The ProvisionalGovernment then the Bolsheviks -

Revolution then Civil WarMajor Players 1917 Communist Revolution

Russian Revolution Many Small Revolutions

In response to Russia’s defeat on the front, Czar Nicholas II was dethroned in the first stage of the revolution in March 1917

A new government of mixed liberal-conservative complexion came into being. (ProvisionalGovernment)

As political deadlock and defeats on the front WW1 continued, the socialists gained in popularity and their radical wing, the Bolshevik party, under Lenin, called for immediate peace and apportionment of land to the peasants.

In November 1917, the Bolsheviks seized power. The new government concluded an armistice with Germany in

December 1917 and a separate peace treaty with Germany in March 1918, but slid into a protracted civil war with its opponents.

Provisional Government in 1917 Ruled for Eight Months

Provisional GovernmentAlexander Kerensky, the Russian Socialist revolutionary leader and premier, who was later exiled by Bolsheviks, salutes and reviews his troops as leader of the Russian Provisional Government.

V I Lenin 

Lenin was the main theoretician and practical leader of the Bolsheviks. Returning from exile in April 1917, it was Lenin who called for an insurrection in 1917 and led the Party to power.

After an asasination attempt and a stroke he is incapacitated

Lenin in March 1923, and he

finally died on

January 21 1924.

Lenin

Lenin was one of the leading political figures and revolutionary thinkers of the 20th century, who masterminded the Bolshevik take-over of power in Russia in 1917, and was the architect and first head of the USSR.

Assassination attempt in 1918 greatly weaken Lenin physically.

Lenin withWig and Beardless1917

Altered Photo ?

October 1917 Revolution

Actually Two Revolutions in 1917 the First One wasWon by the White Army the Second byThe Red Army

Socialists versus Communists

October Revolution led by Lenin

Trotsky in October Revolution

Lenin had His strength and Will Power till the end.

Inflexible will-power, his sense of responsibility, care for the future of his country further development of the Land of Soviets let Lenin work right up to the end.

Lenin had the strength to overcome the suffering inflicted by his disease, and to accomplish that which seemed beyond the bounds of human possibility-to create in just a month and a half an entire collection of outstanding works despite his serious ailment.

Trotsky Formed the Red army

Russian Civil War... (1918-20), conflict in which the Red Army successfully defended the newly formed Bolshevik government against various Russian and interventionist anti-Bolshevik armies.

White Army versus the Red Army

Women of the Red Army - Russian Revolution - October revolution - Soviet Power - Communism -Bolshevik Party

The United States intervened in the Russian Civil War between 1918 and 1920. The stated objectives of the intervention were to, assist the Czech Legion in Siberia, reopen the Eastern Front against the Germans, and support democratic forces in Russia. 

Red Army in the Russian Civil War

The architect of the Red Army's formation was Trotsky who was appointed People's Commissar for the Army and Navy in March 1918 and remained in that position until 1925. 

During the civil war, the Red Army saw action on a wide variety of fronts, mostly in the south and east. Relying heavily on the Imperial Army's arsenals of weapons and drawing on food supplies and horses from the interior, it vastly outnumbered its foes. From 700,000 in 1918 to 3 million a year later.

The White Russian Armies 1917-1923

The White Russian forces would typically be formed from a remnant of the former Tsarist Army that had been kept intact by a combination of circumstance and charismatic leaders.

These were typically formed from a core of professional officers and non-commissioned officers who had only known a military life and were personally dedicated to their respective generals.

Lenin Led Bolshevik take over in October 1917. Ruthless Leader during Three Years of Civil War

Lenin was ruthless however he was also pragmatic

Shortly before his death started to oppose Stalin, Lenin one of the only ones strong enough to stop Stalin

The hammer and the sickle

Symbols of Communism The main ideal of communism is expressed through the symbols chosen to represent the movement. The hammer and the sickle (a farming tool with a hooked blade used to cut grain) are the two main party symbols.

The tools are representative of the industrial and agricultural workers, respectively. And, the combination of the tools illustrates the harmony of the two groups working together

Lenin's Last Years (December 1922 - January 1924)

1922

1923 1924

Civil War followed the Revolutions

SummarizeThe Revolution in 1905 was unsuccessfulThe first Revolution in 1917 was won by

the Socialist Provisional Government they stayed in power eight months

Overthrown by the Bolsheviks during the October Revolution led by Lenin, Trotsky

Followed by three years of Civil War – The Red versus the White

For Comparison the Costs in Lives the American Civil Was

The Price in Blood!Casualties in the Civil War

        At least 618,000 Americans died in the Civil War, and some experts say the toll reached 700,000. The number that is most often quoted is 620,000. At any rate, these casualties exceed the nation's loss in all its other wars, from the Revolution through Vietnam.        

The Union armies had between 2,500,000 to 2,750,000 men. Their losses, by the best estimates:Battle deaths:110,070Disease, etc.:250,152Total 360,222The Confederate strength, was from 750,000 to 1,250,000. Its estimated losses:Battle deaths:94,000Disease, etc.:164,000Total258,000

Deaths from Russian Civil War

Combatants – White and Red Armies where approximately 5 Million – does not include Allies and Central Power Troops (Germans)

Deaths from Battle: Red 125,000 White 175,000

• Deaths from Infection: Red 300,000• White 150,000• Total Casualties ~800,000 • For Excecutions Mostly by Red Army add 200,000• Add 4 million Deaths for Non-combatants due to typhus, typhoid

and Cholera

• Total Deaths Greater than 5 Million out of a population of 160 Million some Russian Historians put deaths higher at 8 to 10 million

Another Indication of the Scale of the Russian Tragedy was that there

were over Seven Million Homeless Children

Russian Civil War included Deaths at a tremendous rate because of MANY

factors including troops returning from WW2 spread all over Russia.

The Civil War was fought across the entire 5,000 plus miles of Russia.

Russia and Russian Have had more than their share of suffering!

In the seven decades following the Revolution, the Russian People have suffered from authoritrian rule, totalitarian politics, outbursts of terror and morbid distrust of its Neighbors.

The Old and the New Russian Army – The End Class Two