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ELEMENTE DE EXECUŢCONVERTOARE UTILIZ

ÎN CONTROLUL PROCESDIN INDUSTRIA ALIMEN

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Elemente de execu !e "#ctu#t$#%

R$lul elementel$% de execu !e 'n (t%uctu%# unu! R ) Re*ul#t$% EE )Element de execut!e EA ) Element de #OE ) O%*#n de execut!e T ) T%#duct$% P )P%$ce(r ) %e+e%!nt# c ) c$m#nd# u ) m#%!me de execut!e

m ) m#(u%# y ) !e(!%e v 1 ,! v 2 - .e%tu%/#t!!

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Elemente de execu !e "#ctu#t$#%•

Elemente de execu !e0 elect%!ce1 2!d%#ul!ce (#u .neum#t!• M3%!me de !nt%#%e0 (emn#l elect%!c de l# %e*ul#t$%ul #• M3%!me de !e,!%e0 de n#tu%3 mec#n!c3 "+$% e1 cu.lu%!&• Sc$.ul ut!l!43%!!0 m$d!5c3 (t#%e# .%$ce(ulu! 'n c$n+

#l*$%!tmul "le*e#& de %e*l#%e (t#/!l!t• Sunt +$%m#te d!n d$u3 .3% ! d!(t!ncte0

• elementul de #c !$n#%e "EA&0 t%#n(+$%m3 (emn#lude l# %e*ul#t$% 'nt%-un cu.lu (#u $ +$% 3 cu c#%e #c

• $%*#nul de execu !e "OE&0 !nte%6!ne #(u.%# .%$ce(ulu#c !une# +$% e! (#u cu.lulu! *ene%#t de EA

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Elemente de #c !$n#%e elect%!c•

Se +#ce cu elect%$m#*ne ! (#u cu m$t$#%e elect%!cec$nt!nuu (#u de cu%ent #lte%n#t!6• Elect%$m#*ne !0 #c !$n#%e d!(c$nt!nu31

m#te%!#l!4e#43 d$u3 .$4! !! (t# !$n#%e "'nc2!(-de(c2(t7n*#&8 T%ece%e# de l# $ (t#%e l# #lt# (e +#ce 'nt%-un

•

M$t$#%e elect%!ce0 #c !$n#%e c$nt!nu3 # .$4! !e$%*#nulu! de execu !e "6#ne1 (u.#.e etc8&• Ac !$n3%!le elect%!ce cu m$t$#%e (e 'm.#%t 'n0

• #c !$n3%! cu 6!te43 c$n(t#nt3• #c !$n3%! cu 6!te43 6#%!#/!l3

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Elect%$m#*ne !•

C$n(t%uct!60 $ /$/!n# B ,! $ #%m3tu%3 +e%$m#*net!c3 AF • A%m#tu%# m$/!l3 e(te 'n le*#tu%3 cu

(u.#.# $%*#nulu! de execu !e .%!n!nte%med!ul une! t!9e T.

Elect%$m#*netul e(te !4$l#t de $%*#nulde execu !e .%!n *#%n!tu%! de et#n,#%e8

Cu%entul de c$m#nd3 Ic #.l!c#t/$/!ne!1 dete%m!n3 c# AF (3 5e #t%#(3 'n !nte%!$%ul /$/!ne! .7n3 l# $ .$4! !edete%m!n#t3 de ec2!l!/%ul d!nt%e +$% #de #t%#c !e ".%$.$% !$n#l3 cu .3t%#tullu! Ic & ,! +$% # de46$lt#t3 de %e($%tulR 8

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Elect%$m#*ne !

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce•

D!(.$4!t!6e elect%$mec#n!ce ce t%#n(+$%m3 ene%*!# elect%mec#n!c3• Sunt +$l$(!te l# c$m#nd# $%*#nel$% de execu !e .%!n !nte%

%educt$% mec#n!c• Ex!(t3 6#%!#nte c$n(t%uct!6e de cu%ent #lte%n#t!6 ,! de cu%en•

Sunt c$n(t%u!te d!n (t#t$% ,! %$t$%8Statorul

e(te .#%te# 5x3 # u"!nclude c#%c#(#1 /$%nele de #l!ment#%e1 #%m3tu%# (t#t$%!c3 ,! 'n+3,u%#%e# (t#t$%!c3&8Rotorul e(te .#%te# m$/!l3 # "!nclude un #x ,! $ #%m3tu%3 %$t$%!c3 ce (u( !ne 'n+3,u%Înt%e (t#t$% ,! %$t$% ex!(t3 $ .$% !une de #e% num!t3întrefer

!m.$%t#nt #l .e%+$%m#n el$%& ce .e%m!te m!,c#%e# %$t$%

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce•

M$t$#%ele elect%!ce d!n c$m.$nen # elementel$% d+$l$(!te 'n !ndu(t%!# #l!ment#%3 t%e/u!e (3 'nde.l!ne#(cc#%#cte%!(t!c!0

• .ute%e# n$m!n#l3 e(te mult m#! m!c3 dec7t # m$t$#%#c !$n3%!le !ndu(t%!#le:

• *#m3 l#%*31 c$nt!nu31 de 6#%!# !e # 6!te4e!1 (c2!m/3%! de (en(u%! de %$t# !e:

• c#%#cte%!(t!c3 de %e*l#9 /!un!6$c3 ,!1 .e c7t .$(!/!l1 l• c$n(t#nte de t!m. c7t m#! m!c!8

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce .#( cu .#(•

C#%#cte%ul d!(c%et #l m3%!m!l$% de !nt%#%e .e%m!te $ (!(temele de c$nduce%e nume%!c3 "d!*!t#le&

• ;unc !$n#%e# <.#( cu .#(<0 m$t$%ul #%e 'n+3,u%3%!le#l!ment#te cu un (!(tem m- +#4#t de !m.ul(u%! d%e.tun*ten(!une ce dete%m!n3 $ %e.#%t! !e d!(c%et3 # c7m.ulu!

'nt%e5e%1 +#.t ce dete%m!n3 de.l#(3%! un*2!ul#%e (ucce%$t$%ulu!8 Num3%ul 'n+3,u%3%!l$% de c$m#nd3 .$#te 5 =1

• Pe%+$%m#n ele d!n#m!ce (unt cu #t7t m#! /une1 cu c7t .ute%d!men(!un!le l$% (unt m#! m!c!

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce .#( cu .#(•

C$n(t%uct!61 (e de$(e/e(c d$u3 t!.u%! de /#430• m$t$%ul .#( cu .#( de t!. reactiv 1 #67nd %$t$%uunu! c!l!nd%u +e%$m#*net!c d!n #t:

• m$t$%ul .#( cu .#( de t!. activ 1 l# c#%e %$t$%ul ed!n m#*ne ! .e%m#nen ! (#u elect%$m#*ne !

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M$t$#%e elect%!ce .#( cu .#(• Sc2em# de c$m#nd3 # unu! m$t$% .#( cu .#( cu.%!nde0

•

*ene%#t$% de !m.ul(u%!GI• d!(t%!/u!t$% de !m.ul(u%!D "+$%me43 (!(temulm -+#4#• /l$cul de %e6e%(#%eBR #l (en(ulu! de %$t#?!e• #m.l!5c#t$#%e +$%m#t$#%eAF• d!(.$4!t!6 de c$mut#?!e DC "%e#l!4e#43 cu.l#%e# (

decu.l#%e# 'n+3@u%3%!l$% de c$m#nd3 l# (u%(# de

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Elemente de #c?!$n#%e .neum#t•

t%#n(+$%m3 ene%*!# .$ten?!#l3 # #e%ulu! (u/ .%e(!unmec#n!c3 +$l$(!t3 'n de.l#(#%e# l!n!#%3 # unu! $%*#n de• A6#nt#9e0

• u!dul +$l$(!t "#e%ul& nu .%e4!nt3 .e%!c$l de !ncend• du.# ut!l!4#%e1 #e%ul e(te e6#cu#t 'n #tm$(+e%

nece(#%e #lte c$nducte (#u +u%tune:• (!m.le1 %$/u(te1 (!*u%e 'n +unc !$n#%e ,! nece(!t3 c 'nt%e !ne%e %edu(e8

• De4#6#nt#9e0• 6!te43 de %3(.un( m!c3:• .%ec!4!e %edu(38

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Elemente de #c?!$n#%e .neum#t•

Elementele de #c?!$n#%e .neum#t!ce (e %ec$m#nd3 # 5 'n u%m3t$#%ele c#4u%!0• tem.e%#tu%# med!ulu! #m/!#nt e(te %!d!c#t3 @! cu 6#• med!ul #m/!#nt e(te ex.l$4!6:• nu (e !m.une .%ec!4!e m#%e de luc%u:• !ndu(t%!# #l!ment#%38

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Elemente de #c?!$n#%e .neum#t

ES ) element (en(!/!l1 AP ) #m.l!5c#t$% .neum#t!c1 SP ) (e%6.neum#t!c

TP ) t%#duct$% de .$4! !e OE ) $%*#n de execu !e

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Elemente de #c?!$n#%e .neum#t!ce1mem/%#n3•

C$n(t%uct!6 (unt +$%m#te d!nt%-$ c#.(ul3 m#n$.%e6#4ut3 cu $ mem/%#n3 M (!tu#te de#(u.%# unu! d!(cD ($l!d#% cu $ t!93T ,! un %e($%tR ". c ) .%e(!une de c$m#

• Ae%ul c$m.%!m#t #.#(3 #(u.%#mem/%#ne! 'n6!n*7nd %e4!(ten?#%e($%tulu! #nt#*$n!(t ,! #.3(7nd

t!9# 'n 9$(• În +unc?!e de .%e(!une# #e%ulu!c$m.%!m#t1 .$4!?!# t!9e! 6#%!#43c$nt!nuu

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Elemente de #c?!$n#%e .neum#tcu .!(t$n•

Se ut!l!4e#4# #tunc! c7nd e(te nece(#%3 $ +$% 3#c !$n#%e # $%*#nulu! de execu !e ,! (unt nece(#%e dem#%! #le t!9e!

• Elementele cu .!(t$n .$t 5 execut#te 'n d$u3 6#c$n(t%uct!6e0

• cu $ +# 3 # .!(t$nulu! #ct!63• cu #m/ele +e e #le .!(t$nulu! #ct!6eT ) t!93

R ) %e($%tP ) .!(t$np c ) .%e(!une dec$m#nd3