SANTIAGO CALATRAVA

KRATI AGRAWALB.ARCH IV YR

INTRODUCTION

EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATIONborn on July 28, 1951 in a town of benimamet, near Valencia, Spain.

From the age of 8, he also attended the arts and crafts school,

At the age 13 he was an exchange student in France and traveled to study in Switzerland.

He earned a degree in architecture and took a post-graduate course in urbanism.

Being attracted by mathematics, calatrava decided to pursue post-graduate studies in civil engineering, so he was enrolled in the federal institute of technology in Zurich, Switzerland in 1975.

he received his doctor rate in 1979, during that period he met and married his wife, who was a law student in Zurich.

A r c h I t e c tA r t I s tE n g I n e e r

• Santiago calatrava is a man of his time; an architect of public space, who has total conscience of the political and social function as well as the aesthetics of it. He is a ‘monumental’ architect. This comes out of the result exactly because he knows what public space and modernism means.

-evangelos venizelos Minister of culture

• Calatrava is not just an architect, he is an engineer and an artist a homo universalize of the 21st century. -dimitrios pantermalis

professor of classical archaeology

PHILOSOPHY

INSPIRATIONS

• The works of gothic• Works of antony Gaudi• human figure and nature’s creativity• Experimentation with materials and

their properties

San Sebastian - Bodegas Ysios opera de Tenerife

STYLES

• blends impressive visual style and the strict rules of engineering

• Symbolic AND recognizable the world over for the sense of movement captureD in a stationary object.

• long sweeping lines, stark white materials and a flawless use of glass and light.

• Had a definite vision of inside and outside, the concave and convex, of how we face the specific world

HSB,

TURNING TORSO,

MALMO,SWEDEN

HSB Turning Torso is one of the tallest residential buildings in Europe and holds apartments, offices and meeting facilities.

The vision of HSB Turning Torso is based on a sculpture called Twisting Torso by Santiago Calatrava himself. Inspiration from the human body in a twisting motion.

CONCEPTUAL STAGES

BUILDING FACTS

•190 metres high•Consists of nine cubes with five floors each.•Together with intermediate floors a total of 54 floors. •Each floor has 400m² of available space. •147 apartments from cube three to nine.•meeting facilities on the two top floors.•Each floor consists of a square part around the core and a triangular part which is supported by an external steel structure. •The entire construction twists 90 degrees on its way up with each floor tilting by 1.6 degrees

•Ground breaking 14th Feb 2001

•Construction started June 2001

•Casting of foundation March 2002

•Foundations complete August 2002

•Completion date November 2005

KEY DATES

JAN 2004

MAY 2003

CUBE 7

CUBE 5

CUBE 3

CUBE 9

RECEPTION

Plan of a typical floor

Plan of connecting floor

LOUNGES

AT FLOOR 43 & 49

GYM , SAUNA , JACUZZI

43RD FLOOR

CONFERENCE & PARTY FACILITIES

7TH FLOOR

ROTATION OF FLOORS

Forms for the floors were rotated approx. 1.6 degrees for each floor in order to create the characteristic twist of the building.

FACADE•facade is a glass and aluminum construction

•2,800 panels and 2,250 windows

•Follow the twist of the building, the windows are leaning either inwards or outwards by 0 to 7 degrees.

OUTER STEEL SUPORT AND SPINE

•The steel support is a welded construction with a very thorough paint treatment for optimal protection against corrosion.

•The outer steel support consists of a steel column and 20 horizontal and 18 diagonal ”steel cigars”

LIFTS

•3 lifts service the residential part of the building and HSB Turning Torso Meetings

•Two separate lifts service the offices :

ensures high capacity and minimum waiting even during “rush hour” and in the instances when a lift is closed for maintenance.

APARTMENTS

APARTMENTS

SHEETING & FOUNDATIONS

Foundation: built directly on the limestone bedrock. Profiled steel plates, forming the foundation shaft, were driven 15 m. into the ground and a further 3m into the limestone bedrock

Concrete beams, poured at regular intervals on the inside of the sheeting to stabilize the steel lining against the pressure of the soil outsideConcrete construction was poured onto the bedrock, 30 meters in diameter and 7 meters thick

CLIMBING FORMS AND BEAMS

each cube were made with so-called self-compacting concrete.

Because of its flow capacity, this type of concrete does not need vibrating.

PANAROMIC VIEW FROM THE 3RD CUBE:

1ST APARTMENT LEVEL

COMMERCIAL SPACE

• The total commercial space is approximately 4,000 m² in the lower two cubes i.e. 10 floors.

•The commercial area has its own lifts and all conceivable comforts in heating, cooling and IT systems.

• On the two top floors, 53rd and 54th.

•attractive and inspiring meeting facilities.

HSB Turning Torso Meetings

SOME OF CALATRAVAS MOST FAMOUSE STRUCTURE ALL AROUND THE WORLD.

Milwaukee arts museum

L’Hemisferic, Valencia Planetarium, IMEX Cinema

LYON AIRPORT STATION, FRANCE

BARCELONA COMUNICATION TOWER, BARCELONA, SPAIN

80 SOUTH STREET TOWER, NEW YORK CITY

AUDITORIO DE TENERIFE, SPAIN

SOME OF CALATRAVA’S MOST FAMOUSE BRIDGES ALL AROUND EUROPE

PONT D’ ORLEANS, FRANCE

ALAMILLO BRIDGE ,SEVILLE SPAIN

SUNDIAL BRIDGE AT TURTLE BAY, REDDING, CALIFORNIA

Puente de la Mujer, Buenos Aires, Argentina

CHORDS BRIDGE, JERUSELAM

conclusion

APPRAISAL•The elemental and lyrical forms of Calatrava’s architecture, known and loved across the globe. •Santiago Calatrava exemplifies sculptural expression and engineering through architecture. Calatrava’s work is like music: well orchestrated

•Although his buildings were known for their aesthetics, they never compromised on the grounds of functionality

•built energy efficient structures

•The fact that much of his work is centred around water which adds a further dimension to his work.

CRITICISM

•Often criticized for impracticality

•the mechanical instability of the structure and the excessive weight of the bridge

•Economy

•The trainstation Gare do Oriente in Lisbon is known for being very uncomfortable, especially with wind and rainy weather.

TRANSTATION GARE DO ORIENTE, LISBON, PORTUGAL

Thank you