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Progress of ECOSAN in India

D.B. Panse & Prashant

Mahagaokar18 August, 2006

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Sanitation Issues of India

• Health and Dignity• Sanitation to 610 million people• Rapid urbanization- increased

generation of waste water• Increased gap between generation and

treatment of waste water• Decrease in fresh water availability per

capita• Need of huge funding US$15BN for

CST

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Crisis of Sanitation in India

6.2

1.201234567

Billion

World India

PopulationUrban 480 Million (40%)Rural 720 Million (60%)

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Crisis of Sanitation in India

6.2

1.201234567

Billion

World India

Safe Sanitation AccessUrban 62 %

Rural 36 to 40 %

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Impact of Inadequate Sanitation

• Degradation of Environment

• Declining quality and quantity of

fresh water resources

• Alarming situation almost 1/3 of

world’s Diarrhea diseases

occurring in India

• Diarrhea is 2nd biggest child killer6

Sanitation Solutions

• Water efficient system compare to CST.

• Cost efficient, in terms of installations, operations, maintenance.

• Inexpensive solutions which are well accepted by local people and local condition.

• Radical shift in thinking of the way we use the water and treat the waste.

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Need of an Hour

• Safe sanitation access to all• Solution to provide safe sanitation• Suitable technology to reduce

excess use of water • Minimize environmental

degradation

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Need for Ecological Sanitation (Ecosan)

Holistic approach to sanitation and water management.

Systematic closure of local material flow-cycles rather than on linear, expensive and energy intensive end-

of-pipe technologies.

Recognizes human excreta and water from households as a reusable resource and

not as a waste.

Sustainable sanitation systems.

ECOSAN

Need for new paradigm to achieve MDGs

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Challenges For EcosanPromotion In India• Geographical Diversity• Social And Cultural Issues• Anti-scavenging Laws• Inadequate Funds For Innovation And

Alternative Solutions• Large population with moderate literacy• Requirement of continuous IEC

campaign

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India

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Innovative Ecological Sanitation Network India (IESNI)

• Being a voluntary network the IESNI aims to promote the development, implementation and dissemination of socially and culturally acceptable, sustainable, hygienic safe and ecologically sound sanitation approaches for India and other activities such as the organisation of joint workshops.

• So far two workshops have been organized, the start-up workshop, which took place in Pune, Maharashtra, from 5th to 7th April 2004 and the “2nd workshop on ecological sanitation” organized by the IESNI in co-operation with GTZ from 1st to 2nd March 2005.

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Applications And Progress Of Ecosan In India

• Major ecosan founder organisations focussing on India since last 4-6 years.

• Ecosolutions-In southern part of India.• GTZ-Promotion and Pilot projects.• Seecon-Pilot projects, Workshops, e-learning

courses,capacity building.• IWWA-Awareness creation, promotion,,workshops,training

courses.• Ecosanres-Along with Unicef-promotion, ecosan material,

workshops.• BORDA-small projects, workshops, training of man-power

for construction.• Sulabh International-R&D for urine use, chain of public

toilets with reuse principle by incorporating biogas systems.• Local NGO;s

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Ecosolutions• Paul Calvert • Ecosan innovator,promoter,practisioner since 1994• Founder of IESNI along with gtz & seecon• Demonstrations & developing of ecosan through…

Urine diverting toilets with evaporative plant beds for the waterlogged coastal villages,for fishing communitiesDry Compost Toilets with use of cooking ash.Awareness raising through books and leaflets, very simple to understand postersDesign and built first Urban ecosan toilet for India2001 conducted All-India Ecosan Awareness Raising tour.Support from UNDP&UNICEF.Active in Sri Lanka also

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VANAMATI Nagpur

RAMETI Khopoli

Dalit Shakti Kendra

Navsarjan Schools

ACTS Toilet Centre

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ACTS ecosan Pilot Project - Public Toilet Centre, Bangalore

Reuse of urine as liquid fertilizer in banana production

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New common sanitation complex at DSK (under construction)

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Rear view (right) of toilet block at Navsarjan Primary School in

Dhandhuka

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Ecosanres -SIDA

• Awareness generation • Workshops• Information material• Actively associated by UNICEF

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Borda- Germany

• Capacity building workshops• Training of manpower for project

implementation• Different range of projects • Mainly reuse principle but urine separation

not involved• Implementation of CBS Infrastructure +

DEWATS• www.borda-net.org

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Norwegian University Of Life Science UMB

• Leading International Centre• For Knowledge, Higher education and

Research in Environment and Biosciences• Focuses on Biology, Food, Natural

resources• Dept of Mathematical Sciences supports

ecosan in South Asia for a long time• www.umb.no

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INDIAN WATER WORKS ASSOCITATION-IWWA

• Foremost NGO of water and sanitation Engineers and Professionals in India

• Working through 27 centers spread over India• Have separate ecosan cell• Awareness creation through workshops, conference,

training courses• Promotion of ecosan by implementing pilot projects• Till today organized 5 workshops with help of GTZ and

Seecon spreading over India• Successful organization of International Conference in 2005

–

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• IWWA is a galaxy of Engineers and

scientists working in the field of water

and sanitation.

• IWWA is a non-Government

organization launched in the year

1968.

• Now IWWA has 26 centers in almost

every state of the country.

About Indian Water Works Association

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The activities to cite a few include:

• National Annual Convention.• International & National Seminars,

workshops and conferences.• Monthly lecture sessions.• Technical visits• People’s awareness programs.

IWWA’s National and International activities

Information exchange platform • New Technologies,• Management methodologies,

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Previous conventions were held at Hyderabad (2005) and Ahmedabad(2004).

The 8th International Conference was organized at Mumbai on “Conservation and reuse of wastewater”, September 2003.

The seminar was well attended from various parts of the world.

Previous Conventions & International Conferences

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A

Pandharpur- The Pilgrimage Town

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Badalapur-Project

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VIRAR SCIENCE GARDEN

• Project name- ecofriendly public toilet center at Virar science garden

• Type of project- Public toilet center• Implementing organisation-Virar Municipal

Council

• ”

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Achievements

• Effective network in place• Awareness generation programme

continued• Workshops and Conferences to reach

masses• Training courses to begin for ecosan

professionals• Pilot cum R&D projects on the rise• Ecosan material in local languages

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Observations and Suggestions

• More ecosan experts are needed• Sustainable campaign to highlight ecosan concept• New townships being developed where no CST

ecosan can provide viable alternative• Peri Urban areas not connected to CST should be

regarded as potential ecosan sites on informed choice basis

• Ecosan service provider to be developed• More pilot cum R&D projects needed, particularly

for reuse of urine• Funds for IEC to be increased considering size of

the country

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Thanks