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Bronx Zoo
Central Park Zoo
American Museum of Natural History
Well-managed Zoos and Aquariums can make an
Enormous Contribution to Conservation
Partnering for Sustainable Zoos and Aquariums
SpeciesConservation: The Need for Zoos to Lead
Priority AreasHotspots
The Madagascar Example
What Zoos are Doing What More Can Zoos Do?
Zoos and the Wild as a Continuum
Increased Support to Field Programs
Closer Relationships with IUCN
The CBD and 2020 Targets
BINGOS “Down-grading”
Species Conservation
??
Climate Change
Water
Food Security
Green Economies
Ecosystem Services
Human Well-being
Biodiversity
Species Conservation and
Extinction Avoidanceare no longer thePrinciple Focus
The Need for Zoosto be the
Global Leaderin
Species Conservation
THREATSto
SPECIES
An Extinction Crisis
We are losing species
We are losing forest and other habitats
We are seeing the erosion of critical ecosystem services
The CI Approach
Be Strategic
Set Priorities(based on the best available Science)
Setting Priorities
HotspotsHigh Biodiversity Wilderness Areas
HOTSPOTS
Prioritizing Areas of High Irreplaceability(Endemic Species)
andHigh Threat
HOTSPOTSEarth’s 34 (- 35) Richest and Most Endangered Ecoregions
High Biodiversity Wilderness Areas
High Biodiversity Wilderness Areas
Forests of East Australia
HOTSPOTSOriginal Extent23,490,101 km2
15.7%of Earth’s land surface
HOTSPOTS
2.3%of Earth’s land surface
Area Remaining Intact3,385,341 km2
HOTSPOTS
86+%Lost
Vertebrate Endemism in the Hotspots
12,065 species
42%of all vertebrates
as endemics
Targets for achieving species outcomes: globally threatened species
CR & EN SPECIES IN THE HOTSPOTS
72% of all CR + EN mammals
86% of all CR + EN birds
92% of all CR + EN amphibians
HOTSPOTS: KEY POINTS
Not Just Tropical Rain Forest
Not Just Species Richness or Endemism
Concentration of Endemism at Higher Taxonomic Levels
(Endemic Genera, Families)
Deep Lineages /Evolutionary History
Madagascar Plants14-15,000 spp.
80+% endemic / found nowhere else on Earth
> 400 species
100% endemic
Lemurs
5 families15 genera
101 species
MADAGASCAR
Remaining area of natural habitat
~50 – 60,000 km2
90+% lost
Strengthen the law enforcement in Androy and Atsimo Andrefana Regions
WCS
New Species Discoveries &
Rediscoveries in Madagascar
Field Guide to the Lemurs of Madagascar
1994: 50
2006 (1/06): 71
2010 : 101 !
230++ species
Madagascar Pochard –Rediscovered !!
Madagascar:The World’s Highest Priority Hotspot?
MADAGASCAR
Commitment to
tripleProtected Area coverage over the next 5 years !
MADAGASCAR
$50 millionTrust Fund requested in September, 2003
CI invests first $1 million
Total achieved as of March, 2008
DreamWorks
TTTTTTTTT
$500,000 for Ecotourism
MADAGASCAR
1,750,000 haNew Protected Areas
declared sinceDecember, 2005
MADAGASCAR WHAT NOW ?
Marc Ravalomananaout in March, 2009
Andry Rajoelinanot yet recognized by any other nation
There are no final victoriesin conservation
and esp. in Hotspots
BOTTOM LINE
Hotspotsand
High Biodiversity Wilderness Areas
The
Top Priorityin
Terrestrial Species Conservation
HotspotsIf we fail in these areas, especially the Hotspots,
we will lose a major portionof the world’s
terrestrial & freshwater species regardless
of how successfulwe are in other areas
And…
HotspotsA Very Effective Tool
for Fund-Raising
The Next Level Down
Site Level Priorities
Key Biodiversity
Areas (KBAs)
KBAs
Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites
AZE Sites
Single sites that are the only home to CR and EN
species, the loss of which will result in the
extinction of those species
THE MARINE REALM
The Largest Biome in the Universe
What Can Zoos & Aquariums
doin the Future
(Beyond what they already are doing)
Recognize your Enormous Power and
Influence
Public Awareness Education & Training
Influencing Public PolicyAttracting New Donors
Visitors to Zoos225 AZA institutions186 million visitors
Total Global700 million visitors
Recognition of the fact that there is a Continuum
between Captivity and the Wild
Support for Conservation
in the Wild
Esp. in Hotspots, HBWAs,Priority Marine Areas, etc.
AZA Conservation Endowment
Fund
~$5 millionover
20 years
EAZA Campaigns
4,285,000 Euros9 Campaigns
Plus 1.9 million signatures on Bushmeat Petition toEU Parliament in 2001, resulting in
3.4 million Euros to GRASP
Madagascar Faunal Group
Henry Doorly Zoo Omaha
EAZA Campaignfor
Madagascar 2006-2007
605,000 Euros
Recent Survey byAZA Field Conservation
Committee
225 AZA facilities$110 million on Conservation
$89 from WCS alone
WAZA300 members
$350 million on Conservation
(but not all for conservation in the wild)
Stillonly
~1-2%
Changing the
Scale
Increase Support to Field Programs
by anOrder of Magnitude
over the next Decade
Continued heavy emphasisSpecies-focused Programs (incl. bringing new species into captivity)
SupportforKeyProtected Areas
Work with Local Communities
Stimulate Ecotourismthrough your
Donor Tour Programs
Primate Ecotourism
Primate Watching
Primate Life-Listing
Partnering with
IUCN
IUCNSpecies Survival
Commission
Partnering with the Species Survival Commission
CBSGAdopt / Twin with Specialist Groups
Share Global Priorities
Partner in Branding and using the Red List Scale in Exhibits
Amphibian Survival AllianceAmphibian Ark, IUCN/SSC ASG
Red List
Rolling out to Zoos, Aquaria, and Botanic Gardens
WAZA Officein
IUCN HQGland, Switzerland
Join as a Member Institution
Other Commissions
National Committees
Participate in theWorld Conservation Congress,
World Parks Congress,Future World Species Congress,
World Species Congress
2015 ?
Resolution passed at IUCN World Conservation Congress, Barcelona, October, 2008
Engage with the Major Conventions Dealing with
Conservation Issues
CBDUNFCCC
CMSRAMSAR
In 2010: A real opportunity
2010-2020
International Decadeof Biodiversity
In 2010: A real opportunity
Aichi Strategic Plan 2011-2020
20 Targets for 2020
Target 12:
Suggested Change:The extinction of all threatened species in the wild has been prevented.
Target 11:
17% of the terrestrial planet and10% of the marine realm protected through networks of effective managed protected area systems and other means, and integrated into wider land- and seascapes.
NATURE NEEDS HALFAt least
50% of the planet, including all terrestrial, freshwater, and marine key biodiversity areas (KBAs), protected through networks of effective managed protected area systems and other means, and integrated into wider land- and seascapes.
UseCelebritieswheneverpossible
Mohamed bin ZayedSpecies Conservation Fund
Abu Dhabi Starting Capital: 25 million Euros
Save Our Species FundGlobal Environment Facility (managed by IUCN Species Programme)
1996-2010
$8 million200+ projects
$1,000 - $25,000
In closing, there exists a need for the Global Zoo & Aquarium Communityto take on the Major Leadership Role inSpecies ConservationWorldwide, and to increasethe level of Commitment over this nextCritical Decade ……
but we have onlya brief window of opportunity in whichto act to come up withtruly lasting solutions …...
We Need to be Optimisticand VeryAmbitious
Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
(CEPF)Support to Civil Society Organizations
in Hotspots
Started in 2001 as a result of first Hotspots book
CEPF – 2nd Phase2007-2012
World BankGlobal Environment Facility
MacArthur FoundationConservation International
Government of JapanGovernment of France
$150 million / 5 yearsfor Hotspots
The Global Conservation Fund (GCF)
Gordon and Betty MooreFoundation
$100 million / 5 years
Focused on Creating New Parks and Reservesin Hotspots and Wilderness Areas
The Global Conservation Fund (GCF)
63 new or expandedprotected areas
79 million ha set aside
Human Linguistic Diversity
LANGUAGES SPOKEN IN THE HOTSPOTS - 3,475
LANGUAGES SPOKEN IN THE HBWA - 1,617
TOTAL HOTSPOTS + HBWAS - 5,092
GLOBAL TOTAL - 6,912
% IN HOTSPOTS + HBWAS
73.7%
Basic Premises
All species are important,and all nations should do
everything possible to conservetheir living resources,
but …
Basic Premises
Certain parts of the planet are especially rich in unique life forms,
and these are often the areas most heavily impacted
by human activitiesand at greatest risk
Develops strong sense of partnership with the countries in question
Builds trust and facilitates future exchange of animals
as part of the Captive - Wild Continuum
Private funding not subject to rapid changes due to
political crises (e.g., Madagascar)
Turtle Survival Alliance (TSA)
Public Awareness
Conservation Education
Training
CEPF- 1st Phase 2001-2006
World BankGlobal Environment Facility
MacArthur FoundationConservation InternationalGovernment of Japan
$125 million / 5 yearsfor Hotspots
The IUCN Red Listof Threatened Species
A Dual Focus
Hotspots
High BiodiversityWilderness Areas
High Biodiversity
Still Largely Intact
AmazoniaCongoNew GuineaMiombo-Mopane of Southern AfricaNorth American Deserts
2001
2012 and beyond
ENDEMISM AT THE FAMILY LEVEL(PLANTS + VERTEBRATES)
MADAGASCAR 25NEW ZEALAND 7
CHILEAN WINTER RAINFALL / VALDIVIAN FORESTS 7
NEW CALEDONIA 7
CAPE FLORISTIC REGION 5
SUNDALAND 3
JAPAN 3
CARIBBEAN 2+
SW AUSTRALIA 2
INDO-BURMA 2
SW CHINA 2
ENDEMISM AT THE GENERIC LEVEL(PLANTS + VERTEBRATES)
MADAGASCAR 478CARIBBEAN 269
ATLANTIC FOREST 210
SUNDALAND 199
EASTERN AFROMONTANE 178
CAPE FLORISTIC REGION 162
MESOAMERICA 138
WESTERN GHATS / SRI LANKA 125
NEW CALEDONIA 122
HIMALAYA 107
The Economics of Ecosystem Services
& Biodiversity
TEEB
And…
HotspotsA Very Effective Tool
for Fund-Raising
Funding Mechanisms
Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
(CEPF)Support to Civil Society Organizations
in Hotspots
CEPF- 1st Phase 2001-2006
World BankGlobal Environment Facility
MacArthur FoundationConservation InternationalGovernment of Japan
$125 million / 5 yearsfor Hotspots
CEPF – 2nd Phase
World BankGlobal Environment Facility
MacArthur FoundationConservation International
Government of JapanGovernment of France
The Global Conservation Fund (GCF)
Gordon and Betty MooreFoundation
$100 million / 5 years
Focused on Creating New Parks and Reservesin Hotspots and Wilderness Areas
The Global Conservation Fund (GCF)
63 new or expandedprotected areas
79 million ha set aside
T
Target 5:
Current Version:Deforestation and forest degradation, and the rate of loss and degradation of other natural halted is halved
Suggested Change:The destruction and degradation of natural habitats and ecosystem integrity is halted
Target 6:
Current Version:Pressure on marine ecosystems through overfishing is halved, and destructive fishing practices are eliminated.
Suggested Change:Pressure on marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems through overharvesting is halted and destructive harvesting practices are eliminated.
73%in ProtectedAreas andIndigenousReserves
Fund:Target of $15 million
Trust
Amapa
High Biodiversity Wilderness Areas
8.98 million km2
6.1%of land surface
Dec 2006
Three Major Species Extinction Crises
• Amphibians
• Corals
• Asian large animals
Partnerships
Indigenous and Traditional Peoples
Initiative
Partnerships
Indigenous and Indigenous and Traditional Peoples Traditional Peoples
Initiative
Global Climate Change
Avoided Deforestation
REDDReduction in Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation
Forest CarbonAn Essential, ImmediateSolution The Big Opportunity
REDD+ the obvious immediate opportunity
REDD+ a major opportunity for funding some of our highest priority areas
for biodiversity conservation
REDD+ even a mechanism for addressing some of the great economic imbalances
that exist in our world
Linking the CBD & UNFCCC
Major Focus on Protected Areas
National parks and biological reservesState protected areas
Private protected areasNew protected areas
KBAsAZE Sites
Long-term commitment
Protected Areas(in the broad sense)
Blue-eyed Black Lemurmale
female
White-collared Brown Lemur
Shortly after this vist…
Primate-Watching
Primate Life-Listing
But, much much more needs to be done….
To increase the profile of Species Conservation
To find more resources
To work closely with the highest priority countries on Earth to prevent
major extinctions ……
Working with
IUCNThe International Union
for Conservation of Nature
Join if you are not yet a member !!
Need an Order of Magnitude More Resources over the
Next Five Years Focused on the
Highest Priority Areas: KBAs, AZE Sites,
CR and EN Flagship Species
The Critical Role of
Zoos&
Aquaria
Globally threatened species (CR, EN, VU)
Restricted-range species
Congregatory speciesBioregionally restricted species
Biodiversity Conservation Secures Potential Ecosystem Services
Biodiversity Hotspotsand
High-BiodiversityWilderness Areas
Potential ESV
23% 42%58%
15%8%8% 15%Intact
habitatLosthabitat
Globallandarea
Biodiversity Conservaiton Secures Realized Ecosystem Services
Biodiversity Hotspotsand
High-BiodiversityWilderness Areas
“Realized” ecosystem service value(Potential ecosystem service value * human population)
23% 52%48%
15%8%8% 15%Intact
habitatLosthabitat
Globallandarea
Biodiversity Conservation in Hotspots and HBWAs
Secures Realized Ecosystem Services
Biodiversity Conservation in Hotspots and HBWAs
Secures Essential Ecosystem Services
Biodiversity Hotspotsand
High-BiodiversityWilderness Areas
“Essential” ecosystem service value(Potential ecosystem service value * malnourished children)
23% 61%39%
15%8%Intacthabitat
Losthabitat
Globallandarea
HOTSPOTS HUMAN POPULATION
1,959,100,000313,000,000
within 10 km of protected areas
378
0
In Summary
Real Win-Win Opportunities
MADAGASCAR
The Durban VisionA Commitment to
tripleProtected Area coverage
MADAGASCAR
1,750,000 haNew Protected Areas
declared sinceDecember, 2005
Key Biodiversity
Areas (KBAs)
KBAs
Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites
AZE Sites
Single sites that are the only home to CR and EN
species, the loss of which will result in the
extinction of those species
Target 15a:Current Version:Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems that provide critical services, and ecological resilience or that contribute to local livelihoods and climate change adaptations have been safeguarded or restored, and adequate and equitable access to essential ecosystem services is guaranteed for all, especially indigenous and local communities and the poor and vulnerable.
Suggested Change:Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine biodiversity that provides critical services, especially for the poor and vulnerable, that build ecological resilience, or that contribute to local livelihoods and climate change adaptations is safeguarded or restored through networks of effectively managed protected areas and other means
Target 15b:Current Version:Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems that provide critical services, and ecological resilience or that contribute to local livelihoods and climate change adaptations have been safeguarded or restored, and adequate and equitable access to essential ecosystem services is guaranteed for all, especially indigenous and local communities and the poor and vulnerable.
Suggested Change – part 2:Adequate and equitable access to essential ecosystem services through active participation of indigenous peoples and local communities, especially the poor and vulnerable, is strengthened.
Target 7:
Current Version:All areas under agriculture, aquaculture, and forestry are managed according to sustainability criteria.
Suggested Change:All areas under agriculture, aquaculture, and forestry, or subject to mining and energy production, are managed according to sustainably criteria, including through the development and adoption of certification schemes or offsets
Health context
The Guayana ShieldWorld’s Largest and Most Pristine Tropical Rain Forest Region
2001
2002
May 2006
Dec 2006
2010 and beyond
Ecosystem Service Values Hotspots and HBWAs
Climate RegulationREDD+
Virtually all of the forests that will benefit from REDD+ investments will be within these areas
$3.5 billion in commitments at Copenhagen
Total potential - $30 billion over the next 10 years?
The Guayana ShieldWorld’s Largest and Most Pristine Tropical Rain Forest Region
GuyanaLow Carbon Development Strategy
$250 million / 5 years from Norway
Suriname Green
Madagascar - Mantadia corridor
Objectives:Reduce carbon emissions,
conserve native biodiversity,enhance human welfare andrestore degraded land
Conservation (REDD) and Ecological restoration (reforestation):REDD: 425,000 hectares
World Bank BioCarbon Fund to buy up to 430,000 tons for ~$1.5 million
REDD+ is immediate
REDD+ a major opportunity for funding some of our highest priority areas
for biodiversity conservation
REDD+ even a mechanism for addressing some of the great economic imbalances
that exist in our world
Linking the CBD & UNFCCC
EcosystemService Values
Hotspots ~$1.5 trillion / year
EcosystemService Values
HBWAs ~$2.3 trillion / year
High Biodiversity Wilderness Areas
and…. as it turns out, these areasalso happen to have some of the
highest ecosystem service values, and are thus especially valuable
in terms of human well-being – providing us with many potential
Win-Win Situations
Getting the biodiversity targets right- working for sustainable development
6th Trondheim Conference, 1-5 February 2010A New Vision for Biodiversity Conservation
Dr Jane SmartDirector, IUCN Biodiversity Conservation Group
Head, IUCN Species ProgrammeSSC Focal Point
Yes Minister!
IUCN’s position on a new CBD Strategic Plan
What should the CBD Strategic Plan say?Please pick up a copy of IUCN’s positionRevised at SSC Steering Committee meeting 27-29 January, Caracas, VenezuelaTo be finalised soon (Feb 2010)Trondheim – perfect timing!Submitted to SBSTTA, Nairobi, May Refined for CBD COP10, Nagoya, Japan, October
IUCN: Biodiversity conservation – for all the reasons
Provisioning: food, water, fibre, fuel, medicinesRegulating: climate regulation, water, diseaseSupporting: primary production, soil formationCultural: spiritual, aesthetic, existential, religious, recreation, education, wellbeingAll of these have economic valueIntrinsic: nature has value in its own right
Biodiversity + ecosystem services
IUCN urges continuing recognition of ‘biodiversity’ as the variability within and between ecosystems, species and genes (Article 2 of the CBD) Benefits come from biodiversity as a whole, not just the ecosystem level. The Strategic Plan should include and embrace all components of biodiversityFor the benefit of all life on Earth
Biodiversity loss continues…
60% of Earth’s ecosystems have been dramatically transformedOver the past 100 years, humans have increased species extinction rates - up to 1000 timesThis rate is increasing...
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™
Threatened and at risk of extinction worldwide:22% of the world’s mammalsNearly one third of amphibiansOne in eight birds27% of reef building corals28% of conifersAnd more .....
Biodiversity trends (IUCN Red List Index)
AmphibiansMammalsCorals
In the absence of conservation action, the number of bird species predicted to go extinct globally would be greater than observed. The blue shaded area between the two lines from 1900-2006 represents the positive impact of conservation measures. The top horizontal line illustrates the number of species expected to be in existence in the absence of human activities. (Rodrigues, 2006, Science)
Protected Areas work!
80% of 86 Protected Areas in the topics have stopped or reversed habitat loss
Bruner et al. (2001) Effectiveness of parks in protecting tropical biodiversity. Science 291: 125–128.
State of ex situ conversation of plant genetic resources
Geographic distribution of genebanks with holdings of >10,000 accessions
More than 1.4 million germplasm accessions have been added to ex situ collections, total number now conserved worldwide to 7.4 million, representing significant genetic diversity of major crops conserved
Source: FAO Second State of the World report for PGRFA, 2009(draft)
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a last resort safety back-up repository of genetic resources to safeguard humanity.
Source: WIEWS 2009; Country Reports; USDA-GRIN 2009
So how can we scale up, and mainstream this kind of success?
A Vision for 2050Biodiversity is conserved and restored, to secure a healthy planet and to deliver essential benefits for sustainable development and the well being of all people and nature
IUCN believes that a 2050 Vision should aim not just to halt loss of biodiversity but also comprehensively restore the populations, habitats and ecological cycles that enable biodiversity and ecosystem services to persist A forty-year time horizon is appropriate for such an aim
Mission for 2020 - post 2010 target
Post-2010 target should take account of biodiversity and ecosystem services and human well-beingFormulated as a level of change rather than a rate of change (maintain levels rather than reduce the rate of loss)
Mission for 2020 - A post 2010 target
To have initiated by 2015 the necessary urgent and concerted actions to address the threats facing biodiversity, with a view to halting biodiversity loss by 2020, and starting to restore its integrity and variety, thus ensuring the continued provision of its goods and services, preventing irreversible environmental change, and avoiding any change that has dangerous consequences for humankind and other life on earth
Logical sequence: 2015 becomes the due date for having initiated the necessary actions to address the drivers2015 is also within political cycles of currently elected politicians2020 is due date for achieving the Mission
(Short and snappy) Mission for 2020:Stop global biodiversity loss by 2020
Scrutinise Progress in 2012 = Rio + 20 milestoneIn depth review of progress in 2015Synchronise with 2015 reporting against MDGs
Framework for 2020 targets and indicators
CBD has proposed 20 targets in four categories Targets should be formulated according to a Pressure (encompassing Drivers and Threats)—State—Benefits (or Impacts) —Response frameworkAs recommended by Reading Workshop, July 2009 (SCBD, UNEP WCMC)Benefits rather than Impacts
Targets for 2020 should:
Include targets for restoration, as well as ecological and biological connectivity Address the need to ensure that the most important areas for biodiversity are conservedEmbrace all biomes and all taxonomic groups
IUCN proposes 22 targets for 2020
Rockström et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity
Target 3:
Current Version:Subsidies harmful to biodiversity are eliminated
Suggested Change:Perverse incentives and subsidies with significant harmful effects on biodiversity are reduced and ultimately eliminated
Target 5:
Current Version:Deforestation and forest degradation, and the rate of loss and degradation of other natural habitats is halved
Suggested Change:The destruction and degradation of natural habitats and ecosystem integrity is halted
Target 6:
Current Version:Pressure on marine ecosystems through overfishing is halved, and destructive fishing practices are eliminated
Suggested Change:Pressure on marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems through overharvesting is halted anddestructive harvesting practices are eliminated
Target 9:
Current Version:The introduction and establishment of invasive species has been prevented and emerging infectious diseases of wildlife controlled
Suggested Change:New introductions of invasive alien species are prevented, currently established alien invasive species are identified, prioritised and accordingly controlled or eradicated, andemerging infectious diseases of wildlife controlled
Target 11:
Current Version:At least 15% of land and sea areas, including the most critical terrestrial, freshwater and marine areas, have been protected through effectively managed protected and/or other means, and integrated into wider land-and seascapes.
Suggested Change:At least 50% of the planet, including all terrestrial, freshwater, and marine key biodiversity areas, protected through networks of effective managed protected area systems and other means, and integrated into wider land- and seascapes.
More on Target 11:50% is high! – but suggested by respondentsWould include IUCN PA Categories I – VIAreas which have potential to be under REDD Other areas receiving payments for ecosystem servicesAll governance mechanisms: public sector, indigenous reserves, local
community (e.g. Satoyama Initiative areas) and private nature reservesSeeking feedback from Trondheim…
Target 12:
Current Version:The extinction of known threatened species (vertebrates and higher plans) has been prevented by ensuring that all such threatened species protected in at least one site
Suggested Change:The extinction of all threatened species in the wild has been prevented
Target 14:
Current Version:The contribution of biodiversity and terrestrial, freshwater and coastal ecosystems to sequestering and retaining greenhouse gases is enhanced
Suggested Change:The value of the contribution of biodiversity to sequestering and retaining greenhouse gases is recognized, and mechanisms are put in place to increase biodiversity-based climate mitigation efforts
Target 20b:
Current version:Capacity (human resources and financing) for implementing the Convention has been increased tenfold
Suggested change:Each OECD Party contributes at least 0.2% of GDP to national biodiversity conservation measures in addition to 0.7% for development assistance
Linkages to the Programmes of Work
It is essential to ensure that targets for the Programmes of Work are aligned with the targets of the new CBD Strategic Plan
e.g. Global Strategy for Plant Conservation; Programme of Work on Protected Areas
Each Programme of Work should clearly state which targets it will contribute to in the Strategic Plan
All Programmes of Work to include specific targets
Development of post 2010 indicators to measure progress against targets
Choice of indicators will depend on the choice of targets – aparallel approachMeasurable and scalable: local, national, global levels
An informed electorate
Species Of The DayFor IYB; sponsored by UNEPSee www.iucnredlist.org
Top five points: Timescale: 2012 scrutinise progress; 2015 mid term review; 2020 Mission: Stop global
biodiversity loss by 2020- to reach 2050 VisionImportance of logical framework for targets and indicators: Pressure (Drivers and
Threats)—State—Benefits —Response Linkages between Strategic Plan and Programmes of Work Beyond the conservation community – an informed electorate Critical importance to establish targets that call for what is necessary – not business as
usual – OPTIMISTIC AND AMBITIOUS !
High Biodiversity Wilderness Areas