Safety Policy Statement (Appendix-c)

7/30/2019 Safety Policy Statement (Appendix-c)

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Safety ManualQS LANKA (PVT) LTD.

SAFETY FIRST


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SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Due to following main reasons basically it is compulsory toestablish an effective safetymanagement program.

(1). To prevent injuries and illnesses.

(2). In addition to that, managing safety is to avoid direct & indirect costs that workrelated,injuries, illness and property damage incur

Direct cost are expenses directly associated with a work related injury or illness. Theyincludethe following cost.

(a). Medical Expenses.(b). Medications.

(c). Workers compensation benefits.(d). Rehabilitation cost.

Indirect cost are all other expenses resulting from work related incidents or illness. Theyincludethe following costs.

(a). Production losses or delays.(b). Property or product damage.(c). Training.(d). Supervisory time.

(e). Administrative time.

SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES AND ACCOUNTABILITY

Safety isn't going to just happen. Individuals have to know what they are responsible, for,andwhat roles they play. Then they have got to be held accountable for their behavior. Thekeyindividual at the job site is site manager or engineer or crew leader who ever is in

immediatein charge.


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SAFETY PLANNING

Safety planning is based on following steps.

(a). Safety Training(b). Providing protective equipment.(c). Scheduled inspection.

(d). Behavior Observations.(e). Safe job Procedures.(f). Data accountability for safe behavior.(g). Corrective action planning and goal setting.(h). Total employees involvement and support.

Safety training

Sometimes working safety doesn't come naturally. Employees must be educated or taughthowto engage in their activities in safe manner. Means how to operate Machine /Power/

Toolsetc.This education we hope to give using following methods.

(a). Speaking engagement by experts in safety.

(b). Distributing various publication on safety and Health issues among employees.

(c). Displaying audiovisual aids on work place hazards, and technical advice.

(d). Providing basic and advance seminars and classes for employees.

Providing Protective Equipment

After providing protective equipment it is necessary instruct and educate.(a). What to wear when.(b). How to inspect it(c). How to wear it.(d).How to get into the habit so it's impossible to forget.

Schedule Inspections

Tools equipment, Method, and procedure have to be looked at every so often to make surethat they are in good shape, that they're safest thing available, and that they haven't startedfallingapart, been cracked or warped, or had a guard shaken or rusted loose.

Behaviour Observation

Which are simply audits or slices of work that look closely at the safety aspect of tightlyfocusedbehaviors or work task.


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Safe job Procedure

That means simply how to do a job or task the right-way, without taking needless risks.

Data Accountability Safe Behaviour

If no one is held accountable for choosing or following safe ways to work, then those ways

of doing things may just not happen. Employees must know what expected of them when itcometo safe behavior.

Corrective action Planning and Goal setting

Both of these take considerable thinking and advance planning, with input fromemployees,from Management, and sometime from outside agencies and other sources.

Total employee Involvement and Support

Total employee, that means you, too Management and employees alike it's the only way tomakesafety every one's responsibility.

PROGRAMME MEASUREMENT AND REVIEW

When doing programme measurement and review; following factors to be observed.

a) Injury or near-miss reduction level

b) Displaying of employees safe behaviors

c) Safety cost come down level

Time to time check the records of site audits, tool box minutes, training sheets and otherrelevant records and confirmed whether things are actually happening.


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CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

The causes of accidents are broadly classified as under:

1. Physical causes

2. Physiological causes3. Psychological causes

1. Physical Causes

The Physical causes responsible for accidents are as follows :

(a) Relating to Machines :(1)The working space on the machine being less obstructs free movements of

workers material.

(2) The machine being not properly adjusted

(3)The machine being unsuitable for the job.

(4)The machine being unguarded or improperly guarded

(5)Electric motor on the machine not properly insulated.

(b)Relating to Tools:(1) Tools being brittle, may break suddenly e.g. blades on a sawingmachine.

(2) Tools being blunt and worn out due to constant use.

(3) Tools used being too small for the job.

(4) Tools being without the handle or the handle being loose.

(c)Relating to Materials:(1)The material being inflammable e.g. use of explosives and petroleum products etc.(2) The brittle material not handled with c are(3)The material being too hot e.g. sewage in the maintenance of sewers.

(4)The material used being poisonous and dangerous e.g. acids(5) The material emitting foul gases e.g. sewage in the maintenance ofsewers.


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(d)Relating to Uniform:(1)Dress being loose

(2)The sleeves of the shirt being without buttons

(3) The shoes being loose and slippery

(4) Protective dress prescribed for a job not used, e.g. tarring outfitwhile handling

hotTar andwelding shields while doing welding work.

(e)Relating to Environment:

Following are some of the main causes

(1)The floors being slippery

(2) Poor lighting conditions(3) Poor ventilation and unhygienic conditions

(4) Loose electric cables and live conductors

(5)Obstacles and projections in the working area, e.g. a wooden board found Raised

in woodenflooring etc.,

(6)Building used being unsafe

(7) Use of unstable and unsafe ladder

(8) External noises and disturbances(9)Improper discipline among workers.

2. Physiological Causes :

The main causes of accidents on account of poor health conditions are as under:

(1)Poor Eye Sight : e.g. a driver while driving a vehicle may notbe able toseetheobstacle ahead clearly, especially when the lightdim

(2)Over Work: Atired worker loses control over his limbs and maymeetwith an accident

(3) Poor Health: Asound mind is sound body is well known. A man withpoor health gets tired soonand sometimes a worker does harm to his body whiledoing a job which is beyond hiscapacity.


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(4)Old Age : In old age eye sight is poor and quite often one is hard ofhearing and general health becomes poor. These factorsareresponsible for the accident.

(5) Intoxication : A worker under the influence of intoxicants like wine,loses control over his mind

(6)Physical Handicap :A handicapped person has more chances of meetingwithan accident.

3.PsychologicalCauses:

The causes connected with the mind of a worker are listed below:

(1)Worry :Aperson under strains of worries has least control over

hismind.

(2)Mental Tension : Mental tension is caused due to strained relations with

or co-workers and one loses control over his mind.

(3)Emotional Attitude : Ahighly emotional man loses balance of mind quickly.

(4)Impulsiveness : When a person acts under impulse, without proper

thinking, the chanceof his meeting with an accident

increased considerably.

(5) Nervousness : A person who gets nervous in a particular situation,

losses control over his limbs.

(6) Over Confidence : Over confidence many a times causes an accident.

(7) Carelessness : A careless worker meets with an accident moreoften

thanaconscious worker.

(8) Fear : Under fearone loses control over one's limbs.


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SAFETY TRAINING

Employees need a proper grounding in Safety Management techniques and in safeoperatingprocedure from the start.

Safety training in following ways.

(1).Specially newly recruited persons are selected to give the safety training.(2).Refresher training for regular persons.(3). Arranging of monthly safety meeting.(4). Arranging of tool - box safety meeting.(5). Arranging of safety training for employees how to operate properly, tools,equipment insafe manner and how to use materials which are newly introduced

towork site.

skill training is also part of the safetypicture and arrange to give skill training for theemployees.For newly recruited persons must be given safety training especially in followingcategories.

(a)Safety management principles.(b)Facility safety rules.(c)Material handling and mobile equipment safety.(d)Lockout / Hazardous energy control.(e)Hazardous material communication and handling.(f) Protective equipment and guards.(g)Tools and equipment safety.(h)Ergonomics.(i) Emergency equipment.

In addition to regular safety topics that all employees receive, company arrangeadditionaltraining for supervisor in the following areas.

(a). Safety management principles.(b). Behavior observations.(c). Incident investigation.(d). Correction and reinforcement techniques.(e). Effective training method.

In fact when planning safety training following are under strict consideration.

(a). Identify the training needs of the employees.(b). Decide what the minimum training end result should be.(c). Plan the training session.(d). Prepare the session.(e). Decide where to have the training.


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(f). Train.(g). Verify the training.

Monthly Safety Meeting

Regular monthly safety meeting demonstrate the company's concern for the lives and wellbeingof its employees. This help build a co - operative climate providing employees with

the opportunity to contribute ideas and suggestions to improve safety, quality, productivityandmorale.The supervisor, safety representative and crew leaders, run the monthly safety meetingwithhelp from,

(a). Guest presenters.(b). Manufacture and other mentioned earlier.

Tool - Box Safety Meeting

Tool -Box safety meetings are brief gathering of crews or employees along with theirsupervisor or crew leaders.They are usually held early in the morning before the crew begin their work day or beforetheystart some specific work.

Suggested safety tool box talk topics(1) Employee accountability.(2) Excavation and shoring.(3) Eye protection : Safety glasses and goggles.(4) Fall protection.

(5) Fire prevention.(6) Foot protection.(7) Hand protection and gloves.(8) Hand tool use and maintenance.(9) First - aid treatment.(10) Electrical safety.(11) Confined space.(12) Barricade.(13) Crane and Hoist.(14) Hazardous material.(15) Head protection: Helmet and boots.

(16) Hearing protection.(17) House keeping and waste disposal.(18) Ladders.(19) Material Handling and Storage.(20) Personal Protection Equipment.(21) Power tool use and Maintenance.(22) Safety harness and lanyards.(23) Scaffolding.(24) Security : Fire prevention.(25) Skin protection : proper protective clothing.(26) Spill clean up.

(27) Slips, trips and falls.(28) Suspended load operation.


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(29) Ventilation.(30) Work place violence.

GENERAL SAFETY RULES

01. No workers below 18 years and above 55 years of age shall be engaged for a job.02. The workers who are engage in job should be in sound physical condition.03. When recruiting the workers their Identity card and Police report should be

checked.

04. Don't allow children to enter in to work site.05. Every time to be ensured, weather adequate supervision is provided in working

areas. Also ensured weather persons who engage in works behaving without

causinganyhazard to others.

06. Reporting for work under the influence of drugs or alcohol to be strictly prohibited.07. Neat and clean work clothing (suitable clothing ) must be worn at all times. Never

wear loose fitting clothing that could be caught in equipment or machinery and alsoavoidwearing jewelry at the work site.

08. Safety helmet, eye protection and safety shoes or boots must be worn by everybodyat the work site at all times, except in designated places outside the constructionarea.(even drivers, helpers & operators must abide this rule).

09. If you don't know, ask when in doubt about the safe or correct way to perform a job,get instruction from a supervisor or knowledgeable employee before attempting tothe task.

10. Running out side vehicle cabs : No employee may ride on running board or hang onto the outside of trucks, front end loaders, backhoes, Bulldozers, tractors or othermobile equipment is running or in motion. Never ride or stand in or on a loader orbackhoe bucket to perform work.

11. Unauthorized operation of equipment : Never attempt to operate companyequipmentor vehicles unless trained in their use and authorized to do so by yourrelevant officer in charge.

12. Suspended loads: Never walk or stand under or next to suspended loads. Standclear or material being unloaded from open - sided flat bed trailers.

13. Equipment guards: Don't remove protective guards while tools, Machinery, ormobile equipment are in operation. Never completean equipment maintenance orrepair jobwithout replacing guards, that had to be removed for servicing , cleaning

or repairs. Report damage or missing guards to your supervisor immediately.


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14. Persons who engage-in work at 2 - meter or above should wear safety belt andlanyard to be anchored properly, it is better to anchor at the level of shoulder.

15. It is compulsory to wear eye protection while doing works such as, grinding,chipping,welding and gas cutting.

16. Proper lightening to be provided at work places in night time, also to the places atdarkeven in day time if there any activity to be done.17. Digging pits to be barricaded till backfilling. Also provide proper access method to

reachfor work.

18. Don't allow any body to entering to erection zone or dismantling zone, also provideproper barricade to avoid entering to the said zones.

19. Don't allow to throw material from higher places , if necessary providebarricadedkeeping safe space and keep signal men to avoid entering by others.

20. Due to wind or vehicle running dust will be formed within site premises, to avoidthatwater to be sprayed by using bowser or any other method.

21. Electrical main panel board must consist MCB and ELCB.22. To supply electricity power must be used 3 or 4 core cables and it should be consist

earthwire, also construct proper earthing pit.

23. Horseplay is completely prohibited at work place. Except in emergency running atthesite is completely prohibited.

24. Don't allow connect bare wire to electrical socket. If need use plug top25. Even minor accident occur inform it to safety coordinator or site in charge since it

will help to avoid such incident in future.

26. Seat belts :' The use of seat belts is required in company cars, trucks, lift trucks,frontend loaders and other moving equipment.

27. Scaffolding and riming : all scaffolding and rigging work must be supportedandinspected by experienced, competent, individuals in accordance with approvedstandardand regulations.

28. Excavation and trenches : All excavating and trench digging must be supervisedandinspected by experience, competent individuals in accordance with approvalstandardand regulations.

29. Practice good housekeeping : When discarding boards always remove or benddownprotruding nails. Keep work areas clean as the day progresses. Don't allow


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debris to bestrewn about work areas or to collect on floor or in excavations orbasements.

30. Reinforcement rods : Exposed, vertical reinforcement rods and similarprotuberancesmust be shielded with large enough covers to prevent employees orvisitors who mayaccidently fall on to them from impaling or injuring themselves.

31. Don't stack material at access areas and passageways. Also don't stack material suchasbricks on dangerous higher places.

32. All tools and tackles, before using must be checked. If any defect inform it torelevantin - charge, any way all using lifting tackles must be certified by mechanicalEngineer.

33. All tools and tackle shall be tested and have a Identification number, safe workingloadand date of next test marked on them.

34. A tools and tackles inspection register must be maintained and update regularly.35. All site vehicles must have reverse horn. (Ex. Earth moving vehicles and

equipment)

36. Adequate numbers of firefighting equipment must be at work site, further workersto begiven training how to use firefighting equipment.

37. When found unsafe conditions, unsafe act it should be informed to safetycoordinatorthen relevant in charges must attend to correct such incidentsimmediately.

38. Ladders should be placed and set firmly to avoid slipping. Also fixed laddersshouldhave standard protection cage to avoid fell down, while climbing up ordown.

39. Special safety method should be arrange while lifting up 1 down drums which fillwithfuel or oil.

40. When doing welding work, welding clamp should be used. Also proper earthingshouldbe done and return cable should be used for earthing.

41. All pressure gauge used in gas cutting apparatus shall be in good workingconditions.

42. Eye washing facilities to be provided at site, specially if use chemicals abovefacilities isvery important.

43. For hose connection, connectors or hose clamp must be used.44. At relevant places, warning boards or caution notice should be displayed.45. For all cranes competent signalmen should be employed for signaling.46. When tapping power line, junction box must be used, don't cut in between of the

power line for tapping


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47. All lifting tools and tackles shall be stored properly when not in use.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE]

Personal protective equipment has limits. It is effective of reducing risk, but it should never

be used in the place of safe procedures. A pair of gloves or safety glass, for example ;should never be the only control measure between an employee and an observed risk. Theyare really a lastresort, a last line of defence - something to guard your eyes or hands ifsomething goes wrong.

Head Protection : -

(A). The main purpose of protective helmets or hard hat is to minimize the rate andlevel at

(B). A second purpose of helmets is to partially protect the head, face and neck fromelectricalcurrent and from other environmental hazard such as sun - rays snow,wind and extreme temperatures

(C). There are two basic types of hard hats.Type - I and Type - IIType - I hard hats have a full brim not less than 1 inch wide around the entirehelmet.Type - I1 hard hats include helmets without brim (Lips) but having a bill orpeak in thefront to help to protect the eyes and face.

There are four classes of Helmets.

Class A:- For general service and protection against impact hazard somedefenceagainsLow - voltage electrical current.

Class - B:- For general service and protection against impact hazards plan somedefenceagainst High - voltage electrical current.

Class C:- Some impact protection, but No - voltage protection usually madeofaluminium.

Class D:- Impact protection, fire resistant and will not conduct electricity. Made chieflyforfire - fighters.

Note :- Insist that employees, sub - contractors and visitors present during pre -completion

stage or on site construction activities wear Type - I or Type - 11,Class - A or Class - Bhelmets.


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FACE AND EYE PROTECTION

Most severe worksite optical injuries are caused by foreign bodies entering the eyes bitsorpieces of metal, wood, plastic, stones masonry or whatever material is being worked with.

Since select and provide suitable eye and face protection for employees working with ornearstriking tools, grinding or abrasive tools, burning or welding tools, dust or air borneparticulates,chemicals and all other equipment, materials and method that pose eyehazards.

There are many different kinds and models of face and eye protection. Some of themorecommon ones include safety glasses with side shields, goggles and face shields.

Goggles

1 2

34

5


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1. GOGGLES, Flexible Fitting - Regular Ventilation2. GOGGLES, Flexible Fitting - Hooded Ventilation3. GOGGLES, Cushioned Fitting - Rigid Body

4. SPECTACLES, Metal Frame - with Sideshields5. SPECTACLES, Plastic Frame - with Sideshields6. WELDING GOGGLES, Converse Type - Tinted Lenses7. WELDING HELMETS

9


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HEARING PROTECTION

Sound :-

Sound is any pressure variation in air, water or other substances that the humanear candetect.It is measured in decibels (dBA) for loudness and in hertz (Hz) for frequency. Not allsounds are detectable by human ear. Ultrasound is an extremely highfrequency sound (likea dog whistle), and infrasound sound is sound at anextremely low frequency, commonlyreferred to as vibration.When employees are subject to sound levels exceeding those table levels,feasibleadministrative or engineering controls shall be used. If such controls fail toreducesound levels within the levels of the table, personal protective equipmentis required.

OPERATION HAZARDS RECOMMENDEDPROTECTORS

Acetylene BurningAcetylene - Cutting

Acetylene - Welding

HAZARDSSparks, harmful rays, moltenmetal, flying particles

7, 8, 9

Chemical Handling Splash, acid bums, fumes 2, 10 (For sever exposure add 10 over 2)

Chipping Flying particles1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7A, 8A

Electric (arc) welding Sparks, intense rays, moltenmetal

9, 11, ( 11 in combination with 4, 5, 6, intinted lenses advisable )

Furnace Operations Glare, heat, molten metal 7, 8, 9 ( For severe exposure add 10 )

Grinding - Light Flying particles 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10

Grinding - Heavy Flying particles 1, 3,7A, 8A ( For severe exposure add10)

Laboratory Chemical splash, glass breakage 2 ( 10 When in combination with 4 , 5 , 6)

Machining Flying particles 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10

Molten metals Heat, glare, sparks, splash 7, 8, ( 10 in combination with 4, 5 , 6, intinted lenses )

Spot welding Flying particles, sparks 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10


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Duration per Day, Hours Sound Level dBA Slow Response8 90

6 92

4 95

3 97

2 100

1 1/2 102

1 105

1/2 110

or less 115

Important -Hints:

(1). Train employees on the dangers of excessive noise exposure on the worksite.

(2). Conduct a noise survey on worksite task having the loudest noise levels.Test soundlevels inside mobile equipment cabs and near all loud activities includingwith and nearcompressors, engines, and other power tools and equipment.

(3).Provide comfortable noise - reduction personal protective devices such asearmuffs,earplug, and canal caps. Train employees on the protective equipmentscapabilities,limitation use and care.

(4). Wherever and whenever appropriate, enforce the use of hearing protectionthroughoutthe worksite.

(5).Supervisors and other members of Management must abide by hearing protection ruleswhile working at or visiting the site.

There are three main types hearing protection

(1). Earmuffs(2). Ear plug

(3). Canal caps

Again, hearing protection devices cannot just be handed out to employees without anyinstruction on how to use them.

Training must accompany the issuance of protection.

Employees should inspect the devices frequently for signs of hardening, shrinking or fracturing

and replace them as necessary.


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HAND PROTECTION (HANDS - OUR MOST IMPORTANT TOOLS]

Important Hints:

(1). Most hand injuries result from boredom (tire some) lack of attention and work

sitedistractions. ( Mental confusion or distress)

(2). Identify hand hazards at worksite, then train employees on hazard recognitionandprevention.

(3).Appropriate, well fitted gloves should be worn by employees, whenever possible whilefacingpoint of contact hazard

(4). Employees should know how to select, wear, inspect and maintain their gloves.

(5).Because so many types, styles, and models of gloves are available, it's best to consultwith safetydistributor who has extensive knowledge in glove applications andselections,and order allcompany gloves through that individual.

Normally personal protective equipment for the hands, is gloves.

Glove type :- Normally gloves made of canvas, leather, rubber, cloth and numerousmodern man - made materials with textured.

Palms and fingers for better grabbing power no particular pair of gloves

can protect against every possible hand hazard.

Selecting the right gloves: -Consider the physical hazards to be encountered determine what risks are most likely to bepresent in the workers task.

Cuts, abrasions, punctures, temperature, chemicals, or others. Then select glove typesaccordingly for example.

(1)Abrasion - resistant gloves should be worn when handling rough materials such asmasonry

blocks, rough plywood and lumber and steel cable.When wrists and arms are exposed to the same materials having abrasion or

puncturerisk abrasion resistant are protection should also be used such as gauntlets or sleeves.

(2)Electricians should wear approved gloves when working on or nearexposedEnergized electrical parts. Gloves must be inspected and tested at intervalsspecifiedby the manufacture. Required voltage ratings of the gloves should bedetermined depending on the voltage of potential hazard. Written electrical safe

work practicesdesignate which task require gloves providing electrical protection.Protective over gloves should be worn to preserve the integrity of the rubber gloves.


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(3)Chemical - protective gloves should be worn when handling hazardous chemicalsand corrosives, depending on the substance handled and the manufacture'srecommendations.

(4)Welder's gloves should be worn while welding or burning to protect against heat,Sparks rough objects, and flash burns.

(5)Latex or nitrile gloves should be available for individuals trained foremergencyresponse and First - Aid where there is a potential for exposure or blood borne pathogens.

BODY AND FOOT PROTECTION

General guidelines

(1). Employees should wear close fitting or medium - fitting jeans or durable trousers.

(2). Recommend long - sleeved work shirts, accept shirts having nothing less than four inchsleeves.

(3).Company supervisors should set a good example by what they wear at the work site.

(4). Safety work shoes or boots are a must.

(5). Safety footwear having worn soles and uppers must be discarded and replaced.

(6).Improperly laced shoes and boots have caused more falls and injuries than construction.employees care to admit. Insist that employees maintain their laces at all times

(7).Prohibit the wearing of light duty home - use waterproof boots that are worn over socks.Require water proof boots possessing similar characteristics to safety shoes or boots or

light weight pull over boots that are worn over regular safety foot wear.

Work Clothing

Some individuals tend to dismiss clothes as not really being part of employee personalprotective equipment. That's mistake, First of all, bare skin is not very durable.Somebodythink that working in hot weather, tanning exposure from the sun while considered ahandsome asset.But as dermatologist opinion it is definitely not healthy over the long term.

Foot and Leg Protection Considerations

(1).Legging protect the legs and feet from welding sparks.

(2).Protective leggings should be worn by employees operating a chain saw.


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(3).Plastic or composite knee pads make kneeling tasks a lot safer and more comfortable forthe knees caps.

(4). Heat resistant safety shoes are available to protect roofers, pavers, and other workersexposed to hot temperatures. Safety shoes should be sturdy and have impact - resistanttoes. Many come with metal insoles and other guards to better protect against puncture

wounds.

(5).Six and eight inch boots are preferred over the lower models because they will provideSupport and protection past the ankles.

(6). All employees work longer hours and as they get older shoe comfort becomes anincreasingly important factor in reducing fatigue.

(7). What about the footwear of visitors, non-workers and others who may access thework

site? Generally the hazards they'll encounter, should not be as risky as those faced bycompany's employees, as long as visitors and other non employees stay out of activeheavy work areas. But open - toed, medium or high - heeled shoes or sandals must notbe allowed on the worksite.

(8). Be careful that employees, when faced with wet and muddy conditions, don't elect towear inexpensive waterproof boots design for home use.

(9). Watch the &laces n safety foot - wear. Some laces attach near the top on metal eyeletsthat eventually bend so the laces will come loose and flop around.

FALL PROTECTION

Falls consistently cause a proportionally high number of serious injuries and deaths in theConstruction industry, year after year.

What can be done to protect the company employees?

General Guide lines.

(1) . Set a goal of 100 percent fall protection for the employees, using personal protectiveequipment and safe work practices and procedures.

(2). Install guardrails around open floors, walls, and platforms, wherever else falls arepossible. The top rails must be sturdy (strongly built) enough to withstand a 200 - poundload.

(3).Train workers in safe work practices before allowing them to work on foundation walls,roofs, trusses, and exterior wall and floor erections and installations.


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(4). Whenever possible, employ fall protection system like slide guards and roof anchorsandalternative work practices when a guardrail system cannot be used.

(5).Train all employees to recognize fall hazards, and support the training of competentpersons in your crews. Who will be able to set up and maintain effective fall - protection

system.

(6). Through local trade associations and regulatory agencies understand and abide by orexceed current minimum fall - protection regulations.

Where fall hazards exist

There are plenty of places in the typical construction worksite from which employees canfall.

Some of these hazards include.

(a). Unprotected leading edges of floors, roofs, and building components underconstruction.

(b). Edges of trenches and Excavations.

(c). Roof of all pitches.

(d). Finished and unfinished skylights.

(e). Stairways, ladders, Scaffolds and other work platforms.

(f). Wall openings.

Fall Protection Equipment

There are lot of fall - protection systems and safety equipment on the market with morebeingdeveloped all the time. Here are some kinds of equipment currently available.

Full body harness :

There are numerous reason to use full body harness (see Fig - 1) instead of belts forpersonal fallprotection. When a fall occurs, belt deliver a vicious Jerk and severe impact to aperson'smidsection. Which has had disastrous effect to many workers.A full body harness, however will suspend a person in sitting position where the buttockwillabsorb most of the load.


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( Fig - 1 )

Shock - absorbing lanyards.

Shock - absorbing lanyards are fall protection devices whose jobs begins once a fall occurs.(Seefig - 2). They are attached at both ends - one end to a full body harness that someone iswearingand other end to a sturdy anchor point.(fig-2)

Self - retracting life lines.

Self - retracting lifelines are fall - arrest devices using self - retracting cables. Theycombinelocking mechanism with - energy dissipating (disperse) components that allowalmostimmediate - yet smooth.- fall arrest.

Self - retracting lifelines are typically anchored to a point above the back attachment D -ring offull body harness. They're designed for use on jobs on vertical, horizontal or inclinedplanes.


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Self - retracting life line involve components that are not able to be fully inspected by theusers,the unit should be inspected by the manufacture at least once per year under normaloperatingconditions. They're easy to maintain but certain precaution must be taken toensure safety ofoperation.

(1) Lifelines must be inspected before each use. The user should pull out the entire lengthof

cable to check for damage and should pull sharply on the cable several times in order toverify that the breaking mechanism is working properly.

(2). The system, must only be used by workers who have been trained by a competentpersonin its operation and maintenance.

(3). To limit the possibility of a swing or pendulum (body suspended so as to be free toswing) the system must be anchored as close as possible to the user's head.

(4). Self - retracting life line must not be used with a body belt of any type. They must beattached to the back D - ring of a full body harness for maximum safety.

(5). When the system is not in use, the cable should be fully rewound into the housing. Itshould always be rewound slowly. Never let it rewind freely even for a short distance.

(6).If an impact load is generated against the unit, it should be taken out of serviceimmediately and sent back to the manufacture for inspection and rectification.

(7). Positioning lanyards are generally construct of stretch - resistant three to six foot

lengththat help a person with positioning only. They will prevent someone from getting tooclose to an edge or other hazard.

They are available with a variety of anchorage hooks.

Snap hooks

Snap hook (see fig - 3) can be used as anchoring connectors on positioning devices andonshock - absorbing lanyards. They often contain double locking mechanisms to ensure

againstroll out or other forms of accidental opening.

As with all fall - protection devices, snap hooks should be inspected before each use.

(1). Determine if the hook gate can be opened without depressing the lock mechanism. Is itcan, discard the hook immediately.

(2). Check the integrity (soundness) of the spring mechanism. If a reasonable amount offorceis not needed to open the gate, or if the gate does not snap back in to place, the spring

may be worn or damaged. If so discard the hook immediately.


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(3).Check for visible sign of damage or wear, if the hook is cracked or otherwise damagedorhas been subject to a service impact load, discard the hook immediately.

(4). Bear in mind that if the hook has been subject to a load, the device to which it isattachedmay need to discard as well, depending on the device.

Recommendation for using Fall- Protection Equipment

(1). Determine and evaluate fall risks on the job site.

(2). Define an appropriate fall - arrest system for the job to be performed and provide anappropriate plan for rescue.

(3). Preferably select all system components from the same manufacture.

(4).Ensure that the equipment selected is in compliance with the laws and standardcurrently in force.

(5). Check the conditions of use of the system by reading and complying with theinstructions supplied with the components.

(Fig - 3)

(6). Provide the user with initial and continuous training necessary for handling, using,maintaining and storing the equipment entrusted to him or her.

(7).Select reliable anchorage points located as close as possible to the user, and is possible

above the user's head, having a minimum static strength at failure of at least 5,000pounds.

(8). Carefully check each of the system components before each use.

(9). Avoid the user's working alone.

(10). Store the equipment under conditions that will not alter the system's components.

(11). Prevent any modification of a system component without prior agreement from the

manufacture.

(12). Report any defect, anomaly (irregularity) wear, or fall that might effect a system


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component.

(13). Immediately remove from service any component that has been subjected to animpactload.

Fall - Proofing floor and wall openings

(1). Install guardrails around open floors and walls where the fall distance to the nextlevel issix feet or greater. The top rails must be able to with stand a 200 - pound load.

(2). Construct guardrails with a top rail at 42 inches of height, with a mid rail about halfthathigh. (21 - Inch)

(3). Install toe boards when other employees are working below the work area.

(4). Cover floor openings larger than two inches square with material that can safelysupport

The working load.

Alternatives to constructing guard rails.(1). Use other fall - protection systems like slide guards or roof anchors, or alternative safe-

work practices when guard rail system cannot be used.

(2). Wear proper shoes or footwear to lessen slipping hazards.

(3). Train workers on safe work practices before performing work on foundation walls,roofs,trusses and where performing exterior wall erections and floor installations.

An example of a safe work practice is to have employees wrap their feet and legsaround

the webs of trusses to lessen the possibility of a fall.


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Working on Roofs.

(1). Check the slipping hazard before getting on to roof surfaces.Slimy algae like moss or similar growths can also create dangerous slipping hazard.

(2). Cover and secure all sky lights and openings, pr install guard rails to keep workersfrom

falling through the openings.

(3). When roof pitch is over 4 : 12 and up to 6 : 12 install slide guards along the roof eaveafter the first three rows of roofing material installed.

(4).Use fall protection equipment where steep roofs or high ground to eave distances areinvolved.

(5). When storms, lightning, hail, high winds or other severs weather conditions createunsafe conditions, roof must be off - limits to employees.

Date post:	14-Apr-2018
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Safety Policy Statement (Appendix-c)

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