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RSS Really Simple Syndication. Overview RSS is a web content syndication format RSS documents are...

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RSS RSS Really Simple Syndication
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RSSRSSReally Simple Syndication

OverviewOverview

RSS is a web content syndication formatRSS documents are XML and must

conform to the xml 1.0 recommendationRSS files are used to keep subscribers

informed about the most recent updates to news, blogs, discussion groups, site postings, etc.

Versions of RSSVersions of RSS

First began as scripting news in 1997RSS 0.90 was designed for use with Netscape

1999(had an RDF header)RSS 0.91 (1999) more standard, no RDF

headerRSS 0.92 which is 0.91 with optional

elementsRSS 1.0, Developed by a private group at

O’Reilly –again has an RDF header (2000)RSS 2.0 –basically a modification of 0.92

(2003)

Basics of RSS 2.0Basics of RSS 2.0

The root element of the document is <rss version=“2.0”>It has no namespaces, though namespaces

can be added to accommodate extensions to rss and inclusion of other xml vocabularies

The <rss> element has a single child, the<channel> element

The <channel> ElementThe <channel> Element

The <channel> element can contain several elements. Most contain metadata about the rss feed

Three elements are required and several are optional

Additionally the <channel> element contains one or more <item> elements

The <item> elements contain the description and links of the syndicated content

Required Elements of <channel>Required Elements of <channel>

Element Description Example

title The name of the channel

NPR topics: News

link The URL to the website corresponding to the channel

http://www.npr.org

description A few words describing the channel

Current news stories from NPR

Optional Elements of <channel>Optional Elements of <channel>

Element Description Example

language The language the channel is written in

en-us

copyright Copyright notice Copyright 2007 NPR

managingEditor Email address for person responsible for editorial content

[email protected]

webMaster Email for the web master

[email protected]

pubDate Publication date. Conforms to RFC 82

Sat, 07 Sep 2002 00:00:01 GMT

lastBuildDate Date of last build Sat, 07 Sep 2002 00:00:01 GMT

category Specify one or more categories that the feed belongs to

<category> Science </category>

Optional Elements ContinuedOptional Elements Continued

Element Description Example

generator A string indicating the generator used to generate the channel

MightyInHouse Content System v2.3

docs A URL that points to the documentation for the format used

http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss

cloud Allows a processor to register with the cloud to be notified of updates to the channel

<cloud domain="rpc.sys.com" port="80" path="/RPC2" registerProcedure="pingMe" protocol="soap"/>

ttl Time to live in minutes <ttl>60</ttl>

image Specifies an image that can be displayed with the feed

Optional Elements (End)Optional Elements (End)

Element Description Example

rating The PICs rating for the channel

textInput Specifies a text input box that can be displayed with the channel

skipHours A hint for aggregators about what hours they can skip

skipDays The same for days

The <item> ElementThe <item> Element

A channel many contain any number of items

The items may represent a link to a story or a resource or they may be complete in themselves

All child elements of <item> are optional however at minimum at least a title or description must be present

Elements of <item>Elements of <item>

Element Description Example

title The title of the item Mars Phoenix successfully lands near polar ice cap

link The URL of the item http://www.nasa.gov/mars/phoenix

description The description of the item (can contain entity escaped html)

At 5:45 this afternoon eastern time the Phoenix probe entered the Martian atmospher

author Email address of the author

category Includes the item in a category

Elements of <item> ContinuedElements of <item> Continued

Element Description Example

comments URL for a page of comments related to the item

enclosure Description of media object attached to item

guid String that uniquely identifies the item

http://inessential.com/2002/09/01.php#a2

pubDate Publication date of the item

source Rss channel that the item came from

RSS Example Channel RSS Example Channel MetainformationMetainformation

<?xml version="1.0"?><rss version="2.0”> <channel> <title cf:type="text">Lift Off News</title> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link> <description>Liftoff to Space Exploration.</description> <language>en-us</language> <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 04:00:00 GMT</pubDate> <lastBuildDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 09:41:01 GMT</lastBuildDate> <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs> <generator>Weblog Editor 2.0</generator> <managingEditor>[email protected]</managingEditor> <webMaster>[email protected]</webMaster> <ttl>5</ttl>

RSS Example ItemsRSS Example Items

<item> <title cf:type="text">Star City</title> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-starcity.asp</link> <description>How do Americans get ready to work with Russians aboard the International Space Station? They take a crash course in culture, language and protocol at Russia's Star City.</description> <pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2003 09:39:21 GMT</pubDate> <guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/06/03.html#item573</guid> </item> <item> <title>Space Exploration</title> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link> <description>Sky watchers in Europe, Asia, and parts of Alaska and Canada will experience a partial eclipse of the Sun on Saturday, May 31st.</description> <pubDate>Fri, 30 May 2003 11:06:42 GMT</pubDate> <guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/05/30.html#item572</guid> </item> </channel></rss>

ReferenceReference

Much of the material for this slide show came from

http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/rss/rss.htmlTheirs is the definitive document for

defining RSS 2.0


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