Rubella Slides Presentation for camp

8/7/2019 Rubella Slides Presentation for camp

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Rubella

What is Rubella ?

Adisease caused by a Virus.

Rubella means Little Red i.e. Red Spots.

Also called German Measles.

Could be missed as Measles in mild form.


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Rubella

Does Rubella occurs in India ?

Definitely.

In fact, first identified in India in 1841.

Many infected people may not even realize that theyhad the disease.

Indian studies showed between 50% to 95%individuals being infected in the past.


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Rubella

Prevalence ofRubella in India.

A general misconception that Rubella is rarein India has been removed by this and otherstudies on pregnant women.

Out of 374 deaf children studied in Madrasregion 29 % were seropositive for Rubella.

In another study 26 % of the 90 infantsinvestigated for malformations hadserological evidence of Rubella.


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Rubella

Who catches Rubella ?

Is it a childhood disease ?

Not a childhood disease.

Affects anyone young or old, male or female.

Most often young children transmit to adults.

Could become widespread in schools or camps

(crowding).


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Rubella

How does Rubella spread ?

Transmitted from one person to another by air. Sospreads very easily.

SOURCES OF INFECTION :-

Patients with overt disease.

Infants with congenital Rubella.

Personal with subclinical illness.


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Rubella

How does the disease progress ?

Many patients recover without the disease

being diagnosed as Rubella.

No major complications for the patients.


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Rubella

How does one know that some one hasRubella ?

Mild fever (Below 39C or 102.2C F).

Mild rashes like red spots. On the face and neck first

and then spreads on the rest of the body.

Disappears within three or four days.

Patient may feel tired and worn out.


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Rubella What is the reason for concern regarding Rubella

To a pregnant women

Serious not for the mother, but for the child she iscarrying.

The virus reaches the foetus and interfere in its

growth and development.

Depending on the stage of pregnancy. Abortion Surviving Foetus and Infant could remain disabled

for life with several handicaps.


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Rubella Abnormalities after Rubella in first

Trimester.

50 - 90 % Eye defects 40 - 50 % Heart defects

60 - 75 % Hearing Loss

25 - 40 % Psychomotor Retardation

IUGR,

Hepatospleenomegaly.


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RubellaOf those affected.

50 % will require to attend school for deaf.

25 % will require to attend special school due

to hearing problems.


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Rubella


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Rubella


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Rubella


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Rubella


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RubellaFoetal Infection

TIME OF MATERNAL RESULTS

INFECTION

1 2 Weeks Harmless3 11 Weeks 100 % infected Foetus

12 Weeks 80 % infected Foetus

13 14 Weeks 54 % infected Foetus

15 16 Weeks 35 % infected Foetus23 26 Weeks 25 % infected Foetus


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Rubella

What symptoms should one look for ?

Every such fever (of whatever origin) should

be investigated.

Mild red rashes usually developing on the

face and neck, travelling downwards on the

body and becoming prominent after hot bath

and hot showers


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Rubella

What symptom noted during pregnancy ?

Report of doctor.

(85 % cases occur without rashes)

Blood tests confirm

Whether exposed to Rubella, if so

How recent the infection wasWhether foetus is infected or not.


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Rubella

What treatment would a doctor recommend ?

No drug destroys the virus.

Only matter of concern is foetussafety.

Stage of pregnancy influences the

doctors advice.

Nothing can be done to save the foetus from

the negative effects if infected.


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Rubella

What could have saved the foetus ?

Antibodies in the mothers blood.

Produced before conception.


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Rubella

How can these antibodies be produced ?

As a result of natural infection.

However cannot be a workable solution to

the problem.


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Rubella

What is the alternative to natural

infection ?

Vaccination

Most effective

A better way


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Rubella

Should every mother to-be be vaccinated ?

Definitely Yes

Arecommendation in all countries withadvanced health care (USA, UK & Others)

In most developing countries now routinely

recommended.

Now Rubella vaccine is available also inIndia.


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Rubella

What are the odds that I am already

protected as a result of natural infection ?

Around 5095 %. These percentages of

women are found to be carrying antibodies

when checked in different studies in India.


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Rubella

How can I find out whether I have been

exposed to natural infection and protected ?

Blood tests can confirm but

Expensive much more than a vaccine.

Procedure not available everywhere.

Results could also be risky (Negative).

The vaccine is economical and surer way.


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RubellaHow effective is the vaccine ?

The experience in USA.

Epidemic ofRubella occurs every seven years.

Following the use of vaccine the expected

epidemic did not occur.

In 1989 in the whole of US

A

only one babymalformed (due to Rubella)


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Rubella

When can I take the vaccine ?

Every women of child bearing age (Avoid

pregnancy for a short period after vaccination).

After delivery to protect subsequent

pregnancies.


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Rubella Recommended age for Routine administration ofRubella vaccine.

Three different stages.

All girls over the age of 9 years i.e. beforepuberty, if missed

All women of child bearing age at the earliestpossible, if missed

After the birth of the child, every mother, toprotect the next pregnancy.

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Rubella Slides Presentation for camp

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