17
Working together for a safer world Safety Assurance of Autonomous Vessels – a Class Perspective Autonomous Ships – What does the future hold? – 25 th – 26 th September 2015
Working together for a safer world
Safety Assurance of Autonomous Vessels – a Class Perspective
Autonomous Ships – What does the future hold? – 25th – 26th September 2015
Lloyd’s Register NSTC 2015 – independence and technical excellence
Classification
Classification has always been about Safety … Safety remains at the heart of what we do
Working together for a safer world
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
• Minimal safety risk essential safety functions dependability of essential safety systems machinery, equipment, components, structure
• Minimal environmental impact essential environmental functions dependability of essential environmental systems machinery, equipment, components, structure
• Maximum commercial benefit essential commercial functions dependability of essential commercial systems machinery, equipment, components, structure
Marine industry's greatest driver is sustainability…
Class Rules Statutory Convention Owner Specification
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Regulatory framework for manned vessels
Class International Codes National Codes
Construction Lifesaving Fire Radiocomms Navigation Dangerous Goods Management
SOLAS:
COLREGS Load Lines MARPOL Ballast Water
Size Crew / Passengers Cargo Area of Operation
Convention: Requirements: Applicability:
Lloyd’s Register NSTC 2015 – independence and technical excellence
Research activities on Autonomous Systems
• Applicability of current regulations - COLREGS, SOLAS, MARPOL, etc? • Barriers: Current conventions assume manned vessels • Solution: Equivalency principle
• EDA Safety and Regulations for European Unmanned Maritime Systems
(SARUMS) working group • Participation: Navies, manufacturers & technology companies • Output: Best practice guide
• UK Marine Industries Alliance Maritime Autonomous Systems Regulatory Working Group (MASRWG)
• Participation: Manufacturers, operators, legal & government representatives
• Output: UK position paper
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
UMS equivalent regulatory framework
Class International Codes National Codes
Construction Lifesaving Fire Radiocomms Navigation Dangerous Goods Management
SOLAS:
COLREGS Load Lines MARPOL Ballast Water
Size Crew / Passengers Cargo Area of Operation
Convention: Requirements: Applicability:
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Design Code for UMS
Purpose of the Design Code: • Promote good design and quality manufacturing processes • Not restrict design through prescription
Applicability: • Applicable to all UMS operated on or below the surface • If manned occasionally all relevant conventions must also be complied with • To cover; structures, stability, propulsion, power generation and storage,
communication systems, sensors and control systems and materials • Not covering operational aspects
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Design Code for UMS
Features of the Design Code • Not Classification • Requirements are set by the designers and operators, not LR • The manufacturer can prepare the evidence of compliance • Sets a clear industry standard recognisable to clients and regulators • Provides a platform to share industry best practice with regards to design • Can be developed and expanded as industry knowledge grows from experience
LR’s Role • Developing draft document and establishing Technical Committee • Publish the document and future updates • Support the manufacturer in preparing the evidence of compliance • Provide independent review of manufacturers evidence
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Design Code Structure
Tier 0 – Aim - …to provide designers with a framework which will assist designing UMS which are; Capable, Reliable, Safe, Resilient For each chapter:
• Tier 1 – Goal for the chapter
• Tier 2 - Functional Objectives to create the regulatory structure
• Tier 3 – Performance Requirements defining requirements for each Functional Objective
Verification……
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Design Code Example – Control System
Tier 1 - Goal: • Minimise risk of collision
Tier 2 – Functional Objective: • Autonomous Control System is to be able to carry out a mission in an
accurate and timely manner whilst adhering to the defined decision making framework. The UMS is to have the ability to abort the mission and revert to a pre-programmed safe condition upon failure of the control system
Tier 3 – Performance Requirements: • An emergency stop control is to feature prominently on the control panel and
is to provide a fully independent, positive acting means of remotely cutting off the power to the UMS propulsion system
Verification • ISO 61508 Functional safety of Programmable Electronic Safety related
systems
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Certification Trial - Technology Qualification Process
• Certification trial for 6m UMV • Inform development of Design Code
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Certification Trial - Technology Qualification Process
Development of Product Goals • Functionality • Safety • Survivability • Reliability • Availability • Environmental • Sustainability
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Certification Trial - Technology Qualification Process
Development of Product Goals • Functionality – To have a minimum endurance of 3 weeks • Safety – To always stop when remotely commanded • Survivability – To survive in Seastate 7 • Reliability – To provide reversionary modes of operation • Availability – Post-maintenance operational in under 2 days • Environmental – Any fluid leakage is contained • Sustainability – EU WEEE Directive compliance
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Certification Trial - Technology Qualification Process
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Marine Autonomous System Certification Trial
Existing Standards
Alternative Methods
Lloyd’s Register – independence and technical excellence
Next steps…
• Engage with manufacturers & operators • Complete Technical Qualification for
example UMS • Refine Principles • Develop supporting Performance
Requirements • Develop toolkits • Publish draft for comment
?
Lloyd’s Register and variants of it are trading names of Lloyd’s Register Group Limited, its subsidiaries and affiliates. Copyright © Lloyd’s Register [Entity]. 2013. A member of the Lloyd’s Register group.
Duncan Duffy Rules Architect Unit/ Department T +44 (0)23 2345 5432 E [email protected] Lloyd’s Register [Entity] 71 Fenchurch Street, London EC3M 4BS
Working together for a safer world
Lloyd’s Register and variants of it are trading names of Lloyd’s Register Group Limited, its subsidiaries and affiliates. Copyright © Lloyd’s Register Group Limited. 2015.
Ben Cuckson BEng, MPhil, CEng, MRINA Lead Specialist T +44 1275 515 011 E [email protected] Lloyd’s Register EMEA The Sion, Crown Glass Place, Nailsea, Bristol BS48 1RB
Working together for a safer world
