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The Saint Andrews cross is the Scottish flag.

Saint Andrew is the patron saint of Scotland.

Long ago Saint Andrew appeared in avision of this cross to the Pictish king(Angus), who was about to fight a majorbattle against the Saxon king(Athelstan), and promised the Picts

victory.

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Saint Andrew

called in the

tradition the

First-called

About the middle of the Xth century, Andrew became the patron saintof Scotland. He was foisted upon Scotland as its patron when the old

Celtic and Culdee centres were supersededby the new bishopric of St. Andrew

Saint Andrewwas one ofthe 12 men chosen byChrist to spread his

teaching.Christian Apostle,

the younger brotherof Saint Peter, preachedthe Gospel in Asia and

along the shores ofthe Black Sea.

Several legends state that the relics ofAndrew were brought under supernatural

guidance from Constantinople to theplace where the modern town of Saint

Andrewsstands today

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Martyrdom_of_andrew.jpg

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The image of SaintAndrew thereafter

came to symboliseScotland

He is believed to have crucifixion on adiagonal X-shaped cross

(St. Andrews Cross)

Tradition has it thatSt Andrews remains were

transferred to Scotland,probably in 8th century, and

since that time St Andrew hasbeen the patron saint of that

country.

St Andrew is an oldman with long white

hair and beard,holding the GospelBook, sometimes

leaning ona saltire, the Scottish

heraldic term for such across.

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Scotland was an independentKingdom, often at war withEngland (from XI-th to XVI-thcentury), until 1603 when King

James VI of Scotland (the son ofMary I) became also King JamesI of England (1603-1625).

In 1707 the Act of Union was passed underwhich Scotland and England became a unitedpart, but the Scots kept their own legalsystem, religion and administrative systems

and still keep them now.

In 1651 Scotland wasunited with

England and Wales.

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After James I succeeded to the throne, the Cross of St.George (English flag) was combined with the cross of

St Andrew in 1606.

The term Union Jack may come from the 'jack-et'

of the English or Scottish soldiers;or from the name of James I

who originated the first union in 1603.

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King James I ordered that theUnion Flag should be flown

on the main mast of allBritish ships, except on ships

of war. Here the flag wasflown at the front of thebowsprit. The end of the

bowsprit was called the Jake

Star and so we get the nameof Union Jack.

A "jack", by the way, isan old nord for the

sailor.

On 28th July, 1707, during the reignof Queen Anne, this flag was byroyal proclamation made theNational flag of Great Britain,

for use ashore and afloat.