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Santiago de Chile 12-13 January 2012
Roundtable 6: Lobby regulation
János BertókHead of Public Sector Integrity Division
Organización para la cooperación y el desarrollo económico (OCDE)
Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying:
OECD Principles
Overview
1.How can the OECD Principles on Lobbying help?
2.What are elements of strong lobbying regulation?
3.How is lobbying defined?
4.How we got here: data and lessons learned?
5.What are the views of lobbyists?
1. Depoliticise on-going debate based on lessons and dataPrinciples recognise: • Lobbying is a reality • Supports informed decision making
2. Highlight areas of concerns and challenges•Risks to level playing field: lack of transparency and privileged access•Improprer conduct
3. Present guidance and solutions to set standards for transparency and integrity in country contexts
How can the OECD Principles on Lobbying help?
1. Provide Guidance
• Level playing field – maintaining equilibrium of views
• Enhance transparency – disclosure on key aspects
• Foster integrity – guidelines on expected behaviour
• Secure compliance – enabling institutions and
modernise procedures
2. Menu of Policy Options
3. Whole of Government Approach
What do the Principles offer?
What are the elements of a strong lobby regulation?
Rules adequately address public concerns, conform to the socio-political context, consistent with the wider regulatory framework
• Clear definition of lobbyist and lobbying
• Disclosure requirement: intent, beneficiaries, funding
• Set enforceable standards of conduct for fostering a culture of integrity in lobbying: avoid misuse of
confidential information, conflict of interest
• Mechanisms for implementation and securing compliance: management, monitoring and enforcing
• Oral or written communication with a public official to influence decision making (legal, policy or administrative)
• What is the scope?
• executive and legislative branches;
• national and sub-national level;
How is Lobbying defined?
What data and lessons learned?
Lobbyists, Government and Public Trust:
Volume 1. Increasing transparency through legislation
Volume 2. Promoting integrity by self-regulation
What are the views of lobbyists?
It takes two to lobby: the other side of the coin
Experience with self-regulation
Views of lobbyists on transparency
Views of lobbyists 1:
Views of lobbyists 2:
Views of lobbyists 3:
Views of lobbyists 4:
Views of lobbyists 6:
Views of lobbyists 7:
Transparency and Access to Information
Accessibility of most commonly available information released by central government (2010)
Nivel de declaración de los intereses privados en los tres poderes del gobierno -Promedio de los países de la OCDE
Fuente: Encuesta de la OCDE sobre integridad. 2010
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
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Poder Ejecutivo Poder Legislativo Poder Judicial
Prohibido La información es declarada y está disponible al público La información es declarada y no está disponible al público
Nivel de declaración de los intereses privados en los tres poderes del gobierno
Fuente: Encuesta de la OCDE sobre integridad. 2010
BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEXActivos l l l l l l n l n l l n l n n l n nPasivos l l l l l l n l n l l n l n n l n n
Fuentes de ingreso l l l l l l n l n l l n l n n l n nNivel de ingresos l l l l n n l n l n n l nPuestos externos:
remuneradosl l l l l l n l n l l P P n P l n P
Puestos externos: No remunerados
l l l l n l P l l P P n n l n n
Regalos P l P P l P n P n P P P PPrevio empleo l l l l n n l n l n l n
llnP
Poder ejecutivo Poder legislativo Poder judicial
Tipo de interés privado
La información es declarada y está disponible al público impresa o en ligna
Prohibido
La información no requiere ser desclasificada
La información es declarada y disponible al público sólo por pedido
Camara de diputados Jueces FiscalesPresidenteMinistros-Miembros del
gabineteSenado
La información es declarada y no está disponible al público
Nivel de declaración de los intereses privados a través las áreas de riesgo-Promedio de los países de la OCDE
Fuente: Encuesta de la OCDE sobre integridad. 2010
BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEX BRA CHL MEXActivos l n l l n l l n lPasivos l n l l n l l n l
Fuentes de ingreso l n l l n l l n lNivel de ingresos l l l l l lPuestos externos:
remunerados n l l n l P n l
Puestos externos: No remunerados
n l n n
Regalos P P P P P P PPrevio empleo l l l l
llnP
La información es declarada y está disponible al público impresa o en ligna
La información es declarada y no está disponible al público
La información es declarada y disponible al público sólo por pedido
Tipo de interés privado
Oficiales de impuestos y aduanas
Agentes de adquisiciones y
contrataciónAutoridades financieras
La información no requiere ser desclasificada
Prohibido
19
For further informationWebsite: http://www.oecd.org/gov/ethics
Selected publications:• Government at a Glance (2011)• Public Governance Review : Brazil - Managing Risks for a Cleaner Public
Service (2011)• Lobbyists, Government and Public Trust, Vol. 2: Promoting Integrity by
Self-regulation (forthcoming)• Lobbyists, Government and Public Trust, Vol. 1: Increasing Transparency
through Legislation (2009)• Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement (2009), & Toolbox
(2010)
Contact: [email protected]