+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Safari 176

Safari 176

Date post: 30-May-2018
Category:
Upload: india
View: 223 times
Download: 0 times
Share this document with a friend

of 64

Transcript
  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    1/64

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    2/64

    _h,fi

    fiL

    _

    WWH

    MW{fi

    WWH

    ,,fifi

    WOL,.

    HVfi

    ,fl,.

    ow

    12_fi_

    fl_ w.220. fl _w.1,500

    24_fi_

    fl_w.440

    www.safari-india.com

    -

    [email protected]

    fi,L

    [email protected]

    hTflfi_flfi_

    WOL,212-215,

    fi__-3,flfi,fl_,,

    -380006.

    fifi_26461698/66056050

    hTflfifi_fl.

    Printed and published by Nagendra Vijay for

    Harshal Publications. 212 to 215, Anand

    Mangal-3, Opp. Core Biotech, Near Parimal

    Crossing, Ellisbridge Ahmedabad-380 006.

    Printed at Allied Offset Printers, 14/2, Kalidas

    Mill Compound, Gomtipur, Ahmedabad.

    Printer, Publisher & Editor: Nagendra Vijay

    Owner: Harshal Publications

    Registered with the RNI. No. 38380/80

    Lfl2009-1930

    _fi_176

    ;f+5ffnsgff[ 5fTf

    Lfl2009fl1

    rfl_ _ _fi _ fH fl fl j fiflH _ fi. fifi fl CH fl^ fl , fl_fi _fi_ ZH fi fi. j _fi_ _ flH _

    H -- _fi fi j_ fi.ifi_ . z Zhfi V @fi flflfi fl S_ _ flQfi fi. z _ __ fl _fl fi_ fi _ fl_, fi Z h_ Ifi_ fl_. @fl fi_ zZh H S_, H fl fi fifl-_ fi fl . fi fl@ fi I fi K, T _ fi_ fi fl_. 1980 fi _ fi @fi Wflfi _ _hfi fi _ _ _, fl fi Ifl fl H fl fl fl _fi_ T_.

    ififi fi @fifi Zh fi_ fi V

    _fi fi fi fi fih VLfi Q " 1769 _ fl_h K -fi V-

    fifl flfl_ z _ . "fi fi V _ flfl fl Sfi Vfl fi, F Vfifi 1814 _ V Lfi flSfi fl fi S fi 1884 _ fi_ fi fl _ V fi fiT_,H _ fi fl fi Sfi CflCfl fl. fl_hfi h fi fi fi fi fl fi. fiflfi_ _h_ fl H fifi fiflHfifi u_--fi _ _fi Vfi fi _.

    fifi L{ 1885 _ fl flflfi H fl T

    fl flfifl . K fi fl fi flfl 810 ,170 _, 110 MV, 100 Sfi 60 flOfl . - _fi Q fi fi H .flflfi_Ifi {fi_ zfi Y_ fl_ flz_h flflF\ L.

    @fi L{Vfi fi. "@ fi fi fl 1947 _ L{Vfl fiT _ fi fi VfiSfi fi . Sfi fl _ fi_ fl .1959 _ " S L{Vflfi Z w _ fi 1971 _L L fl fl fiT_ . flH QMfl, ,

    Q@ V, fi, fl, fl fi Wfl@ L. fi z h L{Vflfi fi T.

    fifi fi _hfi MV (1911); {fi (1928); Lfi(1930); fifi (1937); {fl (1938); Mfl (1939); fl (1957)fl H Vfl { M . fl 1971 @ . ^fi fi fi Tk (. .CD fi DVD) fl_ , H flMLfi _h fl fl fi. _ Z fl fi _fi _ ? fi. fifi@fi, u , fl@, u{fi flfl V @fi fi _ . ifi

    I_ j _ _fi fi fl | fl .--W WH

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    3/64

    df+tfjif

    2flLfl2009

    vf+s gf+p !

    flfi _ fi_. 175 fl--fi fl fl. fl_ @"fi_ _ _ I flfi fi_fi C.fi Lfi _ . Lflfi fl H Qfi

    _fl u , fi ZHfl_ @ . fl_ ifi_ fl _ wfl fi.H fi o_ fl, H V fl_fl Ifl , fl_ fi __ fi fl H fi ^ . _ flfi fi . uV_ fl_ - fl

    fl_ fl^ fl_ fl fl . kfi fl@ fiH@_ H fl fl .uV fi_ flfifl fi fl _

    flfi zafi_ fi H.". fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    4/64

    Lfl2009fl3

    _fifi_fl

    *****/176?

    Hfi_

    ifi-ifififi_fi

    fl_fl...

    ...fi_176 _

    (_)w__

    flflLfl!

    fi

    _fiflflfiflfi_

    fi_flfiS_

    176

    fi_flfl,

    ifi-ifififlfl!

    \fi_4

    fl-175 fi L Q fi fi hH {fi fifl flL fl, @fl-4, _fifl; _fi , W , flfi flH, ". fl fl,

    fl; , HH, fi , fl , flH T, fifl; , _CH,H; , , , ; H, , E; fl, fl , _u, a fl fl, w, _ V H, Q _, fi , _fi , fi,fl; fi , H, H; fi flH, fl; , fi fl, fl;". fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    5/64

    6flLfl2009

    O df[yf[df[Lhs O

    vfdf[Lzsfgfl zfhdfcf[zdff+!# gff vff+s0fgff[ dfLcdff

    fl _ flfi fi flfl fifl _Y kfi fl fl fi fl fiflflfi fl B Hfi . flGreat Seal of the United States

    fl H fi V fl_ fi . _ fi

    \ \ , H fifi 13 fi _fi Lfi L Y_ .

    flH kfl flflfl fl \vfi_ Q fl_h . fl Z H __ TZfi _ , fi13 __ . __ fi _H fl _ 13

    O 8[s~gff[,ff[Lh O

    5f;f:gf,f sd5if}8zgfl 5fc[,ff+ hgdf[,ff dffP;fgff[ $) dff[ hgdfLnjf;f

    _

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    6/64

    FOR YOUR INFORMATION

    Lfl2009fl7

    . "flflfi_ fl QMflfi L H -fi_ fl_ fi.

    B L fi _ 1 fi_ T_ ,fi fl_ MJfi hH fl . _fi fi_

    fi hH fi fl_ \_ fi. fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    7/64

    8flLfl2009

    QJ:gfl tfdffdf jf{LXjfs dffufgf[ 5fcf[+rfl

    jf/jff ;ff[,ffz vf[gfG:gf[ tffzjftf]+ ;fdf]ndf+yfgfgfjf]+ ;f+xff[wfgf

    _fi flfifl fifi_ fi " ("fi fi L{fi), fi wfl

    1881 _ L _ fl^ fi fl_ fl .

    r _F-16 fi fi _ Delta fifi_ fl H fiflfi ofi fifi fl fi _fiMQ_fi flh H . _ fi fl S 14fi fl Bfi __ - fi fl fl .

    k,

    "fifl flfi fi--fi @ H "fifl fifi. @fi _@ Ocean ThermalEnergy Conversion/OTEC/ " fl .

    fi Vfl flfi Wfi " fi_ _L{fi fi w _flflfi Mfi . "fi_ _ h _

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    8/64

    Lfl2009fl9

    flfl I fl fl4,350 fl fi H fl fi fi

    125 fl afl_ H fl . WH_fi _ 6 fl flfl_ fl . fi_

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    9/64

    10flLfl2009

    . fl _fl_, H I_

    fl fl

    L ffi. fi wfl H fi_ fi fi .flH *fi Mfi fl fl H fl_ fi T. fl.

    Mfifi 1930 _ *fi W F @_ . Mfifi flH

    fi Hfi @ _, _ H Sofi fifi_ flfi_ VM_ _. fifi fi H fl. _ "fi ML flfi _. fi_ flH I_ fl fi fi L{fi B

    . ML 22 " fl, fl_ fi

    fl MLfi__h _ fl .fl fl fl fi . Cb_

    flfi .F @ Tkfi fl fi {fi_ Vfl_ . _

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    10/64

    Lfl2009fl11

    _ 35 " fi"fi Q fi fi fl ,

    flB fl15 "fi fl . >__,fi "fi Z 30 ,fi _fl H _ H fl ,fifl fi fl_fi _. ML fi_ fi L fl_fiw fi 120 "fi_" VM_. fl 40 "fi ML fl fifi C , HflQfi fi Cfi fl 20 "fl fi fi fi.

    ofifl fi fi 20"fi " ML

    fi fl . fi_ _fl fi . fifl fifi fi 77 wfl fl fl fl , S Cfl jfi V fl . flfi

    flfl "ML L fl_ fi Ufl _fl . fi fl M { fl M fl. " fi 8 " fl fi_

    fi fl_ . fi L ffi

    fi W AIWH_ fi fl_ fi_ "fi

    fi L{fi/OTEC fl_ w_fl fl ?w_fl C E _fl . fi @{ /closed cycle , fi/open cycle fl . Lfi F @ 1930fi _ fi fl,H Ifl @{ fi. Lfifi fl fl .

    @{ flfi ofifl fi_ 20

    "fi " ML @{fi , _ _ E _fl C fl Sfl . Cfi fl flflH fl fi fl .fi w fi fiflfi o flH_ Vw fl . fl fi Qfi fl fi fl fl _ , F_ fi _ fl

    fi_ WHfi 260

    S . (\, \fi). fiflfl Qfl_ . Qflfi flfififl_ fi_ fl H , fi _@ fifi fl_

    fl _ . fiflH flQfi I 327 fl fl ,VflH fi fl_ w 1,000H B fl . fiH fl_ fi _ fl b_ fi _T fl z

    fiflfl fifi fl _ fl .(Wfi fl H_ _ fi_ 260

    Sfi _ H flQfi 200 S

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    11/64

    12flLfl2009

    , _ fi _ Vw H T_

    _ fi. Vw_fl

    800 fl fifi o flE LLfl fl Qfl_ .

    fi _ T_ LLflfi H _flfl fl_ \ fi. h fi LLfl flfififl_ 60 Sfi oHfi_ fi . fififlfi fl fi fl fi . flfi fl fl fi_flH , fifl o Hfi_fi fi @fl 100

    S . flQfi Q fl @ fifl flfl Qfl_

    , I_ fl-fi_ fl H fiHfl VflH flfi _ Vw .fifi fi fiflflfi Cfl H fi, "fififl_ fifi fl .

    fl fl fi fl wfl fi. fi _ \_ H .

    fi _ flfifi _ fl fl \ . fi _

    fi flofi fi,

    flH _ @ fl CV fi. _ flfi S .

    V -"fi "MLfi , fi @fifi fi fi . fl fi_fl H fl @ Qfl_ .(\, fifi ). flfl_ @ Qflfi 34,000 fl _H _fl . Qflfifl_ fi _ H MJfi

    flH_ 21,340 flfi(70,000 fi) fifl_ fl _ fi. _

    L . flH 1000 Sfi fi, Ffl fi fi@ Qfl_ fi Hfi_Ifi L 220

    S . fi fi_ fi 250

    260 S , Qfl_ V fl fl_w_fl . fl fi_ fl {fi

    flA fl fi V fl. _ H flfi_Vw _ fi. fi_. 2 _ T fl _ V_ H \ fl fl fio _ .

    k Hfi_

    fl_ fl_ .Hfi fi 1,600 H B fl H@fl fiflfl fifi C T LLfl_ . fl_ LLfl fl fifi , F_Hfi_ fi 50 S

    fl_ fl fi. LLflfifl fifl fl H _ fl, fl fl fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    12/64

    Lfl2009fl13

    fifi_ " _

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    13/64

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    14flLfl2009

    flfl 160 __ _fi fl fifl fl .

    fifi_ fi L fi_Hfi _ fl _ fl_

    h[jf[,f yflo La?8gf[ Biffz[ ;fuflz dfcfzfJ

    nL,f5fL;f+cgff[ sf[Lcgf}z clzf[ 5f0fjfl ,flwff[]

    _ L_ 1849 _ _ fi B- "fl

    _ n _fi_ Ufl _ fifl-fifl " 11 fi fl _ flHfi h T. VL ofifi fi_ H _fi fl _. Ffi fi fififl Ufl flfi fl flFfi fiflfl_ LLL fl

    fi fi _fififi o fi_V I fififi . V Lofi fi u fiS fl fl ._ _ fi_ fi _ h

    fi_ _, _fi fl_ _Hfi fl fl_fiH Sfi fi .

    Ffi fi H_ T 6, 1849 fifl < _ V fl *.fi_ fl fl,_fi (fi fl--_) flH_fi_ fi fifi_fi_ _fi, fl fl _fl, H, >, , fifl o flIfi, fi-_fi

    fi C, flfi fi fl,H _ j, Hfl fi fifi fi. fl_ flfi _fl_fi _Cfl_ _hfi flE flZ fl Qfi_flfi H _fi fi_ . S fifl fl, fi_ fi

    H _ _ _. fiflh fl fi, fl_ o H

    --fi o fifl_fl fifl .

    V Lofifi fl_ Tk TflL Y_

    fi Wfifl _, H fi W _ flfi fiflfl flH @flfi fi_ fiy *.

    fl E.fifi _ _ Wfi _fifl fi _

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    14/64

    Lfl2009fl15

    flQfi H fifl fi _hB L.

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    15/64

    16flLfl2009

    C fl fl_{fi fl fi S_fl_ u_.

    o flIfifi fl fl_{fififl I fi . fl fi flfl_ fl fl fififl . fiLfi {fl _ MVfi , _ {fi _ _ fiQfl 1, 1665

    fi fl_{fi . fi fi flfi_A_ fl_{ fi fi fi E T@ fl _ fi, H flA Ffi fififi _ o flIfi fl fi.

    fl_{fi flIfi_fl_ fifi flfi fiMfi fl Y fi_ fi 319.5 fl fi 279 fl _ _. Cb_ flfi fl fifl .

    fiK_ flfi_ fi _ 787.5 fl _. fi fififl L fifi HC flfl n fi T . o flQfi flfl

    flfi_ fi 508.5 fl _ C Q_. Ufln _ fi_ __ fl , H _H fififi fl fl _A_ fi, fl, H fl flIfi fl fi . fifl fl _ fl H_ _.

    fl fifi_ 1739 fl, fl_ Ffi

    fifl fl_{fi flQfi _u . 1707 _fi QI flfl fl fifl fl u fl_{ . H fi hH fi _ flT . k I fi__ fl. _ fi fl { fl , fl fl k flfi fl . Efi I_ Cfi Ufl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    16/64

    Lfl2009fl17

    fl . fi{ fi fi_ I fi V_h fl fl @ fi I_fi Vfi fi fi fl L . > fl

    . Hfi fi _ >__ flfi. flfifi fifl Ifl 80,000 fifi _ S fl T fi 58 S_fi _ T. fi _ H H .fi_flfi T fl flFfi V fi{--S fi fi H_ u_ fi fl fi I . fl fl E fi .

    fi fi fl

    Q I _ fl fiflfi u.flfi Ifl h fl, _ fi. Sfi S_, flfi _ fiL fi_ fi_ H _fi_-w_ {fl Y_ h fl_ fl_. L " Sfifi V_ A

    Sfi S _ fi fiflfi Lfifi @ fiy fifl. _fl Sfi fl Kfi M_. flfi _, fi o_ fi . fiflh@ fiflflfi_ . fi

    Hfi Y Q fl fi _ _ fi flfi_fi H V fl T . fifl S fl _ flfl .

    r flfl fl fi flfl fi fl V_fiK_ fifl fi HS H w. 30 flfi_ fi_-w_ fifl, w. 25 flfi_ flIfi, w. 9 flfi_ flfi fi _fi _fi, w. 4 flfi_ flIfi _ flfl_ fi w. 2flfi Sfi _ fl fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    17/64

    18flLfl2009

    fi_ fi_ flH_fi _ , Ffl flfifl _ fi fi fi flfi . 1813 fi_ fifl fi h _,

    H fl_ T fl fl V . fl fi fi u

    fi H E. V L ofi fi flZH M _ .flH_fi Ffi _ _ fi fl _ V. (fl_ Vfi_ ). fi_ _ HH _ _. fl_ fi h fi_ fl_fifl L, fi_ 1792 _ fi _ Ifl fi h flflH_fi fl_ 12 H fi . flfl

    flfi fi fl T flH_ fi _ Lflfi_ w *. fl 5,000 rfl fifi_ H flE_ fifi _ fl_fl C {fi fifi Cfi u. 1799 _ H {fifi fl fl _, Ifl Cfifi _ _. 1801 _ H fi Ifi_fi fl fl fl fi Ufl fl_.1820 _ H _ L , fi, fl, fl C,Ufl, t, fl fi fl fl _fi Ffi fl fl_ T_. (\, fi). S_ flQfi

    V fl fi _ fl _T fi .flH_fi T fi_ W B _fl _. fl fl fl H fi fifl fi _fi_

    L . _fl

    flfi fl . Tfi fifl H

    . 1773 _fi QI fl ( I )fi h fi _ T.CfiVfifi k HL, fl_fiflfi kfi @fl fi H fl fi . fi _h flfi

    _ u_ fi fl_ fl flH_fi flfl E. _ fl Hfl B fi fi Ufl H .

    fl T .flH_fi Ufl fiCfiVfifi fl M _ _ fl H fl Z

    fifl fl . flH_ fl_fl fl, H fi _ fi fi *--fi fi fi fi Ifl flfi . >_ fl fififl flH_, Hfiflfi fi _(b_ h) T

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    18/64

    Lfl2009fl19

    flT _ @ I_ H flfi_ H Y__. kfi fl _ fl . fl fi fi_ fl . 1839 _

    _fi fi fi QI fi fi_ B_Ifl H fl fl_ Mfifi, flfi flflfifl Lfi _fl fi fi . _fi_fi fl _C_ flH_fi _ E , flHfl . Ffl fi flfifi fi flfifl _ _ _, H Ifl flfl fi fi _ fl fl . fl fl T@_fi flfi fiflfi fl fl fi . fi_ fl fl_ fl_. fi _ flfi

    fl . fl flH_fifi fi r h oflfi . ofl fifi flZfiT, H _ flflfi Qfl_ .

    flH_ fl ^fi 27,1839 fi fl_ QIQ F_ flfl 40 _ fl U . F_ fi fifi

    . fl_ fl flH fi _fl fl, Ffl fl fi _H_ flfl flfiV fi_-w_ _ fi_ _fi_ H flfl_ fi fi fl fl fi __ TV . Vfih fi, _ fl fl_ fi_ -fiflfi fi . flfi fl Ifi fl, fl fl, fl fi flfi fl _ . Bfi Ifl H H Ifi fl fiA_.h Lfi fifi _ fi_flfi

    Ifi _ _ fi *. Lfi L

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    19/64

    20flLfl2009

    flflfl _ _ _T . fl fl_fi_ E H_

    @ I _ fi Lfi fi @ flFfi ._ flH fi_ fifi_ _. t h fi. _fl _^ fl flfi fl _fifi _ fi fi,

    H fl fi M fl_fi __ . _fiL_ fl fi H ,fi fl Lfifi _ I . fifi fi Lfifi .

    V L ofi flflH_ 1809 _ fl fifi flfi

    __ _ fi_ fi _.

    fi flZ VZ H flfi fi . fi h H_ ofifi Ufl flfi ^ .flH_fi fi _fi fl _ _ _

    fifl-fifl fifl fi _ fl fi fi_A 17,600 fl fi. _ _fi flfifi _ fl fi_ fiy _

    Ifl fi fifl-fifl fi * fifi\ 40,500 fl fiA.

    fl fl flflfi HfiHfl _, H fiQfl, 1845_ _ fl 7 {fi flT. fl {fi_ fi 8,000 fi

    . fl flflfi _ fi . _ _ fi fl L>fi _A_ fi _ fl . fi _ fl _ fl. _ _ fi fl _ fi fl fl . fi _fl flflfi L Qfl 21, 1845 fi fl fi _fi, fifl fl _ Uflfi * fi j fl_ _.V L ofi w_ W fl u fi I_ fl fi fl . fifi _ fi _ Ufl

    fl 20, 1846 fi flfi fl_ U_. T H fl flflfiw flfi fiS fl,_ w fi flY fi fi fl Hfl flH_ _ F _ Ufl _ _.flHfi fi L_fi Uflfi_ _A

    C fi_ T_. V Lofi _fi flfl fi _, _ flF _ fiH fi T_. (\, fi.)fl fl _fi fi _fi flL Lfl fiQ.

    _fi_ VI fi fl_

    _ _Ifi V _ ,

    fifl-fifl fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    20/64

    Lfl2009fl21

    H fi fi Cfi \ fl S_ . _fi Lfi flF_ fl fi Lfi fl _ . V L ofifi Lfifi

    , _ flL ofi _h Cfi fl fi fl flH . Hfi fl HCfi w. 12,000 fl fi. flH_ (fifl_)Lfi fifl flfi_ _.

    V L ofifi Tfl _ L_fl _ T fi _ _ flH Y_, 1849_ w _fi_ \_ fiY_. H _ flfiflfi T n_ , F_ _fi 1,651 fi fi 602 fi . _

    fi fl fl . fl fi

    fi fi fifl-fifl Ifl fi *fi Lfifl Vfi . 30, 1849 fi flfi_ fl H

    _fi _ fi _ _. flH_fi Ffi_ VI _ fiA_.flfifi 29, 1849 fi fl fi

    flfi S_ flfl . fi _ flfi S . _fi fl fl S fl H fififi fi _fi fl Vfi _. flfifi t __T. VV _ fl _fi w_ _fifi I fi Ifl fl fi fifl flfi _ . fifl fl H fl fl

    V * _fi fl fl fi . _ fi H fi fl _ BLfi flH @flfi

    " n _ w fi_ \_ , H flH_fi Ffi _

    fifi S fi_fifi . fio _

    _fi fi, H fiH fi Vofi_ fi .

    fl flH_fi

    fl--_fi fi Ffi o L.W_ H fi fiL fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    21/64

    22flLfl2009

    _fiBL_fl

    H _fi { fi flfl fl u_.BL , F_ fl

    flfl fi AI I_ fl flfi 40,000Lfi_ Wb _

    _ M_. fl_ flH_ V .Ffi fi fi fi Ifi fi fi H _fi V _ * _. fiflfi _ @flfi I_

    . _fi flfl_ flfi_ "flfi VwH fi_ T_ _.fifl L_ T Ifl 787.5 flfi fl

    fifi , fl_ HT_ n flfi HC flflfl T fi_ fi 279fl _ _. flH C fl fi .

    fl fl@fl fi _T H H,H _ fl fifi _

    fl Ifl fi_ fi 186 fl _.

    BL_ flH @fl fl Ifl fi fi

    fi T. fiflfi 1851 fi @{fi_fi fl @fl fifl fi QVflfi lWH flLfl fifi flflfi T. U fi 9,000 L fi _ S_ fi ofififi fl fl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    22/64

    Lfl2009fl23

    . flfi -o fi flHIfl fi fl fl

    fi _ TV fl. fl fi. _fi_ F _ h_fl H .

    w_ H - o fi fififi fl fl. fl_ fl fi flH

    @fl _fi fl flfi__hH . B V flfi W flfi fl fi Z fl^fl @flfi Hfl fl, H _fl _fi fi . fi fi _ BLfi fi fi fifl H flfi V

    T . _ flfi S fi fi fl fi fl fi_ CHfi H . flH@flfi fi .

    o fi _ fi__ . fl flH

    fi fi _h U. Hfi _ fi_ , fi flI . fiH Y_ fl fifl . fl... flH@fl S. filW flfl T. fl fl .

    @fl fl _fi _ @,

    H fi _ _ E ufi fi_fi fl fl

    _ flH fi { fl. flH_fi fifi

    fi fl H 1849 _ , Ffl h10 fi H\ . 16 fi fl _ fi_V _ _ fi . fifl _

    T fi fi VIfiHfi _ H fi _ .@flfi o fi

    fi I_ fifi fl" fi o_flfi _ flfi_ _ _ _, Ffl _ fi flfl @flfi W fl fiA

    . @ Ffi flfi fl fi_ flH @fl _fifi L_h E .

    _ _fififlfi_ fifi _ Z fl

    ? fifl u fl C_H fifl fi? fifl V_ flfi ?

    fi_fi fl _fi_ Y_--fi Cfl _ fiflh fi yH H fi flfi

    fl fl .fi fi fl flfi

    L{ SflSfl fi _ _fi _ h

    i "@{Lfi @fl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    23/64

    24flLfl2009

    fl fi . flfl fi fl _fi

    fi fl fifl _. flH@fl fi_\ fl C fl. flfi H _ flfi fl , fi_V_fl fi H fi.

    fi_ V fl flfifl fi . fifl fl fi flH fi

    fl flfi. o fi Mfi yfi _ fl flfi fi _ H . fiflfi fifl fi _ b_ \_. H_. fiflb_ Vfl

    fl fl . fiflfi flfi S fiuI flHfi_ O Hfl T_. fl fl flfi .

    flH @fl fifl fi_ T@ H L. fl fi fl fi u . @flw_ 63 fl * _ L fl fifl

    fi, fl_ flHfi fi. @fl fi fl h @{Lfi fl_ M, H flF 1902 _ . 1911 _ fi flH "flfi _ fi Ifl 1937 _ flH {fi (fi flHfi fi) _ _T. { _ fl _ , HIfl fl " _fifi flIfi_fl_ M.

    flQfi fl _fi fifi_ _ fl _ fi _. flflfi H fl fl fl . Hfi _fl _ Ifl fl H flh A, fl_fi . 1861 _ Lfifi fl T. Lfifi _ fi fiF_ Ifl __ fi_ V fl fl fl fiY. Mfi @{L _fl fl_ flQfi fi Q Qfl fifi fi ,

    fi H Bfi *.BLfi flH_ fl

    _ _ Ifl fi_ _ V_ _

    fl fiA_. _ > fi_ b_ flfl fi . fi fiflfl . _ fl flfi_fiy * _ fi, __ flfl fi V V fl fiT. fl fiY. __ fi fl fl fi_ > h fl flfl E fi fi fi

    _fl fi _ . _fi_ Va,* H _ _ Ifl fi_ L_ V fi I_ "@fl 23, 1893 fi fl fl flfi_ fi Q.

    fl-- _ flH_fi Sflfi QI fi F_ HV Q. fi h fl flfifl fl--fi fl _fi

    fl H V fl h _fi fi .

    fi Q _ flfi fifl fl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    24/64

    aflp vf[dfp 5f]zf[Lctf

    fl W 21-12-2012 fi MJ fi

    _ fi fl fi . 2012fi Wfi

    fifi_S_ W H fi Lflfi fl fl u .

    2012fi fi flHfl ? fl fl

    Lfl2009fl25

    fi > _ fi fi_ . fl fi _ flHfi _ flH fi fl fi_ H fi, HIfl fi fi. fi_ flflH_

    fi H flfi _ fl h _fi_ fl.fl_ fl fifi

    fi Lfifl fl .@ fl fi h fl flFfi fi, H fl _ @ fl . fi_

    flH MJfi L _ fi _flflW fi P . fi fi __ flfi .

    fl _ fifl @ . 2012 fl

    H fl fl . H_ _fl fl fiA fi , fl fi fi. flfi (fifi fi fi) L fifl CHfl fifi_ Ifl VI flfi_ fi. Qfl

    21, 2012 S fl . fi fi rTfi fi H M h_ fl flfl ^

    fi . MJfi fiWfi_ fifi_ .k, flfi fl_fi. fifi C

    VWfi C_ fi Zfi_ . H _ _ w

    fl . Qfl21, 2012 fi

    fi -fi MJ fl Ifl k fl flZH

    Nigh = fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    25/64

    6flLfl2009

    ZH U fl _u . _H V 11 fi_ fl _ __ . _"fl Mflfl, fi e, flfi, "@fifi _, fifi_

    fi_flH, fi_ fl,flH_ fl Ffiflfi Sfl fl fi V V, {fl, L- flfi .

    Ifi Kfi_ fl fl fl_ fl fi. fl, fi, S, fiflL fi

    fi fi fi fl CH Pfi _ . Qfl 21, 2012 fi fi _ fi fi _ fl_ fiy * , { fi_ _ I_ fi fi F fi flfi| fl H I_ fl fi. flfi _ kfi flfl fl_ 40 , fi _fi

    fi fi fi_V V .fi fi fi_ @

    fl fl fi, H fl t I-Ifi,-Vfi l-_lfi --fi fl fi fi P fl _fi. Lflfifi Lfi flEnd of the world 2012 fl

    fi , Fflu fl fi fl @M . fi >__ rVw fl . fifi -"flL fi fl

    fi. Qfl 21, 2012 fl . fl fi fl flfi _ _ fi.

    fi fl ffi fl MJfi _fi ? Wfi fi fl,H _ fi fl .

    fi fl_ _

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    26/64

    Lfl2009fl27

    . . 1346-50 _ Mfi fl flfi _ fi fl fifi fifl_ H_ T fi fifi _fi fi_ fl _ _. fl_ fl fl , fl_

    H fi _ fi fi- fl . _ fl fi_ fl @ fl . flfi Tfi_ flVH _ B_. flfi _l -_fi . z H fiflfl fi fi w A , fl_ fi_ fiofi fi__. flH T_ flfi V fifl_

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    27/64

    8flLfl2009

    fi K flfi fi _Vfi Lfl fl L , _ Qfl 21,2012 Hfi fi fi. fi _->_

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    28/64

    Lfl2009fl29

    d V __. Hflfl 5,125.36 _ _.. . 3114 _ LongCount Lflfi fl_ , fi _ 2012 _

    fl. _V fi _ ALfl hH _, fi fi > _, K fi _ fi _ fifl _ _ _--fi_Vfi _ H

    _fi _ _Cfi . fi >_ _ Hfi_ Lfl Tzolkin _ _, Ifl Kfi Lflfi Haab fl fi _ _ Lflfi fi flk-tLong Count fi M__. flfi fit Hfi_ @_ T fi _fi fi _

    _ZM_ hH Lflfi_ . Tzolkin Lfl 260 fi _ _. _ H Hfl 10 fi H__fl, Ffl 20 fi _fi { flfiT . fi 20 fi fiy fl .fi fifl fi_fl13 fi , fi fl1 Hfl w fl .

    1 flfi, 2 ,2 H, 2 __, 2 , 2 C_Hfi 2 fi fi 13 fi\ flT .

    _ flfl _fiLfl __ ? __ Tzolkin VflQfi fi _fifi

    260 _ fi _Lfl _. _ flQfi C_ _. fl 20 13 = 260 H .

    Lfl" _ fl_ S. (\, \fi_ h). VI fi

    fl Imix fifi wfl fi 20 fi fifi fl fi 1

    w fl 13 fi _ flfi _ fi. h _T Imix 1 fl _ fl fifi_

    fl fi 13 fl 1 Hfl fl fl fl

    _o 260 _ fiy .

    Haab

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    29/64

    0flLfl2009

    fi fiflfi fl_ _ fl fi fl . flfi fl \ , fl \ 91 (91 4 = 364) _ fi S_ 1 _fi Mfi_ , fl 365 .

    \, 29 fi fl fl ). V fiWfi fl_ _ fi _ HaabLfl fl fl flfi fl"fl fi_ _. fi fi _ fi Lflfi T V .

    wflfi H _ h Lfl fl . L fifi_ Lfl S _ fi _ fl Cfi MJfi

    fi_ S H _. fiflfi_ Kfi Lfl fl L fi_ flH fl . Long Count Lflfi VI

    H fi fi fi L _ fl L. H _L_j fl fl Qfi h_ _fi Cfi fl u_ Long Count

    5,125.36 fi_Lfl _, _Hfi yHkfl . kin

    O fi 20fi uinal . fi fl uinal fi 20 18= 360 fi tun fi tun fi 360 20 = 7,200 fi katun fi. _ fi H fi 7,200 20 = 1,44,000 fi baktunfi. (\, flfi ). fl fi \_\_ _ _, fi fifl fifi fl_

    0.0.0.0.0 fl fi fl . 0.0.0.0.1 , flH fl__ Vfi _A fi I_19 fi _ fi . S \_ Vfi_ T 20 fi fi_, 0.0.0.1.5 20 5 = 25 fi0.0.0.2.0 fi 20 2 = 40 .

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    30/64

    Lfl2009fl31

    fi V _ fl "Lo * fl V fiH \ 20, 1969 , fl_ fi Long Count 12.17.15.17.0 . Q _ . . 3114 fi "Vfi 11 fl0.0.0.0.0 fi LLong Count flfi fl__ fi12 baktun, 17 katun, 15un, 17 uinal fi 0 kin V _ fl . fl fl _hfi fi

    flfi _ Hfl fifl18,56,140 L. fi L t fi _Vfi Long

    Count Lfl 13.0.0.0.0 fi fl . 13 baktun 18,72,000 , fi H flfi365.2420 5,125.36 . . . 3114 _ Hfifi fl_

    5,125.36 fi 3114 H _ 2012_ Lflfi_ fi . @{"@ fl Qfl21, 2012 , fi Hfi Lfl_ fi fi. L fifl fi H{fi fi * fi, flH fl18,72,000 MJfi , CH flVW fi fi fi_ fi .

    Qfl 21, 2012 fi fl fifi CH fi fl . _ V-flV fi Lfi fl fl_ .

    fifi fl-fl

    fi I_ _ fi . VWflH ffi _ H fl _ fi fl fi fl Cfi ?

    Hfifi_ __ fl fl fi _ tfi VU fi. h Long Count fiLflfi M fifi _. Mfi MJfi Mfi _ fi "

    Ifl VWfi

    fl k Lflfi M. fl k fiH flfl _ fi V--fi . flH

    fi_ Vfi _fi Qfifi fi fl flfi ofl _ fl_. fi H fi _ . _fi L fl fi

    -Hfi W H _fi, fl-fifi H fifi _fi fi.flflVfl . fl- fl . Ifl yflfi fi fi C| fl_ fl, F_ \ . fifi_ W flH H . V _ flfi fi. L flfi fl MJfi flH_ W -

    flH flHfi fifl_fl fl fi_ fi fifl_fl C_ fi MJfi _ . flfl 25,625 , Long Count fi flfl _ 2012_H fifi_ C| _fi , F_

    fi_ flHfi fl fl flHfi fl fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    31/64

    2flLfl2009

    5,125 5) . ,fi _ fl fi Lflfi_ fl fl_ _ . Qfl 21, 2012fi fl _fi Mfi fl

    , Ffl 25,625 fi_ H . flfi fi/apoca-

    ypse _ fi flfifl fi WH fifi fld Ffi _ @flfi flu . 2012

    Ifl fl. flfiVfi fifi Ffi_ Vw _fi, flH B Qfl fi fi _fl 30 fl fi Vfl H_ . _flfi_ _ flfi_ fi Ifl fl Hfi_Vw fl fi _fl 55 flfi dflw

    fl . dfl flfl fi hfi oflfl fl , flfi fi_ fi "S dflA_ . MJfi _ fi I_ kdflfi _ fi. fl Bfi fi fl fi_ .fifi Ffi fi _fl Qfl fi. Vflt fl P Vfifi F flfl 6,50,000

    fl fi fi fi flfi_ fi - fi _ VWfi fl . Sfl H fi 6,50,000 @flfi_ @_ .

    2012 fi Vfifi _fl Lflfi_ H fl . MJfi_ _ fi

    H @flfi . _ Vfl fi _ H_ H_ S_ 17 fl _kfl fi_ ZH fi ZH fi_ kfl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    32/64

    Lfl2009fl33

    s[58gf Ljfhif sf{Lxfs

    _fi "N fl fifi _fi flZ fl _ " fi ? "

    _ ? fl fi fi_ fi @fifi flU _fl ? _ fl fi tfl

    af],f[85?}o h

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    33/64

    af],f[85?}o h

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    34/64

    Lfl2009fl35

    af],f[85?}o h

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    35/64

    af],f[85?}o hflfi H Hflfi

    _ fl flZH fi flfi_ fi_ flT_

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    36/64

    Lfl2009fl37

    af],f[85?}o h

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    37/64

    af],f[85?}o h

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    38/64

    Lfl2009fl39

    af],f[85?}o h

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    39/64

    fl_ TVfi _ . T H . -fi fi_

    fi fi H . fiflfi TVfi _ flfi_ H fi, fl" _ _!

    effztfgfl 5fc[,fl (5f6 ef},ff>

    ufif[,fl) zf_ H, F_ H L@fi w fi _ fl " fiT_. _H _ _fi fl" _fi "L . u fl"

    __ u_ fi _ .-fi P fl

    V fl, "fl _ LV VfiVfi fl" fi fl. fi Tkfi_ L. fi _ . fl _fi

    flfi fifi fl_, flfl fi _ kfl fl154 fl Ifl

    fi Lfl _ __. fl _ H fi M fl _

    _ _. (\,fi). fifi fl fi fifl flfl 27 fl(88.5 ) _ .

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    40/64

    effztfgfl zf

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    41/64

    effztfgfl zf

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    42/64

    Q u e s t i o n s & A n s w e r s

    Lfl2009fl43

    Q

    flfi B "*fi flH fl ?

    fl . fl fi . , H, flLfifl

    A1993 _fi 2008 fi _fl fi fl" fl

    fifl fl fl_ W flfl 3.1 flfifl ;

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    43/64

    44flLfl2009

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    44/64

    Lfl2009fl45

    flfl_ 260 _ Vfi flfi fi fl _ o .

    Q

    fl_ C _ fi _A ? fl fl M _ fl CHfl fl ?

    fi fl , _, . ; flw,

    h, . H_; ofifl , rfl (), _;

    w, fl , _

    A

    fl fl _ CHfl fi_ flH (1) fl-_ fl 4,096 fl_ , fl fl M fl @

    fi. E V fl fl ,F_ flhfi fl_ fl fl .flfi fi H CHfl fl fi.(2) _ fi H flZfi BSF/fl @fl fi flfi fi fl_ fl H Z . _ flfi C . fl _ T@ flfi fifl fi fi_ V_ flflfi fl_ fi

    _ fl fi, flH fl_ fi

    fi_ _ _ _ .fl, flfl, fl fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    45/64

    46flLfl2009

    _ fi. fl k _ @_ ? k, flfi Cfl .

    fl CHfl H _fi fi _fl fl .

    _fi 294 fi 53 _ fi fi I_ fl _ fiy fl . fl_ 100 _ fi fl fl-fi fl . fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    46/64

    Lfl2009fl47

    fl H fi . _ fl _fi_ fl fi _ flF fl_ Lfi_flF_h fiflfi W ofl w_ _.

    Q fl"fi hH V_ fi_ flH_ Hfl fl .

    I , fl (), _; fl _,

    A

    flfl . fi fl"fiyfl _ _fi. _ Vfi _ ."L_ L

    H I_ _ fi k fi 5,000fl fi_ fl fi 50 flfi E_ . L . fl " fiHfl fi_ fiw , _flZ_fi ffi fi.

    (\, \fi ).flfi VMfiWfl " j LV LfiISTV 1890 fifl_ T_ fl"fi-hH y_ _ _flZfi @ fi.

    fifi fl fl" yfi_ . fl HT_ y fi

    5,000 flfi M fl 50flfi . fl"fi L y fi fl_ H 5,000flfi fi yfi 50 fl _ flH fl,

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    47/64

    48flLfl2009

    Q. ifi _ bfi_fi fl@ ?

    flfi . _fl, fl, .

    A. _ Hfi _ fi fl_ fi 90

    @ . j fiV wfl (flfi) _ _ flfifl LV . 1917 _ H fifi_ fiLfifi_ {_ fi fi fl fl T,fi Vw "@fifi b L.

    Q. fi __ k _ ? fi fl fi, flfl, fl

    A. fi _fi flfi 92 k

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    48/64

    Lfl2009fl49

    flfl . fiVjfifl_ fi vacuoles/flfi Zfi_ flH fi _ fl fi_ fi L flH fl fi . flH fi _ L{Q Oxydation/Vfi fi fi fi . _ fi fl L{Qfi, fi "@fi fifi_"@fi fl _ L .

    Q. fi fi__ fl T flfi flHfi ?fl _ fi L _, fifl,

    A. T Ufifi Cfl fl fi flZH fl fl fifi H, flfi . H\fi _ fi T T fi _ fi_

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    49/64

    50flLfl2009

    fi 61 Cygni fi__fl @ 10 fi fl T_. fi (flfi_ h) fl hH_ B/parallax fl .

    _ Q . fifi -_fl Lfl _ flfi -H _ flfl _fl Lfi __ _fi_ Vfi _

    H . _ fi, fi fiWH .

    fl _w 61 Cygni flfi

    _ fl V *. WH fl MJfi flHfi fl . _ (Lfl fi \_) Ffl MJ fi H fl H fl fi fl . fl fi _ fi, IflV 61 Cygni flfi @ H fi __ V .flH fl MJ _flZ_ A B Vfi Ifl fl 61 Cygni flfi fiZ H M. H 89.99991290 fi fi

    90.00008710 fi fi_ H fiK _. (\, flfi). Lfi Efi 0.00017420 fiT. fi MJ A B Vfi fi -MJfi H _flfi _T , 0.00017420 2 = 0.00008710

    fl fl fl fi . hHfi V fl _

    > _ -__, _ flfi_ U 11.4 _fi_ .

    fi_ fi _ @_ ?fl_ . fl, fl, fl

    fl_fi_.175(fl)

    Lflfifi_ Lfi fl ? . fi, flfl, fl

    fl_fi_.172(fifi_.48)

    fi fifi flfi flfi ?_fl flH, . . , . , . fi_

    fl_fi_.172(FYI)

    QMfl fl_ fi Ifl fi "fi fl_ w_ "fl _ w_ ?

    fl. , fl,

    fl_fi_.170(fifi_.44)

    fl fi fl/LHC fi fi ?

    flfifi, fi; , fifl; fi_ _ fi

    h, fl, E; fl_ flfl, H; _ , _fifl; _

    , { fi _fi , , . ; flfi fi, flfl_fi_.173(fifiL)

    flfi-flfi fi H h Vfi flfl __ fi ?

    fi . |, fifl

    fl_fi_.170(fifi_.48)

    O fi fi @ ? fl, fl H fi h, E

    fl_fi_.153(fifi_.53)

    5f]gfzfjftf:gf 5ffdf[,ff 5?Xgff[

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    50/64

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    51/64

    Lfl2009fl51

    Bfififi__fi@fi__Hfl. (fi_fi _fi S flfi_)

    . fi _A 12 16 . flfi fl "@ @ z fl , fi 25

    "Sfi "fl fl M . fifi flV fl fi flo fl fl .fi_ flQfi @fl flS fl Q fl fi fl fi _ flfl (13 ) fi. fi Tflfi Vfl , fi fl fi fl fi. fiCfi fi fi flflS fl fi

    Lfifl fl S fifi _fl fl _fl Lfl _h fl_T_. w fl b fiflS fi fl _Hfi V _, fi fl fi fi. fifl V__ TV

    T fi flS fl B. fi flfi_ fi , fl_ fl \__fl H fi.

    fifl Z ffi _fi . 23,000 25,000 fifi- _ fi_ L . fi_ VfiVfl "S fl, flS _ g_ _H fl@fl Vfi o H flfifl . fi V flfi

    16 O fi fi fl V_ 1,480 Lflfi_ fi. fi fi Lfifl flS fifl _fi_ _fi fl ZH fifi _ @fl--"@fl fi T_.flfiflfi fi _ flS fi fl I_ fl fi 40 flfi _flflfi o _fi fl_ _hfi_ fi

    _ T_, Ifi _fi afi _ fi_ _ fi _ @ fi.

    _ 1960 fi _ @fi flU_ _. fi fi o H flfl 1 flfi fl "fl ; - fifi H 625 fl "flfi . fifi 200 flfi flV{ H _ fl fi @fi _fiL @ fi . fifi Lfl

    1964 _ w - wfl flfi 60 flL-fi \ fi, H 1984 _ fi 275 fi fi Vfl 400 E. k Vfi_ fi 270 fl _ T.

    fifi _ S Hfl. fi, fl, L fi fifi _

    flfi flS fl fi{ . Vfi W fi, Hfi Mfifi flfl fl fi . fi Kfi_ fl fifi fi Lfifl L fl. @fi ffi fi . V @ flSfi fi _fi flfi _fi fi. _

    {fl fl fi fi{ fi, flL fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    52/64

    52flLfl2009

    fi fi * fl fi fi fi fl.

    @fi V _ Ifl flV fi VIfi fi H

    _ fi Ifi fl, fiflfl fi fi flfl LI Hfl fi ofi fi.fl_ fifi fi _ Efi_ flfi fl H__ ,Vfi H_ fi. fi fi fl C fl fi I_ fifi _ .

    @fi ffifi fl_ Lfi , H

    fi fl_ fl fl { fl TGV fififl_ 1981 _fl fi fl Ew . Lfi w fl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    53/64

    Lfl2009fl53

    fi _ eu 1960 fi_ _. fi-flfi fl w fi _ " u

    L fi L fi flfi fifl F. fi _ _ fl_ fi _ fl. flu fi _ _ fi fi_ fi oflfi @fi fl _ .

    fifi_ Vw flfi_ fi _ Q Ifl VW flSfi fl @ fi, HIfl fi A H L@flLfifl fi L Z @ fi H \_ flfi B. flfi flfl_ fl h bifi fl . H ufi -fi flH fi_ fl T_. _fl_ fi H SM_ fi _ Zh fl fl. fi Efi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    54/64

    54flLfl2009

    MLU-002 _, H fi fl fi I_V fi _ _ fi. k,fifi Bfi @fi fi fi, fi fi fl fi _

    fl. fifi fl Tk fi fl_H fi fi 43 flfifi _ H _K. fl 14,1999 fi fl V "w MLX-01 fi fi552 flfi {fi fi fl" VM. fi Ifl fiflZ fi fl _ H fl @ fi.

    fi fi H Bfifi fifi C fi k_Z @ .Lfl fl fi_ _ H 1977_ w *. 1979 _ Q fl

    L fl Ifl 70 Lflfi Lflfi Tk_ fi 75 flfi { fl_ T. fl flfi, fi fl I_ fl_ T. _ Lfl fl_fi _fl flfi fl Lfl tfi fi fi fi Z fiH fi . L flQfi fl Lfl fifl @fifi SH. V fi flZH 35 fl _ _ fiT

    fi 200 flfi fi _, fi

    fi 400 fl fi .flfifi K fl Lflfi T

    fi. fi_ H fi. h L{ fi fi _C fifl fi

    _C fl E { flS Lflfi "fl fifi M. Bfi fi 30.5fl _ _fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    55/64

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    56/64

    56flLfl2009

    { B flfl fi> fl fifi_ {-fi _ Ffl H fi Ifljfi fi fi E H H__ . fl_ fi

    {fi fl ; QMfl _fi fi _ fi fi fifi dflfi fl fi. - fifl _ fi H 10 fl fi fi U .

    Lflfi fi @fi fifi fi. Bfi fi H Hfi fi, fl_Hfi _ fiT . flH fifi _ ofl \ . - T flfiU flfi , _ fi fl _ _

    -H fl _ . (\, h fl_fi flflfi fi_. 2). _fi fl M fi. z_ fi. Bfififi fl fi 8 z_ fl fi H -fi_ _fi _ fl

    . _ flL@o . _ fiL fi 2600 Sfi fi fi fl, z flLfi h flfl_ fi. zfi V-" fl H flL@o z__ flL fl ._ Zh H I_ fi . @ V Qflfi OS {fl_ fi_ fi Lfifl z-

    _fi fi __ {_ fl_u_ . fi Q fl fi fi__ _ . fl_ fl-L@o Bfifi_ fi _ Zh fi_

    flfi _ fi u fl fl fi. _ Cfi _ fl . S@fl fl fi. xfi flfi_ fifi fl Hfl T_ fi H Bfi fifi fi. Lfl QLfiflZHI _ flfi_ wfl fi.

    fi fi fl . fi K_ -fi_ _fi fl M fi,_ fifi fl fi fl IflL@fifi fi H fi I_ __

    flL L fi flLfi _ Zh .@Bfi{fi _ _ _fi_ \_ _fi. o_ fi fl, _ Hfifl fifl fi Ifi fl ._ fifi

    . _ Zh fi12-15 Lfl fl fl . LflfiflH V fi .

    _ fi_ \_ fi w fiu_ . _fl fl fi, fi 17 fi fl_ K_fi. flL@o z_fl fl Ifl fifi_ ___ H e_ . L@fifi flfl flL

    fi fi _ Zh Ifl . fi w_ fi @ fi. fl_fi fi fi_. 2 _ T fl_ _fi_ fi fl_ u_ . fiH -" _ _ fi fi Hfl fl .

    fi fl _? /forward fi fl ? _ fifi fi fifi

    fi 581 flfi fi S-fl"Vfifl fi{

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    57/64

    Lfl2009fl57

    Lfifl \ S fi. fl fl H fi flfl fiT . h Hfi Hfi _ .Hfi _fi fifl fi Lflfi

    fl fi -fi fi fl fi_ _ _ _ T_ , fi_ _Ifi U fi fifi fi_ . fi, fiAC/"Sflfio flL . L_ 50 flL_ fl_ , fl _H C_ { fi C_ fi fi_ fl_.

    Lflfi Hfi A I_ fl fi fl , fifi_ fi_ _

    o_ fl . @ Hfi fl fi , flfifi fl fl. -fi_ fifi__ {, fi .(fl_fi fi fi_.3). fl_ __ { , Ffl _ fi .

    fl_fi V A ZH . V fi(_-_ fi _-_) fi fl , Ffl fi (_-_) E flVfl HL . _ fl fifi fl

    fl . Cfl V B \. _ . fi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    58/64

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    59/64

    58flLfl2009

    o;8: >gf >Lg0iffgfl ;f]5fzLsjfH

    1

    fl_ flflfi_ \ \{fifi_ 100 _ " fi flV fl flfi

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    60/64

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    61/64

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    62/64

    Lfl2009fl61

    1898 _ L. flfi fififi fifl fl_T, H Fflfi P fi e

    H fi _ fl fi . hfl fi fl. , H @{ fififi fi _ T ?

    12

    flfi fi kfl H V BL ^fi 25-28,1932 flQfi {fi fi fl .

    fl @ 4 _ T , _fi official V fi

    flF . V_ flfi_ MfiH _Y_ fi . . fi < ( )_ fiMfi fi fi Mfi H fi . flfi t _T ?

    hjffaff[1

    fi fl fl L flfl 1902 fi" -/ De Dion-Bouton . (fifi ).flfl fl-fl flfi hH fl _. Lfi _ fi

    fl fi fi Lfl fl

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    63/64

    62flLfl2009

    fl fi 1922 _ fi QI* H fi , H Ifl Lfifi o k_ L_.

    4

    1556 _flfi fl_Lo H fl fi ()fi__. H_14 fl . v , H fi_ fl I_ V fi. fi fl fl H _ E_, fl _V flfi . _L_ _ v { _flH flQfi fi Q. H Ifl fi fi_ flH fi fl_. fl _ fi H Lo H I_ fl _.

    5

    V L ofifi fi L flfi _ flfi_ V

    . 1, 1640 fi fl HLfi|Hfi fl flfi Vfi | fi T. S9.5 fl _ fi 1.6 fl . ofi L Ffifi S _K. (fifi_ h). Sfi_

    Hfl w__14 fi _. 15 fl flfiVfl fl _fi _ T.Lfi|Hfi _ _ fi |H L_.

    @ O fl. _ fl fi Lfifi fl fi_Lfi fl fi_T_.

    6

    Lfifl . OS. VL fi- fifl_fi _ fi @fl fi (fi fi h fi) _K__. fl_flS fifi_ fi _.

    fi flS Vfifi h fl _fl fl fi I_

    Lflfi @ fi . . OS. VL . .1878 _ w fl @ S fi w. 16,35,562 fi . . 1888 _fl .

    7

    flfi V 1857 fi Mfi H . _fiflfi u. V L ofifi_L fl fl _ _, H

    flflfi H w.2,50,00,000 fi fl_ .

  • 8/14/2019 Safari 176

    64/64


Recommended