460 ROYAL COLLEGES OF SURGEONS AND PHYSICIANS OF EDINBURGH’.

Clinical Clerk ; Practice of a Fever Hospital and ClinicalDemonstrations at a recognised Lunatic Asylum ; in Surgery,of having attended Lectures on Surgery and Pathologyincluding Bacteriology ; Practical Instruction in Surgery ;of having performed operations upon the Dead Subject ;Surgical Hospital Practice during two winter and twosummer sessions ;. Demonstrations in the Post Mortem Room,during twelve months ; Clinical Lectures on Surgery duringnine months; of having discharged the duties of SurgicalDresaer, and Clinical Instruction in Ophthalmology ;in Midwifery of having attended Lectures on Mid-

wifery ; Practical Instruction in Midwifery ; Clinical or

other Lectures, with Practical Instruction in DiseasesPeculiar to Women ; and of attendance on 20 Labours.

Fees for admission to the Third or Final Examinationare as follows : For the whole examination, E15 15s. Part I.For re-examination in Medicine, including Medical Anatomy,Pathology, Therapeutics, Forensic Medicine, and PublicHealth, E5 5s. ; for re-examination in Practical Pharmacy(if taken at this examination), £2 2s. Part II. For re-exami-nation in Surgery. including Pathology. Surgical Anatomy,and the use of Surgical Appliances, £5 5s. Part III. Forre-examination in Midwifery and Diseases peculiar toWomen, .E33s.A candidate referred on the Third or Final Examina-

tion will not be admitted to re-examination until afterthe lapse of a period of not less than three monthsfrom the date of rejection and will be required,before being admitted to re-examination, to produce acertificate, in regard to Medicine and Surgery, of havingattended the Medical and Surgical Practice, or the Medicalor Surgical Practice, as the case may be, during the periodof his reference ; and, in regard to Midwifery and Diseasespeculiar to Women, a certificate of having received, subse-quently to the date of his reference, not less than threemonths’ instruction in that subject by a recognised teacher.

ROYAL COLLEGES OF SURGEONS AND PHY-SICIANS OF EDINBURGH, AND FACULTY OFPHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF GLASGOW.

These Colleges have made arrangements by which, afterone series of examinations, held in Edinburgh or in Glasgow,or in Edinburgh and Glasgow, the sLudent may obtain thediplomas of the three Bodies.The three Bodies grant their Single Licences only to

candidates who already possess another and opposite quali-fication in Medicine or Surgery, as the case may be, recognisedby them. Copies of the Regulations for the Single Licenceof any of the Bodies may be had on application to therespective Secretaries.

Professional Education.-1. Candidates who commencedmedical study before Jan. lst, 1892, must have been en-gaged in professional study during forty-five months fromthe date of registration as medical students by the GeneralMedical. Council, which period shall include not less thanfour winter sessions’ attendance at a recognised medicalschool. 2. The candidate must produce certificates or othersatisfactory evidence of having attended the followingseparate and distinct courses of instruction : Anatomy,during at least six months ; Practical Anatomy, twelvemonths ; Chemistry, six months; Practical or AnalyticalChemistry, three months ; Materia Medica, three months;Physiology, six months; Practice of Medicine, six months ;Clinical Medicine, nine months; Principles and Practice ofSurgery, six months; Clinical Surgery, nine months ; Mid-wifery and the Diseases of Women and Children, threemonths; Medical Jurisprudence, three months; Patho-logical Anatomy, three months. The six months’ coursesdelivered in Scotland must consist of not fewer than100 lectures. The three months’ courses must consistof not fewer than fifty lectures. The number of lecturescertified as attended at any school not situated in Scot- land should not be less than three-fourths of the total number of lectures delivered in a course. 3. The candidatemust also produce the following certificates :-(a) Of havingattended not less than six cases of labour, three of theseto be conducted personally under the direct superintendenceof the practitioner who signs the certificate, who must bea registered medical practitioner. (b) Of having attended,for three months, instruction in Practical Pharmacy; thecertificate to be signed by the teacher, who must be a memberof the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, or the

superintendent of the laboratory of a public hospital or dis-pensary, or a registered practitioner who dispenses medicinesto his patients, or a teacher of a class of Practical Pharmacy.(0) Of having attended for twenty-four months the Medicaland Surgical practice of a public general hospital contain.ing on an average at least eighty patients available forclinical instruction and possessing distinct stafEa of phy.sicians and of surgeons. (d) Of having attended for sixmonths (or three months, with three months’ hospital clerk.ship) the practice of a public dispensary specially recognisedby any of the above authorities ; or the out-patient practiceof a recognised general hospital, or of having acted forsix months as pupil to a registered practitioner who eitherholds such a public appointment, or has such opportunitiesof imparting practical knowledge as shall be satisfactory tothe cooperating authorities ; this attendance should bemade after the student has passed the First and SecondExaminations. (e) Of having been instructed by a registeredmedical practitioner in the Theory and Practice of Vaccina.tion, and of having performed operations under theteacher’s inspection, during a period of not less than sixweeks.

Candidates shall be subjected to three ProfessionalExaminations, and they may enter either for the whole of anExamination or for a division thereof.

First Examination.-The First Examination shall em-brace the two divisions of (1) Chemistry and (2) ElementaryAnatomy and Histology, and shall take place not soonerthan the end of the first year, including the period of awinter and a summer session. For the whole Examinationtaken at one time the sum of 5 5s. must be paid to theinspector of certificates not later than one week precedingit, after which no candidate will be entered. After r3jecticn,for re-entry in all subjects, £3 3s.; for re-entry after obtain-ing exemption from re-examination in one or two subjects,£2 2s. ; for entering for one division of subjects separately,JE3 3s. ; and for each re-entry after rejection, £2 2s. Anycandidate who shall produce satisfactory evidence of havingpassed an equivalent examination in any of the subjects ofthe First Examination before any of the boards specified inthe Regulations will be exempt from examination in suchsubjects.

Second Examination. -The Second Examination shalembrace the three subjects of (1) Anatomy, (2) Physiology(3) Materia Medica and Pharmacy, each of which shall con-stitute a division of the examination, and may be entered forseparately. The examination shall not take place before thetermination of the summer session of the second year ofstudy, including two winters and two summers. The fees foradmission to this examination, payable not later than oneweek before the day of examination, are as follows :—For thewhole Examination, ;E5 5s.; after rejection for re-entry in allsubjects, ;&3 3s. ; for re- entry after obtaining exemption fromre-examination in one or two subjects, C2 2s. ; for entering forone subject separately, £2 2s.; and for each re-entry thereinafter rejection, jS2 2s. Any candidate who shall producesatisfactory evidence of having passed an equivalent exami-nation in any of the subjects of the Second Examinationbefore any of the boards specified in the Regulations will beexempt from examination in such subject or subjects.

Final Examination.-The Final Examination shall em.brace the three divisions of-(1) the Principles and Practiceof Medicine (including Therapeutics, Medical Anatomy, andPathology) and Clinical Medicine; (2) the Principles andPractice of Surgery (including Surgical Anatomy and SurgicalPathology) and Clinical Surgery; (3) Midwifery and Gynæ.cology, Medical Jurisprudence, and Hygiene (which divi.sions may be entered for separately at different times);and shall not take place before the termination of the fullperiod of study. The fees for this Examination, payablenot later than one week before the examination day, are asfollows : For the whole Examination, taken at one time, inthe case of candidates who have passed the First and SecondExaminations, 15 15s., of which £10 10s. shall be returnedto unsuccessful candidates. For entering for each of thethree divisions of subjects separately, E6 6s., and on re-entryafter rejection, ;E2 2s. in respect of each division or partthereof. This rule will also apply to any subsequent rejec-tion. Any candidate admitted to the Final Examination, onthe footing of having passed in the subjects of the Firstand Second Examinations at a recognised board, shall, onentering, pay the full fee of £ 26 5s.

All candidates shall be subjected, in addition to theWritten and Oral Examinations, to Clinical Examinatiors

461ROYAL COLLEGES OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS IN IRELAND.

in Medicine and Surgery, which shall include the Ex:amina-tion of Patients, Physical Diagnosis, the Clinical Use of theMicroscope, Examination of the Urine and Urinary Deposits,Surgical Appliances, Bandages, Surface Markings, &c.

REGULATIONS FOR CANDIDATES WHO COMMENCED STUDYafter JANUARY 1ST, 1892.

In addition to the courses above prescribed candidates arerequired to attend the following courses : Physics, threemonths; Elementary Biology, three months ; Diseases andInjuries of the Eye, three months ; Insanity, three months ;Infectious Diseases, three months; and twelve months

Hospital Practice with Clinical instruction.The curriculum lasts for five years; the fifth year should be

devoted to clinical work at one or more public hospitals ordispensaries. Six months of the fifth year may be passed bythe student as a pupil to a registered practitioner possessingsuch opportunities of imparting practical knowledge as maybe deemed satisfactory by the Committee of Management.The student’s regularity of attendance in the wards and out-patient departments of the hospitals and at the post-mortemexaminations should be duly ascertained and noted on thecertificate.Candidates shall be subjected to four Professional Exami-

nations :First Examination.-The First Examination shall embrace

the following divisions of subjects-(1) Physics, (2) Che-mistry, and (3) Elementary Biology. The fees payable foradmission to the First Examination shall be for the wholeExamination, ;E5 ; for each division separately, E2 10s.Second Examination.-The Second Examination shall

embrace Anatomy and Physiology including Histology ;and candidates may be admitted to this Examinationat the end of the second year of medical study. Thefees payable for admission to the Second Examinationshall be-for the whole Examination, .E5.Third Examination.-The Third Examination shall em-

brace Pathology, Materia Medica, and Pharmacy. Thefees payable for admission to the Third Examination shallbe-for the whole Examination, £ 5 ; for re-entry in bothsubjects after rejection, £ 3.Final Examination. -The Final Examination shall not be

passed earlier than the end of the fifth year of study,and shall embrace the following subjects :-Medicine,including Therapeutics, Medical Anatomy, and ClinicalMedicine; Surgery, including Surgical Anatomy, ClinicalSurgery, and Diseases and Injuries of the Eye ; Midwiferyand Diseases of Women and of New-born Children ; andMedical Jurisprudence and Hygiene. All candidatesshall be subjected, in addition to the Written and Oral Ex-aminations, to Clinical Examinations in Medicine and

Surgery, which shall include the Examination of Patients,Physical Diagnosis, the Clinical use of the Microscope, Ex-amination of the Urine and Urinary Deposits, SurgicalAppliances, Bandages, Surface markings, &c. The feespayable for the Final Examination shall be,-for thewhole Examination, £15, for re-entry in all subjects afterrejection, E5.There are six periods of Examination annually, four in

Edinburgh and two in Glasgow, and candidates may presentthemselves at either examining centre irrespective of theplace of the previous examination. The Registrar in Edin-burgh is Mr. J. Robertson, 48, George-square; and theRegistrar in Glasgow, Mr. A. Duncan, 242, St. Vincent-street, to whom fees and certificates must be sent.Note.-In applying for copies of the Regulations students

should state whether they commenced medical study beforeor after Jan. lst, 1892.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND ROYALCOLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND.

Two sets of Regulations are at present in force, under which examinations take place for the conjoint diploma of thesebodies. The following Regulations are obligatory on aUstudents commencing on or after Dec. 31st, 1891, the datealready mentioned :-

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION AND REGISTRATION.Every candidate for the Conjoint Examinations of the

Colleges shall produce evidence-(a) of having, beforeentering on medical studies, passed a Preliminary Exami-nation in general education recognised by the GeneralMedical Council ; and (b) of having been registered by that

Council as a Student in Medicine. Each candidate beforereceiving his diplomas must produce a registrar’s certificateor other satisfactory evidence that he has attained the ageof twenty-one years.

Preliminary Examination.-The subjects for examinationare identical with those prescribed for the PreliminaryExamination by the General Council of Medical Educationand Registration.

Professional Examinations.Every candidate is required to pass four Professional

Examinations-at the end of the first, second, fourth andfifth years of his professional studies. No candidate shall beadmitted to the Final or Qualifying Examination withinthree months of his rejection at the Final or QualifyingExamination by any other licensing body. All examina-tions shall be conducted as far as possible by demonstrationof objects placed before the candidates.

rdrst Professional Examination. - Every candidate is re-quired, before admission to the First Professional Exami-nation, to produce evidence—(1) of having passed in thesubjects of the Preliminary Examination; (2) of havingbeen registered as a medical student by the GeneralMedical Council; and (3) of having attended a course of-(a) Demonstrations and Dissections, (b) lectures on Theo-retical Chemistry, winter courses ; (e) Practical Chemistry,three months’ summer or winter course ; (d) ElementaryBiology; (e) Physics. (Note.-Biology and Physics maybe studied either before or after registration at ihsti-tutions recognised for the purpose by the Colleges.](f) Practical Pharmacy-(1) evidence of attendance forthree months in the compounding department of a clinicalhospital, which hospital shall have satisfied the committeeof management that its means of instruction are sufficient,and shall return to the committee the names of its studentsat the commencement of the course, together with a recordof their attendance at its close ; or (2) evidence of attend-ance on a course of Practical Pharmacy in a recognisedmedical school, the course to consist of not less than twentydemonstrations ; or (3) evidence of having served a full

apprenticeship of three years, or of having acted aq paidassistant for not less than one year, in the establishment ofa Licentiate apothecary or of a registered pharmaceuticalchemist. The fee for this examination is ;E15 15s.The subjects of the First Professional Examination are

the following :-1. (a) Chemistry ; (b) Physics. 2. Prac-tical Pharmacy. 3. Elementary Biology. 4. Anatomy-viz., Bones, with attachments of Muscles and Ligaments, andJoints. Candidates may take this examination as a wholeat one time or in four parts, but no portion earlier than theend of the first winter session.

Second Professional Examination.-Candidates are notadmissible to this examination before the end of their secondwinter session. Every candidate is required, before admissionto the Second Professional Examination, to produce evidenceof having passed the First Professional Examination ; alsocertificates of having attended-(1) a medico-chirurgicalhospital for nine months ; (2) Demonstrations and Dissec-tions for six months ; (3) Practical Histology for three

months; (4) Lectures on (a) Anatomy for six months ; (b)Physiology for six months ; (e) Materia Medica for threemonths. Materia Medica may be deferred to the third year.The fee for this examination is £ 10 10s.The subjects of the Second Professional Examination are

the following: -1. Anatomy : the anatomy of the wholehuman body ; (2) Histology; (3) Huma.n Physiology;(4) Materia Medica, The candidate must present himself,in the first instance at least, in Anatomy and Histology ;if he pass in either of these subjects he may, at thediscretion of the examiners, get credit therefor. Physiologyand Materia Medica may, at the option of the candidate,be passed at the end of the second or during the third year.

Tlzird Professional Examination. - Candidates are notadmitted to this examination before the end of theirfourth winter session. Eery candidate is required, beforeadmission to the Third Professional Examination, to pro-duce evidence of having passed the Second ProfessionalExamination ; also, in addition to the certi6ca,tes requiredfor the Second Professional Examination, certificates ofhaving attended - (1) a medico.chirurgical hospital for

eighteen months ; (2) a midwifery hospital or maternityfor six months, including evidence of having been present atthirty labours ;’ (3) clinical instruction in Mental Diseases

7 May be taken in either the fourth or fifth year.