of becoming European Capital of Culture in 1992, a designation finally won by Madrid. Córdoba’s social and political commitment in that respect has not ceased to grow since then....pray

that the road IS long,... 1 Background, 1992

10 11...ThaT ThE SuMMER MoRnIngS are many...

All self-respecting adventures involve an element of groundwork: sketching out strategy, planning the route, gathering supplies and anticipating the stages the journey will pass through on its way to its destination. Córdoba’s ECoC bid came into the world in the same way, like a dream that requi-red planning. And as with all of humanity’s great enterprises, this dream was based on an idea: that the city should once again reach out to Europe and the world, in the third millennium, just as it did in times gone by, as a historical benchmark and as a model for the future that now beckons.This idea, shared by the people and institutions of the city, became a fixed and clear part of the city’s political, social and cultural horizon as it embarked upon the twenty-first century.

Henceforth, the path was to be tra-velled step by step, gathering en route commitment and consensus for a collective and participatory citizens’ project that would com-bine enthusiasm, rigour, emotion and shared effort.From Córdoba’s Second Strategic Plan to the well-oiled machinery of the Córdoba Cultural City Foun-dation, Córdoba’s 2016 bid has already provided the city with a series of invaluable benefits.

Over time, the bid has gradually taken shape and grown. The Second Strategic Plan for Córdoba sets out the broad guidelines to be followed, while consensus among citizens at all levels is gradually starting to bear real fruit.

2 StageS of PreParation

12 13

Memorandum of agreementReference: Plenary /Session: OrdinaryDate: 05/07/2001 Don Antonio Bejarano Leira, Ge-neral Secretary of Córdoba city Council certifies:That the Plenary Council in ordinary session, held on the fifth day of July two thousand and one, adopted among other agreements the fo-llowing:N.º 193/01.- Joint proposals .- 5. group of the three parties repre-sented on the council, IU-LV-CA, PSOE and PP, regarding European Cultural Capital Status for the city of Córdoba in 2016.-Considering the Proposal in question,

whose literal wording is as follows:“ Córdoba, ancient city and World Heritage City since 1994, which throughout its history has been a symbol of coexistence, tolerance and cultural diversity, wishes to contribute to Europe its universal meaning, its historical and monumental heritage and its permanent support for coexis-tence, tolerance and respect among cultures, beliefs and ideas.- (...) The aim of the “European Capital of Cul-ture” joint initiative is to emphasise the richness, diversity and common characteristics of the various Euro-pean cultures, as well as contribute to a better understanding between citizens of the Union. The chosen

city has to organise a programme of cultural events that throw into relief the culture and heritage of the city itself and likewise the place it occu-pies in the shared cultural heritage. When elaborating its programme, the chosen city must take into account the following criteria for planning and evaluation:- The promotion of shared cultural

currents in whose formation the city has played an important role.-

- The implementation of artistic creations and performances (music, dance, sculpture, cinema etc.) and improvement in the promotion and management of cultural activities.-

- The dissemination of the merits of

the people and events that have marked the city’s history and culture among the citizens of the Union.-

- The implementation of specific activities to encourage artistic inno-vation and generate new forms of cultural action and dialogue.-

- The implementation of initiatives in matters related to access and raising awareness of mobile and fixed heritage and the cultural creations specific to the city.-

- The implementation of specific cultural projects encouraging young people to access culture.-

- The implementation of specific cul-tural projects designed to reinforce social cohesion.-

2.1 a Plan, a TaRgET

ThE COUNCIL GIVES ITS VErDICT

In keepIng wIth thIs aspIratIon, Córdoba CIty CounCIl, meetIng on 5 July 2001, approved a JoInt proposal from the three polItICal partIes, Iu-lv-Ca, psoe and pp, regardIng Córdoba CandIdature as 2016 european CapItal of Culture, whICh agreed to the CreatIon of a speCIal Com-mIssIon for the study and development of proposals aImed at the desIgnatIon of Córdoba as 2016 european CapItal of Culture.

The Second Strategic Plan, Córdoba in the Third Millennium, conceived as an integrated plan for the city’s economic, social and cultural progress, was completed in 2001 after a productive process of civic consensus and participation, identifying ten lines of strategic action and a total of 29 concrete initiatives to be implemented in the period 2002-2010.

2.2 oThER gRouPS BECoME InVolVEd

On 24th June 2003, the Council set up a Commission to Pursue 2016 Cultural Capital Status, to implement the project which, in turn, was to be developed on the following three pillars: infrastructure, organisation and endorsements.

A wide spectrum of local society was reflected in the Commission, with representatives of the political par-ties in the Council, the central government through its sub-delegation in Córdoba, the Andalusian Regional Council Departments of Culture, Tourism and Public Works, Córdoba Provincial Council, the University of Córdoba, the Royal Academy of Córdoba, the Al-Zahara Federation of Neighbourhood Associations, the Córdoba Business Confederation and the trades unions UGT and CCOO.

One of the lines of action in the Córdoba, heritage, cultural and tourist city strategy was Planning the strategy for the 2016 Cultural Capital, which came about as the result of input from the citizens’ groups involved in drawing up the Plan. It was based on the following principles:· Culture as an engine and catalyst for the city of Córdoba and its development.

· Culture as an element of creation and consolidation of the city’s collective identity.

· Culture as a factor contributing to quality of life.

· Heritage as a resource for the city’s identity and wealth.

· Tourism as a driver of sustainable growth, and a means of fostering local heritage and identity.

Within the framework of a partici-patory process aimed at regenera-ting the city, Córdoba formulated its bid to become 2016 European Capital of Culture, a project that the Second Strategic Plan views from two perspectives:The attainment of cultural capital status as a target in its own right; and turning this objective into a catalyst to produce and unleash a profound process of socio-cultural development in the city, one that will generate new tourist attrac-

tions and employment, instilling in local people a sense of self-belief and confidence in their own pros-pects and efforts. In this respect, the Córdoba 2016 project is seen as a means of developing and unifying strategies and projects designed to give concrete form to a deep commitment to the city, and to affirm its nature as a cultural city and its vocation as a city of encounters and coexistence. In this sense, the means are as important for the city as the end itself.

- The dissemination of the programmed events especially through multime-dia and audiovisual outlets, as well as through a multilingual approach.-

- The contribution to the development of economic activity, above all relating to tourism and the creation of employment.-

- The necessity for developing innovative and high-quality cultural tourism, taking into consideration the importance in this context of permanent management of cultural heritage and the desirability of reconciling the aspirations of visitors and local people.-

- The organisation of projects designed to develop links between architectural heritage and the strategies of new plan-ning developments.-

- The implementation of joint initiati-ves aimed at encouraging dialogue between European cultures and the cultures of other parts of the world.-

In view of the aims and criteria mentio-ned, it is clear that Córdoba can muster some powerful arguments in favour of its

bid to be European Capital of Culture. On the basis of its history, its tradition as a multicultural city, its universal vocation and its desire for modernity, Córdoba can confidently and reliably play its part as European Capital of Culture.-Moreover we must envisage the project we are initiating as an impulse that will serve as an engine to unleash and unify shared forces and strategies to improve the cultural position of Córdoba in the European and global context, and implement a profound improvement in the cultural and urban infrastructure and personnel of the city, in such a way that the means used to secure the end are as important as the end in itself.-We hope that this initiative comes into being with the highest level of support and endorsement, and to that end it is necessary to put on record that it has been developed with the cooperation of CECO (Córdoba Business Confederation), an organisation that has displayed a spe-cial interest in the project.-

Therefore it is proposed that the Coun-cil Plenary Session adopt the following AGrEEMENTS:1: To create a Special Commission to study and develop the proposals with the objective of securing 2016 Euro-pean Capital of Culture status for the city of Córdoba.-2: This Commission shall be regulated as follows:2.1 Functions and activities of the Com-mission:To draw up a document containing the infrastructure and capacities the city already possesses, relating as much to its history and tradition as to its present-day reality.-To list the projects currently in develop-ment that will become reality in the near future.-To define in general outlines the funda-mental activities to be organised in 2016, which may be based on Córdoba’s role as a city of encounter between the different cultures and peoples of the world, with

special emphasis on European, Arabic and Hispanic cultures.-To nominate the projects to be develo-ped in the preceding years, projects that should entail major infrastructure com-mitments and the conditions required to guarantee the resounding success of this initiative.-To enlist the support and endorsement of important institutions and individuals, both within and beyond the city.-To enlist the support and collaboration of other cities, especially those that are members of networks of which Córdoba is also a member.2.2 Composition of the Commission.The Commission shall be chaired by the Worshipful Lady Mayor or representative delegated by her and shall comprise:A representative of each of the political parties.-A representative of the University of Córdoba.-A representative of the Provincial Council.-A representative of the Sub-delegation of

14 15

It was also in 2003 that Córdoba Council set up the Municipal Office for 2016 Cultural Capital Status, attached to the Mayor’s Office.

2.3 STaRTIng uP

This organisation started to arran-ge, among other things, internatio-nal advisory seminars and confe-rences to disseminate the project, devoting special attention to children and young people, and to take charge of the coordination of the endorsement programme.

It also assumed responsibility for the White Paper on Cultural Ca-pital Status, as well as arranging various studies and analyses of the process, its international dimen-sion and its acceptance by local society, establishing permanent contacts with the other adminis-trative bodies and institutions in the city. Meanwhile, beyond the internal tasks of managing the project’s mechanisms, the Office started to

gather proposals and design cultu-ral activities that already included ‘Córdoba 2016’ in their branding; among these, Cosmopoética, Poets of the World in Córdoba, which became one of the bid’s flagship projects.

2.4 CRuISIng SPEEd

The Córdoba Cultural City Foundation (CCCF) was created on 7 June 2006, using a formula which guaranteed that all the institutions would join forces behind the common goal of becoming 2016 European Capital of Culture. Its founding members were Córdoba City Council, Córdoba Provincial Council, the University of Córdo-ba and the Andalusian Regional Council. Its funda-mental goal was to develop, initiate and disseminate local creativity and all types of cultural activity in the city and its surrounding area. It was also to be the organisation responsible for coordinating the drafting of the dossier for the Córdoba bid.

As time went by, and the Foundation started to sub-mit initiatives and proposals, a host of organisations and companies came forward to join in as partners in the project. These included Fundación Bodegas Campos, Real Círculo de la Amistad de Córdoba, Diario Córdoba, El Día de Córdoba, Abc-Córdoba, Montealto, Comercial Piedra Trujillo and Formación e Innovación Rural Consultoría.

the Government in Córdoba.-A representative of CECO.-A representative of CCOO (trade union).-A representative of UGT (trade union).-A representative of the AL-ZAHARA Fe-deration of Neighbourhood Associations.-A representative of the Andalusia Regio-nal Council Department of Culture.-A representative of the Andalusia Regio-nal Council Department of Tourism.-A representative of the Andalusia Regio-nal Council Department of Public Works.A representative of the Royal Academy of Córdoba.

2.3 The Commission will be able to enlist as much technical support as it requires, as well as the collaboration of experts, entities or groups that facilitate the work with which it has been charged”.-

The Plenary Session of the Corporation, unanimously gives its approval to the same, adopting the agreements contai-ned herein.-

And for the record, that it may be enfor-ceable, the present certificate is issued with the approval of the Worshipful Lady Mayor.

Signed in Córdoba, this fourteenth day of April, two thousand and four.

Approved

The Mayor

The third millennium holds many uncertainties for Mankind, but it also holds many opportunities.Before we have even managed to address the challenges of the past, we are faced with new problems and concerns linked to the complex and controversial phenomenon of globali-sation. Yet never before have men and women contemplated a broader hori-zon than at the start of the twenty-first century; never before have we had so many resources and opportunities to build our future and to fulfil the promi-se of happiness vouchsafed by poets.Culture and the City are two decisive factors in attaining this goal. Shorn of

its exclusive and reductionist trappings, the idea of culture has expanded to cover something more than literary, ar-tistic or intellectual output; something more than systems of values and belie-fs; something more than lifestyles.Today, when we talk about culture we are referring to a vast and varied field of endeavour, in which new information and communication technologies play a vital role.Reflecting the constant tension between tradition and innovation, between the individual and the social, the local and the global, culture to-day is a creative arena for a vast and varied range of attitudes, values, and

ALL rALLy rOUND

on 13th deCember 2002, the mayor’s offICe presented the Córdoba manI-festo, ratIfIed by all the CIty’s InstItutIonal and soCIal representatIves, and expressIng a determIned resolve to work towards the goal of ma-kIng the CIty the european CapItal of Culture. ThE CórDOBA MANIFESTO:

patterns of behaviour. Yet at the same time culture is an essential aspect of environmentally-friendly, sustainable development, of job creation, of gen-der equality and of social cohesion.The city, as a complex network of relationships and values, is a point at which past and future, tradition and change, memory and desire, all converge; a meeting place and living space in which identity and diversity have to be mutually recognised, as required by the democratic principles of citizenship. The city has always encouraged integration whilst res-pecting difference; it has fostered development and progress without renouncing its roots. Culture and the City, therefore, are the two notions that inevitably underpin any discus-sion in which the preservation of our historical heritage is closely linked to its growth and development. Culture serves to guarantee democratic plura-lism; it is a strategic goal in the city’s

development and a key component in building a Europe for citizens.At the threshold of a new century, Córdoba faces a unique and ines-capable challenge. The city that was once a Roman colony and later became the capital of the Ummayad Caliphate, the city where three cultu-res lived together, the city that gave its own legacy to Renaissance and Baroque Europe, the city declared a World Heritage site in recognition of its history, cannot hide from the challenges of the modern world, nor refuse to face up to the future. Aware of this need to reach out to the future, local institutions – backed by the City Council – have agreed to embark upon an ambitious plan aimed at standing Córdoba in good stead to be named European Capital of Cultu-re in 2016.We have nine years in which to prepare and launch our bid, and we are delighted to have the unanimous

support of all Córdoba’s local groups and associations, as well as backing from other cities and leading perso-nalities.The success of our bid will depend on devoting all our energy and creative skills to making this initiative a project for the future, a distinctive feature of Córdoba in the third millennium.This project will reflect and renew Córdoba’s unique contribution to the common history of Europe – peaceful coexistence and dialogue between cultures – and in doing so will help to enhance Andalusia’s role as a major forum for cultural encounters between Europe and the rest of the world.A project for the future, like this one, cannot be implemented without the involvement and commitment of all the people of Córdoba. We were all proud to hear Córdoba being declared a World Heritage site on 15 December 1994. That declara-tion confirmed the unquestionable

value of our city’s history and its long memory. Now, eight years later, we have a great opportunity to broaden those horizons, to commit ourselves firmly to the future, to start to fulfil Córdoba’s wish to be European Capi-tal of Culture in 2016.

Córdoba, 13 December 2002

16 17

...buy aS Many PlEaSuRaBlE PERfuMES aS you Can; ...

Throughout this period, the Córdoba 2016 project has generated numerous initiatives to disseminate, analyse, reflect upon and provide information about the European Capital of Culture bid, its value, its meaning for the people of Córdoba and its international dimension.

This was seen as the moment to get the children and young people of today involved, given that they will be major protagonists in 2016; also to invite the opinions of international experts in the management of projects such as this, to reflect on the role of cities in the new construction of Europe and from time to time to take stock of how the bid is beco-ming more and more visible amongst the people of the city.

3 creating the Project: analySiS, StudieS, ProgrammeS. 2004-2010

18 19

ÍNDICE

INTRODUCCIÓN 7

07 Sentido y valor de la propuesta para Córdoba.

07 Antecedentes.

08 El proyecto 2016 como elemento estratégico, de referencia y eje de programación.

08 El consenso entre las partes: La elaboración del Libro Blanco.

EL MARCO EUROPEO: PRECEDENTES Y CONTEXTO VIGENTE 9

9 La Manifestación Capital Europea de la Cultura.

10 Marco legal.

10 Procedimiento para la designación.

CLAVES PARA UN PROYECTO 14

14 Elementos estratégicos.

15 Diagnóstico del presente.

OBJETIVOS 18

18 Precedentes europeos.

18 Elementos básicos.

21 Unas posibles propuestas.

25 Objetivos generales.

26 Objetivos específicos.

METODOLOGÍA 27

27 Instrumentos operativos.

28 Criterios metodológicos.

29 Programación.

30 Líneas de actuación.

31 Mecanismos de seguimiento y evaluación.

CONCLUSIÓN 33

CORPUS DOCUMENTAL 35

REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 80

ÍNDICE

INTRODUCCIÓN 7

07 Sentido y valor de la propuesta para Córdoba.

07 Antecedentes.

08 El proyecto 2016 como elemento estratégico, de referencia y eje de programación.

08 El consenso entre las partes: La elaboración del Libro Blanco.

EL MARCO EUROPEO: PRECEDENTES Y CONTEXTO VIGENTE 9

9 La Manifestación Capital Europea de la Cultura.

10 Marco legal.

10 Procedimiento para la designación.

CLAVES PARA UN PROYECTO 14

14 Elementos estratégicos.

15 Diagnóstico del presente.

OBJETIVOS 18

18 Precedentes europeos.

18 Elementos básicos.

21 Unas posibles propuestas.

25 Objetivos generales.

26 Objetivos específicos.

METODOLOGÍA 27

27 Instrumentos operativos.

28 Criterios metodológicos.

29 Programación.

30 Líneas de actuación.

31 Mecanismos de seguimiento y evaluación.

CONCLUSIÓN 33

CORPUS DOCUMENTAL 35

REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 80

3.1 EduCaTIonal PRogRaMMES

Through the Córdoba Educating City Programme, the bid was in-cluded among the extracurricular activities of primary and secondary schools, and in the play activities run by Municipal Social Services in Summer Schools. Córdoba’s bid to become European Capital of Culture has thus become familiar to children and young people.

Over this five-year period, more than 6,000 children and young people have discovered and taken part in the development of the bid through printed and audiovisual materials that have helped make it more meaningful, something that will have an even deeper signifi-cance when they return as part of the audience. Alongside these efforts, Córdoba 2016 has created specific teaching material relating to the bid, also using audiovisual materials: a teaching guide for tea-chers and three different guides for pupils, adapting the message for each age group.

The teaching guides contain, toge-ther with the information needed to introduce pupils to the context of the European Capital of Culture concept, a wide range of activities based on sociocultural themes relating to the European Union and the city of Córdoba itself. This raises participants’ awareness of the city and its goal, whilst simulta-neously disseminating European values.In 2009, all the educational mate-rial was overhauled and brought up to date in the light of the accu-mulated experience of preceding years.

From 2005 onwards, the Córdoba 2016 bid became an additional component in the educational and social programmes offered by the Council.

3.2 WhITE PaPER, 2007

Published in 2007, the 2016 Córdoba White Paper on Capital of Culture Status adopted a threefold discourse. First, it focussed on the need for an “integrating” project, one that would embrace diversity and dialogue among a whole range of sociocultural trends. Second, it sought a “defining” approach, setting out to define specific characteristics within the context of plurality, in which culture was seen as something that enriches the whole. Third, and most important, it addressed the need for an “operational” project, i.e. a project versatile enough to be translated into viable programmes and projects, characterised by the essential concepts already outlined.

The White Paper thus became the strategic basis for the project. The text outlined a hierarchy governed by prevailing legislation at European, national and regional levels, but at the same time sought to reflect the real cultural situation, and the scope for genera-ting a positive transformation.The White Paper, which may be thought of as a kind of ‘road map’, put forward a programme comprising four phases of development:2007-2011, from approval of the strategies contained in the White Paper to the preparation of the dossier to be submitted for designation: this phase seeks to define the programme, to create the required budge-tary, organisational and human-resources machinery, and to consolidate structures requierd to channel participation.2012-2015, from designation to celebration: four years to complete the preparations and put into practice all the plans needed to guarantee that in 2016 the city will be a true cultural capital. Time to complete the in-frastructure envisaged, secure the definitive financing and finalise the programmes.2016, the year itself: most effort will be devoted to everything that has been planned, its organisation

and implementation, taking care not to forget the basic elements needed to consolidate what has been done and the planning of the next phase.Post-2016, sustainability and utilisation: rather than make 2016 a finishing line, even if this helps put Cór-doba on the map in terms of international culture, the aim is for Córdoba to occupy a place in a spotlight that does not cease to shine. This is the time for a final evaluation, and for consolidating the achievements and the progress made in all aspects of the progra-mme: infrastructure, cultural habits, encouragement of creativity and innovation, integration and social development, consolidation of high-quality tourism, opening up the city, and so on.

20 21

3.3 CoRdoBa, EuRoPE...

european ConferenCe on CItIes and Culture: the invention of cities. 2005 and 2008

internAtionAl Advisory seminArs for the córdobA 2016 project (Córdoba, luxembourg, lIverpool, Córdoba) 2007, 2008 and 2009

Córdoba seeks a place in the European vanguard when it comes to reflecting on the relationships that new societies establish between cities and culture. To this end, the European Conference on Cities and Culture: The Invention of Cities has now been held twice.

The Cultural Capital Office sponsored four international advisory seminars for the project entitled ‘Córdoba 2016. European Capital of Culture’, organised by the Interarts Foundation, one of the most important centres specialising in cultural studies in Spain and Europe.

The first, held in June 2005, revolved around three central themes: The creation of cities, and cities in fiction; Economic and cultural development models; and Proposals for a new city.This first conference was attended by recognised Eu-ropean experts such as Robert Palmer and Salvador Giner; they were joined by academics and philoso-phers including Francisco Jarauta (University of Mur-cia), Félix Duque (Autonomous University of Madrid) and José Luis Molinuelo (University of Salamanca), Rocío de la Villa (Autonomous University of Madrid), José Lebrero (Andalusian Centre of Contemporary Art), Alberto Villar (University of Córdoba) Juan Bosco Díaz-Urmeneta (University of Seville), Sara González (University of Newcastle), Carlos Román del Río (Uni-versity of Seville), Luis González Seara (Complutense University of Madrid) and Santiago Eraso (Director of Arteleku).There was also a separate programme of talks open to the public, including a talk by the writers Enrique Vila-Matas (Cities: fiction and reality), and Ian Michael (The invention of the city in detective fiction).The conference concluded with a debate involving representatives from various European capitals, including John Kennedy (Director of Cork 2005), Pa-trick Moenaert (Mayor of Brussels), Anna Castellano (Genoa Council) and Carlos Baztán Lacasa (Madrid Council) together with representatives of Córdoba City Council.

An outstanding group of European experts attended the seminars, most of them linked to cities that have experienced success as Eu-ropean Capitals of Culture such as Lille, Luxembourg and Helsinki.These were working sessions to evaluate, from an international perspective, the work undertaken for the Córdoba 2016 European Capital of Culture project, analyse the literature produced up to that point and come up with guidan-ce and proposals for future tasks.

The design of the seminars also allowed doubts to be overcome and information to be obtained at first hand based on similar expe-riences gained in various European capitals. The Córdoba delegation, which hosted two of the seminars, also travelled to Luxembourg and Liverpool to learn from experts of the calibre of Guy Dockendorf of the Luxembourg Ministry of Culture, Beatriz García, Director of Impacts 08-The Liverpool Model,

Laurent Dréano of Lille Council, Colin Mercer of Cultural Capital Ltd., Antonio Taormina of the Fon-dazione Ater Formazione, Bolog-na, and Pekka Timonen of Helsinki Council.

The second international conference, in February 2008, was held under the dictum coined by Ro-bert Ezra Park, one of the founders of the Chicago School’s urban sociology, when he claimed that ‘the city is the natural habitat of civilised man’. In order to reflect on the present and future of this ‘stage for human relations’, its homogenisation, its plurality and its diversity, the conference again fo-cussed on three major themes: first, there were talks devoted to architecture and planning in the global city; second, there was a debate on antagonism and conflict, on diversity and belonging. Finally, round tables were devoted to reflecting on the democratic management of the city. Honouring Córdoba with their presence were such prestigious figures as David Harvey (City University of New York), Beatriz García (Director of Impacts 08 - The Liverpool Model), Zaida Muxí (architect), Fuen-santa Nieto and Enrique Sobejano (architects), Salman Sayyid (University of Leeds), Franco Bianchini (Mon-tfort University, Leicester), Sara González (University of Leeds), Armando Silva (University of California) and Manuel Delgado (University of Barcelona).

22 23

publICatIon of the book Córdoba, Europa. La dimEnsión EuropEa dE Córdoba. (CóRDoBA, EuRoPE. CóRDoBA’S EuRoPEAn DImEnSIon) 2009

pArticipAtion in europeAn projects 1994-2010

This book, published in 2009, examines key elements of Europe, its dimension, its presence and its historical continuity, and goes on to review the cultural influence exerted by Córdoba and its people from a European perspective, from the impact of Seneca to contemporary artists, writers and scientists, taking into account the cosmopolitan tastes and the love of travel characteristic of local people.

Over the last twenty years, Córdoba has taken part in numerous European projects through a range of programmes, including programmes focussing on education, urban regeneration and research and Development initiatives.

The book, written by an interdisci-plinary group at the University of Córdoba led by Professor Pedro Ruiz, shows how Córdoba, as a physical and spiritual meeting point, has played an important role in developing a dialogue-ba-sed solution to some of the most pressing conflicts in the difficult relationship between civilisations existing today.

From 1994 to the present day (including project sub-missions and applications for the current period 2007-2013), Córdoba has participated in more than 245 European projects belonging to such programmes as Culture 2000, the Media Programme; Euromed Heri-tage, Active European Citizenship; the European Year of Languages; the European Voluntary Service, Youth Exchange; Comenius; Leonardo da Vinci; Erasmus, Minerva; Life; URb-Al; Med-Urbs; the European Su-pport Programme for the generation of Employment; Daphne; the European Network of Women’s Centres; as well as numerous projects falling within Commu-nity Initiatives and the European Regional Develop-ment Fund, the ESF, the Cohesion Fund and others. If anything characterises this list, which is by no means exhaustive, it is diversity. The European programmes in which Córdoba partici-pates tend, for the most part, to focus on Education and Training, Structural Policies, Community Initiati-ves and Research and Development. A great deal of work is also being done through the many networks and organisations of which the city is a member, as well as through the cultural activities outlined el-sewhere.There is intense activity in the field of education and training, especially with regard to the mobility of students and teachers as part of specific programmes

such as Comenius, Erasmus and Leonardo that invol-ve educational centres, universities and other training centres. The various faculties and centres comprising the University of Córdoba have signed numerous coo-peration agreements aimed both at fostering student mobility and at implementing projects of other kinds with other universities both in Europe and beyondThe two Urban programmes have had an enormous impact on the city. The first was implemented in the mid-1990, and became known as Urban Riverbank . It enabled the regeneration of a highly-deteriorated area of the Old Town by increasing community ser-vices, the repaving of streets, the design of squares as meeting places and the provision of economic incentives for the creation of service companies in the heritage area. Recently the ‘Urban South’ program-me has been agreed, with funding of €10 m., which aims to recover the left bank of the river using cultural activities as a tool of development and cohesion in neighbourhoods with employment, social and urban integration problems; this is a project that also forms part of the Córdoba 2016 strategy.Córdoba is also a member of 26 international networ-ks and programmes through which it is involved in numerous projects.

In such cases, the city has shown a remarkable talent for hosting political and diplomatic dialo-gue, but its true potential can be realised by turning an ideal into reality as a new tomorrow emerges from a problematic present. In the unfolding of history, Córdoba – with its legacy forged by the three great monotheistic religions, the continuity of the classical tradi-tion, and an enlightened rationality leading to a modern democratic landscape, has also endured the pain of exile and exclusion, and is thus an important repository in the European project of overcoming conflicts arising from history and the present.

La dimensión europea de Córdo-ba claims that Córdoba not only ‘explains’ Europe, but also that the city can become one of the driving forces in the construction of a new Europe, based on its attributes and its desire to provide a space for communication.

The Urban Ribera programme

24 25

3.4 dISSEMInaTIon

SErIES OF CONFErENCES on european CapItals of Culture. 2008 It was also felt that the people of Córdoba should learn at first hand about the experiences of other European cities with similar projects. To this end, Córdoba Council’s Cultural Capital Office, in collaboration with the Andalusian regional Council Provincial Culture Department, organised in autumn 2008 a series of six public conferences on European Capitals of Culture, with a view to obtaining useful insights for the Córdoba 2016 project.

From the outset it has been clear that a good idea loses its value unless it is communicated, unless it is demonstrated, disseminated and explained. Córdoba’s aspiration to become the European Capital of Culture in 2016 has therefore not been left to gather dust in an office or within the four walls of a debating chamber.

The Córdoba bid has been brought to public attention thanks to an endless series of assemblies, meetings with associations, the publication of informative bulle-tins and leaflets, the distribution of educational material, publicity campaigns, exhibitions – both out-door and indoor – conferences and a website.Assemblies and meetings have helped spread the word about the Córdoba 2016 bid to a large number of groups: from schools to university faculties, neighbourho-od associations, business groups, citizens’ groups, youth groups, journalists, cultural managers, creators, artists and so on.

This process brought together the experiences of cities that have already been Cultural Capital and those that are preparing their pro-ject for the near future, with the aim of acquiring standards of best practice and avoiding the errors encountered by others. To introduce the series, a round table discussion was held with the participation of three major con-tributors to the European cultural scene: the Interarts Foundation, of Barcelona, founded in 1995; the European Network of Local Cultu-re Administrations Les Rencontres, made up of representatives of the various national groups from the EU cultural and educational sec-tor (with a total of more than 160 members) and constituting a pla-tform for cooperation, debate and action in the field of cultural policy

for Europe’s cities, provinces and regions; and finally, a highly-regarded international expert on the subject of urban and cultural development, Colin Mercer, from Britain. People who had been in charge of previous Cultural Capitals also par-ticipated in the series, including Robert García, director of Luxem-bourg 2007 (Luxembourg being the only city that has been Cultural Capital twice), and Xosé Manuel Villanueva, director of Santiago de Compostela, Capital of Culture in 2000.With regard to cities preparing to be European Capital of Cultu-re in the future, the Essen-Ruhr 2010 project was presented by its Commissioner for International Relations, Hanns-Dietrich Schmidt, whose proposal is characterised

by its regional quality; and finally Yves Vasseur, Commissioner for Mons 2015, described the expe-riences of a city that, like Córdo-ba, has not yet been chosen but is working assiduously towards its goal and whose central theme is the relationship between heritage and new technologies.

26 27

cordobA2016.es volunteers The Córdoba bid has boasted its own website since 2004. In 2009, the site was completely revamped, redesigned and enlarged in terms of content, making it a comprehensive and powerful tool for global communication.

The Córdoba 2016 project, characterised by public participation and involvement, regards volunteers as a driving force of the bid in many ways: as information-providers, as ambassadors and finally as important players in a large-scale exercise that has the city itself as its backdrop. The website, which can be accessed in Spanish, En-

glish and Polish, offers information not only about the city, its cultural and natural heritage, the activities and progress of the bid, but also enables documents of interest to be downloaded and provides information about the European guidelines on cultural capitals. It receives messages of support, collects proposals, offers links to related sites and allows direct access to the candidature page on various social networks.

cordoba2016.es has had almost 200,000 visits since it was relaunched in 2009.

To this end, the Córdoba Cultu-ral City Foundation has created a volunteer network and programme with various levels of commitment, easily accessible via the website.It also collaborates with the Funde-cor foundation to encourage inter-national volunteering through the intercultural Crucible of the three cultures project, within the fra-mework of the European Voluntary Service (EVS) and the European Commission’s Youth in Action pro-

gramme. As part of this project, it has sponsored the reception of young people from abroad, and sent young people from Córdoba to other countries to encourage in-tercultural dialogue and relations.

28 29

2008 201048,1 %

26,8 %

11,3 %

47,9 %

16,4 %

16,6 %

8,3 % 8,2 %

2,6 %5,1 % 6,6 %

2,1 %

Very identified

Fairly identified

Somewhat identified

Not very identified

Not at all identified

Don’t know / No answer

2008 201052,1 %

40 %

7,6 %

0 %0,3 %

51,5 %

Very favourable Favourable Indifferent Unfavourable Very unfavourable

8,2 %

0,3 %0,7 %

39,3 %

3.5 PuBlIC oPInIon (SuRVEyS, oPInIon PollS)

The best-known of the activities so far sponsored by the bid are:84,5%: the Courtyards Festival77,9%: the White Night of Flamenco70,4%: the International Guitar Festival50,6%: the Cosmopoética poetry festival

Attendance or participation in at least one of the events sponsored by the bid has increased by 3.5% compared to 2008 and now stands at 70.2%.

97.2% of the respondents know that Cór-doba is bidding to be European Capital of Culture in 2016.

The desire to find out how ordinary people perceive the Córdoba 2016 project has always been a central part of the process.

Although local people are very familiar with the Cór-doba 2016 bid, and its logo is conspicuous throug-hout the city (from public transport to shop windows, from newspaper opinion columns to the façades of cultural buildings and administrative documents), it was deemed important to discover and evaluate as rigorously as possible exactly how it is perceived. The degree of recognition and approval on the part of the public has therefore been analysed at various stages. Some of the conclusions from the most recent poll (2010) and comparisons with the poll conducted in 2008, are provided below.

Approval for the activities, on the part of people participating and, attending has increased by two percentage points to 92.1%.

Compared to 2008, the number of respondents who report that they identify to a moderate or great extent with the Córdoba 2016 European Capital of Culture Project has increased by 10.6%.

respondents give the management of the bid by public organisations to date an average score of 6.77; this is 0.85 higher than the average score obtai-ned in 2008.

The average score for degree of confidence in Cór-doba being chosen as the 2016 European Capital of Culture is 7.31, almost half a point higher than the average score obtained in 2008.

30 31

More than 700 people accep-ted the invitation of the Córdoba Cultural City Foundation, which gave a detailed presentation of the Córdoba 2016 bid and also presented ‘Córdoba In 16 Mode, the Future has Roots’, a document reviewing many of the reasons Córdoba is worthy of such a dis-tinction; among them, its historical role in the construction of Europe, the roll-call of men and women from all cultural spheres born in Córdoba, the rich architectural and natural heritage, its network of ins-tallations and the various cultural events that take place throughout the year, from the Guitar Festival, Cosmopoética, Eutopía and Ani-macor, to important public exhibi-tions and artistic performances.

Included in the audience were artists such as Darya Von Berner, Darío Basso and Ginés Liéba-na, gallery owners such as Juana de Aizpuru and Pepe Cobo, the collector Pilar Citoler, musicians including Javier Bergia, José María

Cano and Ismael Serrano, desig-ners such as Chus Burés and Elio Benhayer, the director of the Reina Sofía National Art Museum Centre Berta Sureda, cultural attachés from various embassies in Madrid, as well as many other supporters.The Córdoba actors Fernando Te-jero and Macarena Gómez hosted the presentation in the Fernando de Rojas Theatre at the Círculo de Bellas Artes.They posed a series of rhetorical ‘key questions’ that served to illus-trate Córdoba’s influence in the formation of what we know today as Europe, form the presence of Seneca, Averroes o Maimónides in western cultural discourse to the scientific and artistic contributions

that have emerged from this part of the world over two centuries.They were also in charge of intro-ducing the four founding members of the Foundation: the Chance-llor of the University of Córdoba, the delegate of the Andalusian

Regional Council in Córdoba, the President of the Provincial Council and the Mayor of Córdoba and pre-sident of the Foun-

dation, Andrés Ocaña. They jointly embodied the united institutional support for the project and its civic and participatory character.

the gAlA wAs compèred by locAl Actors fernAndo tejero And mAcArenA gómez, who posed A set of “key questions” to illustrAte córdobA’s influence on the formAtion of europe.

On 11 May 2009, the Córdoba Cultural City Foundation and the Córdoba 2016 bid were formally presented to the Madrid public. The presentation took place at the Círculo de Bellas Artes with a broad representation of figures from the worlds of music, art, literature, business, politics and universities from all over Spain. The writer Antonio Gala supplied irony and erudition, the Flamenco singer El Pele poured out raw emotion, while the Córdoba School of Catering tempted the assembled palates in a finale enlivened by a session with Córdoba DJs.

4 in madrid

VISIT (...) CITIES, To lEaRn and lEaRn from those who have knowledge.

Antonio Gala, writer.

32 33

... that you will enter ports seen for thefirst time WITh SuCh PlEaSuRE, WITh SuCh joy;...

Italy, France, Poland, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Norway...

5 reSearch triPS and PreSentation of the córdoBa Bid, 2004-2010

34 35

2007: Luxembourg...

Representatives of the Córdoba 2016 Municipal Office and the Córdoba Strategic Plan met with tho-se in charge of the Luxembourg and Region 2007 European Capital of Culture. They had meetings with, among others, Christianne Sietzen and Robert García, coordinators of the project. They visited some of the city’s new cultural centres, such as the home of the Philharmonic and the Museum of Modern Art, as well as installations designed to commemorate the Year of Culture, accompanied by the head of Socio-cultural Affairs from Luxembourg Council, Steph Meyers.

2008: LIVerPooL, moNS,

STAVANger...

A delegation from the Córdoba Cultural City Foun-dation, led by Carlota Álvarez Basso, and represen-tatives of the Córdoba City Council Department of Culture visited Liverpool , 2008 European City of Culture. They inspected some of the installations specially-designed for the Year of Culture and held meetings with its director, Sir Bob Scott, and Neil Peterson, director of external and international rela-tions for the Liverpool Culture Company, the body entrusted with all organisational responsibilities; they also met Beatriz García, then head of Impacts 08, a project devoted to assessing what designation meant for Liverpool.

Representatives from the Cultural Capital Office travelled to Mons for a meeting organised by the Association of European Cities and Regions for Cul-ture, Les Rencontres, which focussed on the theme of ‘Roots and Culture’. The Córdoba delegation first met the team leading the Mons bid for European Capital of Culture in 2015, which will be the next occasion on which a Belgian city holds the title.The next meeting was with the project director for the Norwegian city of Stavanger – joint 2008 Euro-pean Capital of Culture with Liverpool - Rune Thele.Mons also provided an opportunity to meet the presi-dent of Les Rencontres, Roger Tropeano, with the aim of initiating Córdoba’s entry into the association, of which it is now a full member.

2004: geNoVA, PArIS, bArCeLoNA...

A Córdoba delegation, led by Manuel Pérez, the Director of the Córdoba Cultural Capital Office, learnt about the activities organised by Genova for its year as cultural capital. Various meetings were held with the managers of the cultural programme, and visits were made to some of the events and projects with Anna Castellano, head of Culture for the City Council, acting as guide.

In the year of the first Cosmopoética Poetry Festival, representatives of the Córdoba 2016 Municipal Office attended the well-established poetry event Le Mar-ché de la Poésie, held in Saint Sulpice square in Paris . The Córdoba 2016 project was promoted via some of the event’s publicity and information mate-rial. Thus began a partnership that lasted until 2008, generating a close relationship between the Paris and Córdoba events.

Representatives from the municipal Department of Culture presented the Córdoba 2016 project to the Culture Forum in Barcelona , where they introdu-ced the bid, outlining its participatory nature and its international scope. The delegation attended various workshops and round tables, and actively participa-ted in a meeting devoted to rural tourism.

2005: rHoDeS...

In Rhodes , the general assembly of the OWHC (Organisation of World Heritage Cities), of which Córdoba is a member, approved by popular acclaim a motion by Rosa Aguilar, Mayor of the city, voicing support for Córdoba’s bid to become 2016 European Capital of Culture.

2006: LISboN, PArIS...

Acting on one of the recommendations contained in the European guidelines, the Office organised the ex-change of young Córdoba artists (musicians, sculptors and writers) with their counterparts in Portugal and France. ‘There and back’ concerts, lectures and exhi-bitions were organised in Lisbon and Córdoba in the spring and autumn of 2006. The project, christened Migrations. Arts in Translation was repeated with a similar formula in 2008, this time between Paris and Cordoba.

36 37

In October, the head of the Córdoba Cultural City Foundation, Carlota Álvarez Basso, accompanied by the adviser on Polish affairs, Monica Poliwka, and the assistant to Córdoba Council’s General Directorate for Culture, Juan Carlos Limia, travelled to Poland to strengthen ties with some of the Polish cities bidding to become European Capital of Culture in 2016: Gdansk, Lodz, Toru and Warsaw .

A Córdoba delegation made up of the head of the Córdoba Cultural City Foundation, Carlota Álvarez Basso, the director of the Córdoba Archaeological Museum, María Dolores Baena, as a member of the Drafting Committee for the dossier, and the coordina-tor of the Culture Department of the Andalusian Re-gional Council in Córdoba, Alfonso Muñoz, travelled in November to Marseille , designated European Ca-pital of Culture in 2013, to gather first-hand informa-tion about its successful project and establish future partnerships and co-productions with its leaders. The Marseille 2013 project is sprinkled with references to Córdoba as an ancient city of culture and dialogue.

2010: brussels, madrId...

A Córdoba delegation led by the head of the Córdo-ba Cultural City Foundation, Carlota Álvarez Basso, took part in the commemoration of the 25th anniver-sary of the European Capitals of Culture. The Euro-pean Union celebrated the event in Brussels on 23 and 24 March with various conferences to meet and exchange experiences among the cities that have been, are, or will be European Capitals of Culture, as well as candidate cities. The conferences were honoured by the presence of the President of the Eu-ropean Commission, José Manuel Durao Barroso; the Culture Commissioner, Androulla Vassiliou; and the President of the European Parliament’s Education and Culture Commission, Doris Pack.

Córdoba attended the meeting of Les Rencontres (Association of European Cities and Regions for Culture), organised under the auspices of the Spa-nish Presidency of the European Union, entitled La Rencontre de Madrid , between 14 and 16 April 2010. The head of the Córdoba Cultural City Founda-tion, Carlota Álvarez Basso, took part in the meeting, which was also attended by various cities preparing their bids to become the European Capital of Culture 2016, from both Spain and Poland. Among other goals, the intention of La Rencontre de Madrid was to encourage the creation of networks among the par-ticipants, as well as situating local, national and Euro-pean cultural policies within the context of a broader international perspective.

2009: nuremberg, lIlle, warsaw...

The Mayor of Córdoba, Andrés Ocaña, led an insti-tutional, cultural and business delegation to visit the German city of Nuremberg to strengthen ties of friendship and continue the city twinning process be-gun a year earlier. The agreement was finally signed in Córdoba on 6 May 2010 by the mayor of the city and his Bavarian counterpart, Ulrich Maly, and was descri-bed as the twinning of Córdoba, the city of tolerance with Nuremberg, the city of human rights. Important cultural and educational projects are already emer-ging from this relationship.

In May, the head of the Córdoba Cultural City Foun-dation, Carlota Álvarez Basso, and Francisco Agui-lera Fuentes, head of Promotion for the Foundation, represented Córdoba 2016 at the conference organi-sed by the European Commission in Brussels for all the Spanish cities bidding to be the 2016 European Capital of Culture. Its principle goals were to make progress in efforts to raise awareness of the selection process, increase its visibility and encourage the ex-change of best practice.The experiences, challenges and difficulties encoun-tered by cities such as Liverpool (2008) and Marseille-Provence (2013) were discussed, as were issues of financing and budgetary preparation in the cases of Lille (2004), Stavanger (2008), Linz (2009), Turku (2011), Luxembourg (2007), Essen (2010) and Tallinn (2011).The Córdoba delegation also held a meeting with Elvira Saint-Gerons Herrera, the Andalusian Regional Government’s delegate in Brussels.From Brussels, the delegation travelled to Lille whe-re, in the company of Laurent Dréano, cultural repre-sentative for Lille Council, it visited exhibitions and installations for Lille 3000, a project demonstrating the success of the city – European Capital of Culture in 2004 – in attaining sustainability.

A Córdoba delegation led by the head of the Córdo-ba Cultural City Foundation, Carlota Álvarez Bas-so, took part in the European Culture Forum, held in Brussels . in the last week of September. The delegation also had a meeting with the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Education and Culture to exchange impressions regarding the bid. It also attended a series of conferences in the Culture Programme entitled Culture in Movement. The European Culture Forum, which brought together more than 600 participants from gass-roots oragni-sations in member states and European institutions, devoted two days to analysing progress in implemen-ting the European Agenda for Culture. The debates focussed on three key themes: cultural diversity and intercultural dialogue; culture as a catalyst for creativi-ty and innovation; and culture as an essential element in external relations.

38 39... BuT do noT huRRy ThE VoyagE aT all.IT IS BETTER To lET IT laST foR long yEaRS; and even to anchor at the isle when you are old rich with all that you have gained on the way,...

With citizen-participation and the European dimension as central strands, far-reaching initiatives have emerged to complete a rich offer, as is evident from the annual report Córdoba, En Clave 16 (Cór-doba in 16 Mode).Some programmes have used the spirit of the bid to assume a much broader dimension than before – for example the exhibitions of contemporary art in the province coming under the Periféricos (Peri-pheries) umbrella or the Córdoba Guitar Festival – while others were born and are successfully growing thanks to the bid, such as Cosmo-

poética, a first-class international poetry festival, winner of the 2009 National Prize for the Encourage-ment of Reading, the White Night of Flamenco, Eutopía, a European encounter for young artists, the urban installations of All the City a Stage and the dialogue between tradition and modernity represen-ted by The Sky Within My House: contemporary art in the courtyards of Córdoba. And all this, served with a large dose of playfulness, in acknowled-gement of the fact that Culture is to be enjoyed like a fiesta.

Córdoba’s cultural programming in the last few decades has been characterised by its stability and continuity; but it is impossible to avoid the conclusion that 2016 and the bid to become European Capital of Culture have turned the city into a type of ‘laboratory’ for experimenting and creating a wide range of new cultural projects.

6 enjoying the journey

40 41...WITh ThE gREaT WISdoM you haVE gaInEd, with so much experience, you must surely have understood by then what ithacas mean. 7 the voyage

The Endorsements Programme is one of the most conspicuous me-chanisms for showing support for the bid. Its main virtues lie in the fact that it is a voluntary act that is easy to perform, and it transcends the parochial. The Córdoba bid has received to date over 140,000 iden-tified and registered endorsements. Each of these is a new travelling companion, that has joined us for the duration of the journey.Each endorsement is akin to a ticket

entitling the holder to come on board and share the voyage. Outs-tanding figures from all spheres, all cultures and from all over the world have acquired them, freely and free of charge: great musicians, men and women of letters, novelists, artists, actors, directors, essayists, scientists, humanists, philosophers, poets and princes.Likewise, national and internatio-nal institutions from a wide range of sectors including universities, businesses, the sporting and social

spheres, professional and trades union organisations, and represen-tatives of Andalusian, Spanish and European local authorities who view Córdoba as an inspirational city.And, above all, we are accompanied by ordinary men and women, colle-agues in the project, who know and acknowledge that Córdoba is wor-thy of becoming a European Capital of Culture in the twenty-first century when, more than ever before, it is the people who build civilisation.

Internationally-renowned figures in the arts, literature and the sciences believe that Córdoba deserves to be designated European Capital of Culture in 2016. We have also received support from institutions of all kinds and from all over. Like them, thousands of anonymous women and men have lent their support to the project. They are the passengers who have opted to share our voyage.

42 43

In Córdoba, one breathes culture. Few cities have so much natural and architectural beauty as Córdoba. It strikes me as the ideal place to be European Capital of Culture.

Juan manuel de prada blanco, writer.

We, poets from various coun-tries of the world, who make words instruments of unders-tanding between peoples, assembled in Córdoba, World Heritage City, Córdoba that has made tolerance and the meeting of cultures hallmarks of its identity, example of peaceful coexistence bet-ween peoples of different religions, different sensibili-ties, Córdoba of poetry and peace,believe that Córdoba embo-dies the qualities needed for the title of European City of

Culture in 2016, in view of its gifts to universal culture, since the time it was called Colonia Patricia, Umayyad capital and city that has wisely known how to unite an historic past with its modern desire to incorporate new currents of thought, art, and science, and

manifest our support for Córdoba’s bid to becomeEuropean Capital of Culture 2016.

MANIFESTO OF ThE POETS OF ThE WOrLD IN CórDOBA

sInCe the fIrst year It was held In 2004, CosmopoétICa’s ClosIng Ceremony has InCluded the readIng of a manIfesto In whICh the partICIpatIng poets express theIr support for the Córdoba 2016 bId.thIs Is support of great value, gIven the prestIge of the sIgnatorIes: Important lIterary fIgures from all over the world wrItIng In a host of languages; It Is also Important quantItatIvely beCause, year after year, CosmopoétICa brIngs together In Córdoba hundreds of poets, story-tellers, musICIans and artIsts.

gioconda belli, poet.

michel houellebeck, writer.

seamus heaney, poet. winner of the 1995 nobel prize for literature.

Many passengers from the worlds of literature and art have joined us on our journey. Men and women who see Córdoba as a source of inspiration, as a place that lives and breathes art and poetry, where some of the most important human creations have emerged in terms of what we now understand by European and universal culture.Some of these people are recipients of the highest honours, such as the Nobel Prizes for Literature awarded to Seamus Heaney, Derek Walcott and Darío Fo, or the Prince of Asturias Prizes for Literature granted to Ángel González and Pablo García Baena, and the Cervantes Prizes awarded to Juan Gelman and Antonio Gamoneda.

Plus hundreds of Spanish artists and writers, including:

Antonio GalaJ.M. Caballero BonaldLeopoldo AlasAntonio Muñoz MolinaAlmudena GrandesAna DiosdadoLuis García MonteroEduardo MendicuttiFelipe Benítez ReyesFélix GrandeJosé L. SampedroLuis A. de VillenaJuan José MillásÁngeles CasoJuan Manuel de Prada BlancoManuel VicentFanny RubioVicente GallegoOlvido García ValdésBenjamín PradoTomás Segovia

Jaime SilesJulia UcedaAntonio ColinasMarcos AnaSebastián AlzamoraJoan MargaritLuis A. de CuencaCarlos Edmundo de OryAgustín Fernández MalloAntón ReixaAntonio Martínez SarriónMiquel BarcelóAgustín IbarrolaJuan CuencaJuan Serrano y Pepe Duarte (Equipo 57)Sofía GandariasLuis GordilloIzaskun ArrietaKepa Akizu...

Adam Zagajewski / PolandKo Un / KoreaLionel Ray / FranceMichel Houellebeck / FranceGiogonda Belli / nicaraguaClaribel Alegría / nicaraguaJean Portante / LuxembourgLasse Soderberg / SwedenVolker Braun / GermanyEduardo Galeano / uruguayIda Vitale / uruguayMahmud Darwish / PalestineAli Ahmad “Adonis” / SyriaMark Strand / uSARobert Hass / uSARafael Cadenas / VenezuelaÓscar Hahn / ChileEdoardo Sanguineti / Italiy

Nicole Brossard / CanadaFátima Naoot / EgyptArnaldo Calveyra / ArgentinaAna Istaru / Costa RicaHenrik Norbrandt / DenmarkNuno Judice / PortugalReina María Rodríguez / CubaNancy Morejón / CubaAlan Sillitoe / united KingdomÁlvaro Mutis / ColombiaFabio Morabito / mexicoPura López Colome / mexicoArundhathi Subramanian / IndiaAna Blandiana / RomaniaShlomo Avayou / IsraelMohamed Achaari / maroccoClaes Anderson / Finland

literAture, fine Arts...

Culture has to be conquered day by day. If any city deserves to be European Capital of Culture, it is Córdoba.

manuel vicent, writer.

Córdoba is the example of peaceful coexistence, of mixed cultures, of fantastic enrichment. It is a city that deserves to be European Capital of

Culture in all senses. angeles Caso, writer.

derek walcott, poet and playwright. winner of the 1992 nobel prize for literature.

dario fo, actor and playwright. winner of the 1997 nobel prize for literature.

miquel barceló, painter.

44 45

gemma nierga, journalist..

Rafael AzconaPilar BardemAna BelénHéctor AlterioJuan EchanoveMª Asunción BalaguerFrancisco ValladaresGabino DiegoNuria EspertAgustín AlmodóvarAmparo Rivelles

Juan Diego BotoRafael Álvarez “El Brujo”Enriqueta CarballeiraRamón FontsereFernando TejeroMercedes SampietroConcha VelascoNati MistralConcha CuetosJordi Revellón

Córdoba provides a space for communication, for the analysis of events, for open debate and the free exchange of opinions. Many men and women from the world of communication and journalism believe therefore that our city is an ideal place to report on the history of the future from the context of the present...

And more than 60 Córdoban journalists who signed a manifesto in favour of the candidacy!

Manuel Campo VidalJuan Luis CebriánRosa MonteroPilar CernudaJoaquín EstefaníaFernando González UrbanejaRosa VillacastínAna Rosa QuintanaGemma NiergaJuan CruzJuan Manuel MarquésRafael CremadesOscar López LópezJosé M. Calvo Roy

Miguel A. GozaloJesús RivasetCarmen GurruchagaRodolfo SerranoAntonio Fraguas “Forges”José Mª Monzón “Gran Wyo-ming”Ignacio RamonetCarlos Luis Álvarez “Candido”Román OrozcoJesús QuinteroAlfonso PalomaresBeatriz CortázarJosé A. Vera

communicAtion, journAlism...

Many representatives of the worlds of politics, business, thought and sport also consider Córdoba to be a privileged place for the development of strategies to rethink the world in these times, to design a better future. This explains why they back us...

Federico Mayor Zaragoza / Former Director General. unESCoRigoberta Menchu / nobel peace prize winnerErnesto Cardenal / Writer, Former minister of Culture, nicaraguaJ. R. Álvarez Renduelas / President, Principe de Asturias Foundation 1995-2008María Kodama / President, “Jorge Luis Borges” International FoundationShlomo Ben-Ami / Essayist, Writer, Former minister of Foreign Affairs, Israel, Vicepresident of the Toledo International Centre For Peace (C.I.T.)Samir Nair / Essayist, Writer, Professor of Political Sciences. university of Paris XIIIMiguel Ángel Moratinos / minister of Foreign Affairs, SpaiRem Koolhaas / Architect, Winner of The Pritzker Prize for ArchitectureTrinidad Jiménez / minister of Health and Social PolicyPentti Holappa / President, European Academy of PoetryVasili Vassilikos / Writer, Permanent Representative of Greece at unESCo

politics, business, sport...

Córdoba deserves it Just as the world’s most beautiful cities deserve it.

nuria espert, actress.

maría kodama, “Jorge luis borges” International foundation.

rigorberta menchu, nobel peace prize winner.

rem koolhaas, architect.

bob dylan, singer.

Outstanding figures from the worlds of music and dance have also signed up for the Córdoba 2016 adventure. Music and dance are universal languages that acknowledge neither boundaries nor frontiers, but are rather bridges over which they flow and extend, where they can make contact with kindred artistic expressions in order to enrich and enlarge. Lively passengers have come on board from Flamenco, from the populist expressions of rock and pop, but also from the more classical and more contemporary disciplines...

Juan Manuel SerratBob DylanZubin MethaLeo BrowerYosuf Islam (Cat Stevens)Tomas MarcoLorenzo PalomoSilvio RodríguezAinhoa ArtetaCarlos ÁlvarezJoaquín SabinaAlejandro SanzPablo IbáñezIsmael SerranoRosa LeónMaurizio BarbaciniJosé MeneseLuis Eduardo AuteJaume SisaJuan Manuel SotoFito CabralesAdolfo CedránJavier KraheAmancio PradaMiguel PovedaJulio Bocca

Víctor UllateAntonio CanalesSara BarasCristina HoyosElvira Andrés HuertasPaco De LuciaEnrique MorenteEstrella MorenteManolo SanlúcarVicente AmigoLenny KravitzAndreas KnoblichJosé Fernández “Tomatito”Mª Dolores PraderaMiguel RíosManuel BarruecoJavier RuibalCristina RosenvingeTito AlcedoPablo GuerreroQuintín CabreraEl BarrioMarina RosellNacho VegasManuel Moreno Maya “El Pele”Javier Bergia

film, performing Arts...

Figures from stage and screen recognise that Córdoba, its ambience, its urban and natural landscape comprise a spectacular backdrop and a fascinating collection of settings. They support the bid because of this, and because they know the people of the city are writing a script with vast backing, that twists and turns, and are enjoying the plot...

Gerardo VeraJosé Carlos PlazaGrigor MurrayArthur PennRichard KidwellMario GasSalvador TávoraLuis OlmosMiguel NarrosJordi MilánFernando TruebaJordi GrauManuel Gutiérrez Aragón

Vicente ArandaDavid TruebaIcíar BollaínJosé Luis CuerdaManuel Gómez PereiraImanol UribeGonzalo SuarezJosé Luis GarciGracia QuerejetaJosé Luis BorauPedro AlmodóvarPere PortabellaGerardo Olivares

music, dAnce...

Córdoba ought to have been made European Capital of Culture long ago.

Joaquín sabina, singer.

lenny kravitz, singer.

pedro almodovar, film director.

ainhoa arteta, opera singer.

46 47

ACSUR (Actividades y Cauces Del Sur)Andaluza de Publicidad y Mercados / SevilleAntea, Cultura y Patrimonio / SevilleAntelec, S.L.Asociación Andalucía-EuropaAsociación Andaluza de Ciencia RegionalAsociación Bética Nostra / SevilleAsociación Cultural Ateneo Andaluz / SevilleAsociación Cultural Eurofolk / GranadaAsociación de Amigos Del Legado Sefardí / SevilleAsociación de Amistad Hispano Israelí Sevilla SefardíAsociación de Editores de AndalucíaAsociación de Gestores Culturales de Andalucía (G.E.C.A.)Asociación de Profesores de Geografía e Historia, HespéridesAsociación Ib Firnás / SevilleCátedra de Flamencología de Jerez de da FronteraCentro Andaluz de Estudios y Gestiones / SevilleCentro de Estudios Históricos de Andalucía / SevilleCietesa, S.A.Club de Atletismo San Pablo / SevilleConfederación Andaluza de Peñas FlamencasConfederación de Asociaciones Vecinales de Andalucía (CAVA)Confederación Andaluza de Comercio (CECA)Coordinadora Andaluza de Teatro AficionadoEcuse, Gestión Cultural / JaénEuroconsa, S.L. / HuelvaFederación Andaluza de Asociaciones Provinciales de Guías TurísticosFederación Andaluza de Empresas Cooperativas de Trabajo Asociado (FAECTA)Federación de Asociaciones Cristianas de AndalucíaFederación de Migrantes de la Unión Europea en Andalucía “Forum”Fondo Andaluz de Municipios para la Solidaridad Internacional (FAMSI)Fundación Blas InfanteFundación para la Bienal Internacional de Arte Contemporáneo de SevillaGrupo de Cervezas AlhambraIntergroup Hoteles / SevilleMédicos Mundi AndalucíaMercajerezPlataforma Andaluza de VoluntariadoRevista Fila SieteSociedad Andaluza de Estudios Histórico-JurídicosUGT-AndalucíaUnión Andaluza de Cooperativas de ViviendasUnión Romaní de AndalucíaUniversidad de AlmeríaUniversidad de CádizUniversidad de CórdobaUniversidad de HuelvaUniversidad de JaénUniversidad Internacional de Andalucía Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia / CordobaUniversidad Pablo Olavide de Sevilla

There are many associations, organisations, businesses and clubs from Andalusia that have voiced their support for the Córdoba bid. They belong to a wide variety of sectors: from the labour movement to business, from sporting to cultural organisations, via groups dedicated to aiding development, to education, thought... They joined at the outset, knowing that the Córdoba 2016 bid is that of the South, the one that represents the secular yearning of this area to be a bridge between continents and civilisations.

AndAlusiAn bodies

Likewise, national associations and groups of all types, business and professional federations, cultural institutions...All share our journey and join the project.

spAnish bodies

Academia Olímpica EspañolaAISGE (Sociedad de Gestión de Artistas e Intérpretes)Asociación “Amigos de Miguel Hernández” / madridFundación Miguel Hernández / orihuelaAsociación Cultural “Casa De Andalucía” / madridAsociación de Informadores Gráficos de Prensa y TVAyuda en AcciónCEPYME (Confederación Española Pequeña y Mediana Empresa)Confederación Española de Asociaciones de Jóvenes EmpresariosConfederación Española de Asociaciones Profesionales de Guías Turísticos Confederación Española de Organizaciones Empresariales (CEOE)Consejo Superior de Colegios de Arquitectos de España Federación de Asociación de Vecinos de MadridFederación de Casas Regionales de la Comunidad de MadridFederación de Asociaciones de Agencias de Viajes de EspañaFederación Nacional de Escuelas de Turismo (ANESTUR)Federación Nacional de Trabajadores AutónomosFundación Príncipe de Asturias Orquesta Sinfónica del Principado de AsturiasRed de Juderías de España “Camino De Sefarad”Revista Al-Ándalus / madridRevista Álbum de las Letras y las ArtesRevista Arte FotográficoSGAE (Sociedad General De Autores) Sociedad Mercados Centrales de Madrid (Mercamadrid)Unión de Profesionales y Artistas Por los Niños del Mundo

Similarly international foundations and associations, recognising the role Córdoba in the culture of Europe and the world...

internAtionAl bodies

Asociación Bordeaux 2013 / FranceAsociación de Artes Plásticas Marroquí / Alhucemas, maroccoAsociación Hair / RomaniaAsociación Panibérica de Academias OlímpicasAsociación para la difusión de la cultura española (D.I.C.E.) / Paris, FranceCentro Andaluz de Mendoza / ArgentinaCentro Cultural “Santa Fe de Veracruz” / ArgentinaCentro de Promoción Cultural / mexicoCirce: Marché de la Poésie / Paris, FranceEscuela de Flamenco “Passion du sud” / Lausanne, SwitzerlandFederación Panhelénica de Escuelas de Lenguas Extranjeras / Patra, GreeceFundación Saud Al-Babtain / Saudi ArabiaMaghreb Arabe PresseMusée National d’histoire et d’art / LuxemburgoOrganización Mundial de Ciudades Patrimonio de la HumanidadSchool Of The Arts. Virginia Common Wealth Universsity / EE.uuSecretaría Regional de Europa del sur y Mediterráneo de las Ciudades Patrimonio MundialSociety for Judeo-Arabic Studies. Hebrew University of Jerusalem / IsraelThe Khatt Foundation / Amsterdam, The netherlands

Luis Ignacio Ramallo Massanet / President, Spanish national Commission for Cooperation with unESCoEugenio Yunis Ahues / Head of Sustainable Development, WToArlette Albert-Birot / Poet, President of “Le marché de la Poésie”, ParisRamin Jahanbegloo / Philosopher, Essayist, university of Toronto, CanadaSergio Ramírez / Writer, Former minister, nicaraguaGilberto Gil / musician, Former minister of Culture, BrazilIvan Ivanov / Executive Director, Erio ( European Roma Information office)Conrado Dorantes / President of the Paniberian Association of olympic AcademiesUlrich Maly / mayor of nuremberg (Germany)Patrick Moenaert / mayor of Bruges (Belgium)Mohamed Isaomar / mayor of Tetuan (marocco)Ricardo Mario Ehrlich de Quesada / mayor of montevideoTahir Akyürek / mayor of Konia (Turkey)Raúl Saldivar / mayor of Serena (Chile)José A. Hernández Fraguas / mayor of oaxaca (mexico)Alfredo Sánchez Monteseirín / mayor of Seville (Spain)Miguel Ángel García Nieto / Alcalde de Ávila (Spain)José Antonio Sánchez / Alcalde de Santiago de Compostela (Spain)Vicente Quiralte / Director, national Library of mexicoLuis Eduardo Rendon Escobar / Director, International Poetry Festival, medellín (Colombia)Carlos Berzosa / Chancellor, Complutense university of madridJuan A. Gimeno Ullastres / Chancellor, uned (Spanish open university)Mercedes Gutiérrez Sánchez / ombudsman for university Students, Complutense university of madridJosé Mª Martín Delgado / Chancellor, International university of AndalusiaEugenio Domínguez Vílchez / Professor, Former Chancellor, university of CordobaLaurent Boetsch / Dean, Washington and Leeds universityAlexandra Burslem / Vice-Chacellor manchester metropolitan universityJulio Rodríguez Puértolas / Professor, Complutense univ. of madridMª Jesús Viguera Molins / Professor of Arabic Studies, Complutense university of madrid, Director, Al-Andalus Living LibraryMigue Ángel Troitiño / Geographer, Professor, Complutense univ. of madridRoman Gubern / Professor, Film Critic, EssayistEugenio García Zarza / Professor, President, Centre for Salamanca StudiesSerge Salaum / Hispanist, Professor, Paris- Sorbonne universityPaul Aubert / Hispanista, Professor, university of ProvenceGeoffrey Ribans / Hispanist, Emeritus Professor. united StatesSergio Oehninger / Director, Jones Institute for Reproductive medicine, Virginia-usaJosé Antonio Menéndez-Pidal / Vicepresident, Institute of TourismWerner Desimpeleare / President, Bruge Planning GroupManuel Pimentel / Former ministerJosé Rodríguez de la Borbolla / Former President, Andalusian Regional CouncilAlejandro Blanco / President, Spanish olympic CommitteeFlorentino Pérez / Businessman, President, Real madrid Football ClubCarlos Del Campo / SSecretary, Professional Football League (L.F.P.)Fernando Lamikiz Larai / President, Atletic de Bilbao Football ClubMiguel del Barco Gallego / Director, Royal College of music, madridRosina Gómez Baeza / Director, Arco (1986-2006)María Corral / Exhibition Curator, Former Director of The museo Reina SofiaSusana Spadoni Márquez / Honorary Director, museo Pablo SerranoJuana de Aizpuru / Gallery ownerRamón González de Amezúa / Director, Royal San Fernando Academy of Fine Arts (1991-2008)Juan De Dios Ramírez Heredia / President, Spanish Romani unionDiego Fernández Jiménez / Director, Institute of Gypsy CultureMª Félix Carrillo de los Reyes / President, union of Roma WomenLuis Aragonés / Coach, national Football Team

NB: The posts of the supporters shown above are those they held at the time of lending their support to Córdoba 2016.

49

...I have no hesitation in supporting your bid to be designated European Capital of Culture, for I share your conviction that this event will mark the culmination and just reward for your long-standing efforts and long-recognised merits...

His Royal Highness the Prince of Asturias

48

... And the citizens Simply checking the www.Córdoba2016.es website is enough to show that over 100,000 people in Córdoba with names, surnames, trade names – and all their messages – have signed up to support the city’s bid to become European Capital of Culture in 2016, making this the most heavily supported of all the projects undertaken in Córdoba in recent years.

At the helm, and steering the ves-sel, the current Mayor of the city, Andrés Ocaña, and the institu-tional leaders of the Andalusian Regional Council in Córdoba, the Provincial Council and the Univer-sity, i.e. the institutions that com-prise the Córdoba Cultural City Foundation.Also playing their part have been all the mayors of the city in the democratic era: Julio Anguita, Her-minio Trigo, Manuel Pérez, Rafael Merino and Rosa Aguilar, as well as the mayors of the local authorities of the province.The university community has gi-ven fundamental support and we thank the successive Chancellors of recent years, the Vice-Chance-llors and the thousands of profes-sors and students.There has also been a notable contribution from the leaders of

the city’s principal organisations, such as the Chamber of Commer-ce, the Córdoba Business Confe-deration, the general secretaries of the CCOO and UGT trades unions, the Federation of Neighbourhood Associations, the Royal Academy and thousands of leaders of cultu-ral, social, sporting, residents’ and recreational associations; as well as companies, clubs, foundations, professional associations, commer-cial associations, hoteliers...Also playing an important role in the candidacy have been artists, writers, musicians, film-makers, actors, directors of museums, di-rectors of art galleries, of cultural centres...; that is to say, all those who make up the social and cultu-ral framework of the city.The news media have also been involved in the project from the outset; the local Press Association

and the heads of all Córdoba’s me-dia outlets have lent their support to the candidacy, while journalists working for local and provincial newspapers have written and dis-tributed a manifesto of support for Córdoba 2016. Especially notewor-thy is the fact that the three news-papers serving the province, Diario Córdoba, El Día de Córdoba and ABC Córdoba, are partners in the Córdoba Cultural City Foundation and include the ECoC logo in their pages every day. To each and every one of them, to the people of Córdoba and the whole province who have so gene-rously embraced this candidacy:

Thank you for sharing the journey and have a very good trip...

50 51

Has anyone ever considered the philosophy of travel? It might be worth while. What is life but a form of motion, and a journey through a foreign world? Moreover, locomotion – the privilege of animals – is perhaps the key to intelligence

George Santayana: The Philosophy of Travel

52

advisors to the drafting committee

Francisco Aguilera Fuentes, staff member, córdoba cultural city

foundation

Juan Carlos Limia Mateo, staff member, department of culture,

córdoba city council

Javier Lucena Domínguez, staff member, cultural capital office

external advisors

Monika Bonet Poliwka, adviser, polish affairs

Guy Dockendorf, director general of the ministry of culture of

luxembourg, vice-president of luxembourg, european capital of

culture 1995; chairman of the organising board of “luxembourg

and greater region, european capital of culture, 2007”.

Mercedes Giovinazzo, chair, access to culture platform; director,

interarts

Colin Mercer, independant consultant

Eduard Miralles, head of international cultural relations,

barcelona provincial council; chairman, interarts

Antonio Taormina, director, ater formazione

Pekka Timonen, director of culture, helsinki city council

collaborators

Eloisa Acosta Fernández, department of youth, córdoba city

council

Juan Aljama Morilla, accessibility office, projects service, town

planning department, córdoba

Carmen Fátima Blanco Valdés, lecturer in italian philology,

university of córdoba

Pedro Caro González, municipal office, old town

Luis Carreto Clavo, chairman, córdoba business confederation

(ceco)

Anabel Carrillo Lafuente, chair, social council, university of

córdoba

Antonio J. Castillejo Carmona, surgestiÓn, córdoba

Joaquín Criado Costa, director of the royal academy of science,

art and literature of córdoba

Mohammed Dahiri, general coordinator, department of social

welfare, consumer protection and public health, córdoba city

council

Paula Estebaranz Berzal, director general for equality, youth and

cooperation, córdoba city council

José Manuel Fernández Martín, director pro-immigrant

association (apic)-andalucía acoge

Fuensanta García de la Torre, director, fine arts museum,

córdoba

Quim Larrea Cruces, chairman surgenia, andalusian

technological design centre foundation

Francisco López Gutiérrez, Adviser, villamarta theatre, Jerez

Rocío López Lozano, director, department of citizen

participation, córdoba city council

Juan Luis López Vázquez, director, spanish tourist office in

rome

Javier Martín Fernández, lawyer, chairman of bodegas campos

foundation

Juan Pedro Monferrer Sala, lecturer in arabic and islamic

studies, university of córdoba

Antonio Molina Flores, university of seville

Pedro Montero Tordera, manager, university foundation for the

development of córdoba province (fundecor), university of

córdoba

Eduardo Moyano Estrada, manager, andalusian institute of

advanced social studies (iesa-csic)

Juan Muñoz Bellido, manager, córdoba green areas /association

for the social defense of adolescentents and children (Zoveco/

asdam)

Rogelio Palacios Chups, director, andalusian youth institute,

córdoba (iaJ)

Francisco Paniagua Merchán, manager, department of town

planning, córdoba

Carlos Pardo García, cultural manager

Manuel Pérez Cortés, general coordinator, mayor’s office,

córdoba city council

Rafael Pérez de la Concha Camacho, department of tourism and

world heritage, córdoba city council

Mª José Peña Vélez, director, rural training and innovation (fir)

Manuel Pimentel Siles, director, editorial almuzara

Valentín Priego Ruiz, chairman, córdoba municipal institute for

economic development and employment (imdeec)

Antonio Ramos Pemán, manager, tourist board, córdoba

provincial council

Ángel Ramírez Troyano, andalusian institute of advanced social

studies (iesa-csic)

Gaia Redaelli, director, contemporary architecture foundation

Federico Rodríguez Ardila, manager, córdoba tourist board

Diego Ruiz Alcubilla, manager, rafael botí fine arts foundation

Rafael Ruiz Pérez, director municipal public libraries of córdoba

Francisco Ruiz Montero, culture expert, comarca valle del

guadiato

Maria Serrano García, director madinat al-Zahara interpretation

and management centre

Miguel Ángel Troitiño, complutense university of madrid

Mercedes Tirado Pastor, culture expert, córdoba provincial

council

Antonio Vallejo Triano, director, madinat al-Zahara archeological

site

collaborating bodies

Andalusian Institute of Advanced Social Studies (iesa-csic),

córdoba

Córdoba Business Confederation (ceco)

Contemporary Architecture Foundation, córdoba

Interarts Foundation, barcelona

other bodies involved

Andalusian Youth Institute, Córdoba (IAJ)Bodegas Campos FoundationCitizen Participation Department, Córdoba City CouncilCórdoba Green Areas /Association for the Social Defense of Adolescents and Children (ZOVECO/ASDAM)Córdoba Municipal Institute for Economic Development and Employment (IMDEEC)Córdoba Tourist BoardDepartment of Arabic Studies, University of CórdobaDepartment of Social Welfare, Consumer Protection and Public Health, Córdoba City CouncilDepartment of Tourism and World Heritage, Córdoba City CouncilDepartment of Town Planning, Córdoba Editorial Almuzara Fine Arts Museum, CórdobaGeneral Coordination, Mayor’s Office, Córdoba City CouncilGeneral Directorate for Equality, Youth and Cooperation,Córdoba City CouncilMadinat- Al Zahara Archeological ComplexSiteMadinat Al-Zahara Interpretation and Management CentreMunicipal Public Libraries of CórdobaMuseum and Institutional Headquarters of the Madinat al-Zahara Archaeological ComplexPro-Immigrant Association (APIC)-Andalucía AcogeRafael Botí Fine Arts FoundationRoyal Academy of Science, Art and Literature of CórdobaRural Training and Innovation (FIR)Tourist Board, Córdoba Provincial CouncilUniversity Foundation for the Development of Córdoba Province (FUNDECOR), University of CórdobaYouth Department, Córdoba City Council

CulTuRal PRogRaMME CREdITS

ex-officio board members

ChaIRMan

andrés ocaña rabadán, mayor of córdoba

VICE-ChaIRMan

francisco pulido muñoz, president, córdoba provincial council

ex officio board members

isabel ambrosio palos, andalusian regional council

representative in córdoba

José manuel roldán nogueras, chancellor, university of córdoba

board members representing founding institutions

REPRESEnTIng ThE CITy CounCIl

rafael blanco perea

rosa candelario ruiz

manuel pérez pérez

Juan José primo Jurado

REPRESEnTIng CóRdoBa PRoVInCIal CounCIl

elena cortés Jiménez

José mariscal campos

mª José montes pedrosa

REPRESEnTIng ThE andaluSIan REgIonal CounCIl

Joaquín dobladez soriano

Juan torres aguilar

rafaela valenzuela Jiménez

REPRESEnTIng ThE unIVERSITy of CóRdoBa

angelina costa palacios

ramón montes ruiz

manuel torres aguilar

management

Carlota Álvarez Basso, manager, córdoba cultural city

foundation

Manuel Pérez Pérez, director, cultural capital office

drafting committee

Mª Dolores Baena Alcántara, director, córdoba archeological

and ethnological museum

Javier Flores Castillero, cultural manager, artist and exhibiton

curator

Pablo García Casado, director, andalusian film institute; writer

Eugenio González Madorrán, architect

Carlos Hernández Pezzi, architect

Alberto Martín Expósito, art critic and exhibition curator.

general coordinator of the salamanca european capital of

culture, 2002; at present cultural coordinator at the university

of salamanca

Juan Miguel Moreno Calderón, professor of piano and director of

the “rafael orozco” school of music

Pedro Ruiz Pérez, professor of spanish literature at the

university of córdoba

Octavio Salazar Benítez, professor of constitutional law and

director general for culture at the university of córdoba

54 55

EdITIon

Juan José fernández palomo

maría José martín gordillo

rafael ruiz gómez de aranda

STylE

maría José martín gordillo

EdIToRIal CooRdInaTIon

belén medina baquerizo

EdIToRIal aSSISTanCE

maría de los angeles fernández cantueso

rafaela de la haba boyer

nicolás molina Josende

antonio prior sánchez

manuel rueda Úbeda

gRaPhICS CooRdInaToR

braulio valderas pérez

PhoTogRaPhS CouRTESy of:

abc córdoba

asociación fotográfica cordobesa (afoco)

el día de córdoba

PhoTogRaPhy

rafael alcaide

tete Álvarez

raúl aparicio

lola araque

rafael barrios

pilar barrionuevo

José luis caballano

Álvaro carmona

rafa carmona

ezequiel castellanos

toni castillo

guillaume cattiaux (flickr)

arturo chamorro

luis colmenero

raúl gaitán

José f. gálvez

rafael garcía castejón

alfredo infante garcía-pantaleón

hbarrison (flickr)

Juan manuel lópez del prá

rafael madero cubero

José martínez

rafael mellado

mauricio mergold

valerio merino

stephanus meyer

José antonio modelo

rafa montes

José moreno

nasa (craig maythew y robert simmon)

José carlos nievas

samira ouf

randomskk (flickr)

bruno rascão

alicia reguera

antonio rueda

cornelia steffens

stig ove voll (flickr)

surizar (flickr)

Juan manuel del toro

braulio valderas

luc.viatour (flickr)

EdITIon, EnglISh VERSIon

paul edson

TRanSlaTIon

traducciones eurolingua s.c., córdoba

paul edson

araceli montero valdivia

hartley moorhouse

dESIgn and layouT

é, córdoba

PRInTIng

brizzolis, madrid

córdoba, june 2010

copyrights

© of this edition, fundación córdoba ciudad cultural

© of the texts and the translations, their authors

© of the photographs, their authors

the córdoba cultural city foundation has made every possible effort to locate the copyright holders of the

photographs published here. we apologise in advance for any error or omission, which will be rectified in

subsequent editions.

depósito legal

To elaborate and promote the candidacy of Cordoba to became European Capital of Culture in 2016, the Cordoba Cultural City Foundation has been constituted in 2006, formed by: