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    Cultivating Community:

    A

    Santo Domingo

    Revitalization Project

    Al

    ec

    John

    son

    &

    Jour

    dann

    Utk

    e

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    Table of Contents.........................1

    Introduction..........................2

    Community within a community.............3

    Social justice............................5

    Economic justice..........................6

    Environmental justice....................7

    Case Studies..............................8

    Batey Relief Alliance...............9

    Global Water.......................10

    Education for All..................11

    Creating a community

    City...............................12

    Site...............................13

    Culture............................15

    History of Dominican Republic......17

    Economic...........................18

    Informal settlements.........19

    Defining viable..............20Site specific......................21

    Climate............................23

    Circulation and movement...........24

    Appropriate technology.............25

    Water and waste....................26

    Sense of place.....................27

    Community design plan...................28

    Community design details................29

    Individual project design and details

    Alec Johnson.......................39

    Jourdann Utke......................52

    Bibliography............................59

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    1

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    INTRODUCTION

    We see much conflict and struggle for freedom when looking into thepast of the Dominican Republic. The people there have been severely taken

    advantage of for centuries. On that note, it is not at all surprising that

    there are trust issues with any outsiders. Even outsiders to the slums are

    watched cautiously. We, in our design, need to break past that trust barrier

    by showing the people that we understand their situation and we truly are

    there to try and provide them with a better standard of living. We are trying

    to begin to think outside of the American box so that we can understand what

    these people need most.

    Here are the characteristics that make a slum:

    Lack of basic services

    Substandard housing

    Overcrowding and high density

    Unhealthy/hazardous conditions

    Insecure tenure

    Poverty and social exclusion

    These characteristics, are the main issues that we will be addressing in

    our design solution. Health is the number one concern and the biggest problem.

    It becomes apparent when looking at the different slum characteristics that

    not one, but all of these characteristics infringe upon the opportunity for

    good health. Environmentally, methods for clean water and effective waste

    removal need to be thoroughly thought out within our design process.

    2

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    COMMUNITY WITHIN A COMMUNITY

    While physiological needs and confirmation of safety are the immediate goals

    of the project, we see a strong need for these people to be an essential part of the

    community located both inside and outside the slum. As we now know, there are veryclose ties with family and extended family, because within family there lies security

    and reliability. But what about the rest of the shantytown community? What sort of

    family to family relationships are being sought? From what we can find, apart from

    the occasional close family friend, families within the slum still find it difficult

    to truly interact (issues of trust and pride) with the other members of the shantytown

    community. This is where our design comes in.

    By setting up programs (waste management, recycling, water purification, education,

    community cash crop gardens, etc.) within the shantytown community, people will need

    to learn how to follow, lead, trust, respect, and love the people surrounding them.

    These community programs are not just a way to meet physiological needs, they are a

    way to help strengthen the bond, the relationships, the esteem and the pride of the

    community and its members. Within these programs, the true character, aspirations,

    and talents of the different members will begin to become apparent. Within this

    community body there are cooks, cleaners, construction workers, craftsmen, counselors,

    artists, and everything in-between. These people are in no way useless; they simply

    lack the opportunity to truly shine. Once the shantytown has learned to trust andrely on itself, the next step is to re-connect with the surrounding community.

    The people living within these slums are often shunned or forgotten by the

    surrounding community, leaving these individuals with few or no ties to the outside

    world. This does nothing but promote slum living for the shantytown members; and

    this is unacceptable. The same programs that worked to evolve the shantytown into

    an actual community within a community will now continue to act as a channel to the

    outside world.

    3

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    These programs are intended to work with the already developed city programs.

    Waste management, education, healthcare, public transportation, and farming; theseare already programs currently run and made available by the city for the city.

    Our design solution intends to bridge the gap between shantytown and city by first

    plugging into these various programs. By including the new-formed community in

    with the surrounding community, opportunities for jobs and social acceptance begin

    to reveal themselves. Once these opportunities arise, the people of this slum will

    once again become valued members of society. Paired with these programs, there

    will be a new public market and educational center designed to draw the surrounding

    public to the area. This center will aid as an economic stronghold for the new-found

    community, once again utilizing individual and community talents and work ethic as a

    tool for botheconomic, self, and community growth. Once these people are shown even

    the slightest window of opportunity (from what we know of their mind set, attitude,

    and overall way of life), they will squeeze tight and never let go.

    Self-actualization

    Esteem

    Love/belonging

    Safety

    Physiological Unit/Community Gardens, Water Collection/Purifcation,Secure Shelter, Spatial Organization, Community Hygiene Station

    Neighborhood Design, Waste Collection/Removal,

    Drainage Solution, Health Care, Structured Circulation

    Family Unit, Neighborhood Design, Religion,

    Public Space Pockets, Community Outreach

    Public Market, Education,

    Construction, Community Gardens

    Education,

    Celebration,Public Market,

    Future Growth,

    Specialized Goods,

    Public Space Pockets

    Pro

    blem

    Solution

    4

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    SOCIAL JUSTICE

    Social justice is based on the concept of human rights and

    equality. Not only are these concepts just inside the courtroom,

    but throughout society as a whole. It involves opportunities and

    develops ways to find the balance of the rich and the povertystricken equality. This could entail equal opportunities or

    anti-discrimination programs. Social justice provides access to

    what is best for people individually as well as other group

    associations.

    5

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    ECONOMIC JUSTICE

    Economic justice is based on moral guidelines which design our

    economic institutions. The institutions determine how individuals

    earn an income, earn a living, enters contracts with others, and

    trade goods and services. It still is involved on the human-scaledlevel dealing with individuals, communities, or other groups. The

    opportunities created through economic justice are endless. There

    is a balance found within economic justice. It involves input,

    output, and feedback. These three elements are needed in order to

    restore balance between input and output.

    6

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    ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE

    Environmental justice is based on peoples response to

    environmental racism found in society. This could entail

    discrimination and limited access to goods and services, benefits,

    and opportunities. Environmental justice acknowledges all people

    the right to economic, cultural, political, and environmental

    self-determination. It also acknowledges the right to be free from

    ecological destruction, the right to have equal partners in all

    levels of decision making, the right to have a safe and healthy

    work environment, and the right to oppose destructive operations

    of corporations.

    7

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    CASE STUDIES

    Batey Relief Alliance

    Global Water

    Project ABC

    8

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    is a non-profit, non-political, humanitarian aid entity uniting grassroots

    groups, faith-based organizations, government agencies, and the international

    community in a strategic partnership to help create a safe, productive andself-sufficient environment, through health care, education and development

    programs, for children and their families severely affected by extreme poverty,

    disease, and hunger in the United States and the Caribbean.

    BRA DOMINICANA is a non-governmental organization (NGO) based in the

    Dominican Republic. BRA delivers services to improve impoverished communities

    through the country. BRA was invited to the National Palace in the Dominican

    Republic to discuss the plans for the overall humanitarian health care planfor the countrys most impoverished. They accept financial donations from

    individuals, corporations, and foundations.

    BRA runs projects in the U.S. office in New York to:

    Raise public awareness

    o International conferences

    o Education

    o Humanitarian effort Issues of inequity

    o Racial intolerance o Human rightso HIV/AIDS

    Batey Relief Alliance(BRA)

    9

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    ...is an international, non-profit, humanitarian organization founded in 1982.

    Their main focus is creating safe sanitation facilities, water supplies, and

    hygiene-related facilities in rural villages in developing countries. We believethe lack of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities are the root causes of

    hunger, disease and poverty throughout the developing world. By providing clean

    water to a community, the impacts of education, personal growth, and business

    opportunities become astoundingly increased.

    Assorted projects include:

    Surface water supply Distribution systems

    Rain harvesting supply systems

    Water-well drilling

    Hand pump installations and repairs

    Water treatment equipment

    Latrines

    School hand-washing stations

    Community laundry and bathing facilities Watershed reforestation

    Health and hygiene education

    Global Water works directly with other small non-profit organizations in

    developing countries. The developing countries need safe water and sanitation

    facilities. Global Water plans to continue to fund these projects.

    Global Water

    10

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    In spring of 2002, College students who were studying abroad in the DominicanRepublic from the United States, volunteered as literacy instructors. Education

    for All was born from this experience. Education for All: Project ABC created

    a network of classes around Santo Domingo to teach self-sustainable literacy

    classes. It teaches communities about opportunities for development social,

    economic, and political.

    Project ABC is trying to do and improve on the following items in Santo Domingo:

    Reading skills Writing skills

    Mathematics

    Provide opportunities

    Connect communities

    People in the Dominican Republic can be denied access to public schools or

    educational programs if they do not have a Dominican birth certificate. Children

    who are believed to be Haitian or who are born and suspected to be of Haitiandescent are denied birth certificates. This dramatically decreases the amount of

    educated children as well as adults. Thanks to Project ABC, Proliteracy Worldwide

    contributed 600 books to 600 children over two years. The academic school year of

    2006-2007 was still being supported by Proliteracy Worldwide. They helped over

    130 people directly, engaged with community members through workshops or learning

    activities related to health, civil rights, and educational opportunities.

    Increase awareness of human rights

    Increase awareness of civil rights

    Greater integration to society

    Express ideas and concerns of community

    Education for All:Project ABC

    11

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    CITY

    country's capital,

    largest city,

    leading port,

    primary commercial center.

    Santo Domingo

    Capital -Santo Domingo

    Population - 8.9 million (2005), 3 million in

    Santo Domingo

    Currency - Dominican Peso

    Language - Spanish

    Religion - Catholic

    Government - Representative Democracy

    Independence - February 27, 1844 (from Haiti)

    Ethnic Groups - European, African, Mixed

    Climate - Maritime Semitropical

    Social Stratification:

    Upper Class- European Ancestry

    Middle Class- European and Haitian mix(mulattoe); majority of the population

    Lower Class- Descendents of Haitiansor African slaves

    12

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    SITE

    Map Key

    Prevailing Winds

    Medium High

    Trafc Area

    Medium Trafc

    Area

    Low Trafc Area

    High Trafc Area

    Sun Path

    N

    Circulation PatternsGetting a sense for the traffic

    patterns of the area sheds lightwhen addressing issues of safety,

    noise control, and accessibility to

    and from the site.

    Sun & Wind PatternsWith the site located relatively close to

    the equator, there is no doubt that we will

    be addressing issues of hot weather, notcold. The site receives much sun throughout

    the entirety of the day. The prevailing

    winds generate from the north, the east,

    and most dominantly the northeast. These

    insights help immensely when using building

    orientation to determine lighting, and

    heating and cooling issues.

    13

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    The site is located in the Dominican Republicon the island of Hispaniola. Hispaniola is

    bordered by theAtlantic Oceanto the north and

    theCaribbean Seato the south. The Dominicanshares the island with the country of Haiti; with

    Haiti occupying the west and the Dominican Republic

    to the east.

    The site is located on the south side of the

    city ofSanto Domingo. The capital city has a

    population of over 3 millionpeople (2006).

    The site is a2.5 acre piece of unusable land.There is a power plant to the northeast and an

    electrical hub to the south. The Ozama River runs

    just east of the site.

    Regional Scale

    Local Scale

    Site Scale

    14

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    CULTURE

    Familyis definitely the most important value of the Dominican people. Withsuch a troubled history, children are taught at a very young age that there is

    safety and reliability within family. Trust(Confanze) is highly valued by thepeople, but it is not quickly or easily gained by outsiders. It is normal for

    immediate and extended family to live together under one roof.

    Foodis a big part of the Dominican culture. There is usually one main mealserved at midday. This meal can and usually does turn into a social event thatmay last up to two hours. Again, time is less of a concern, while building

    strong bonds between people is vitally important.

    The people of the Dominican Republic are very proud and have an aggressive

    attitude towards everything they do. Relationships between people are more

    important than the busyness of everyday life. They are a very curious people

    and because of that it is not uncommon for people to be forward or ask personal

    questions. Personal space is limited, eye contact is expected, and it is

    considered rude to stand back from another person during a conversation. Humor

    and laughter play a big role in communicating, and Dominicans are generally a

    very happy people.

    15

    Common Foods: Plantains, rice, beans, sweet potatoes,

    yams, cassava, potatoes, chicken, beef, pork, goat

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    Along with the numerous Catholic holidays celebrated in the Dominican

    Republic, there are many secular holidays and different festivals scattered

    throughout the different months of the year. Dominicans jump at the opportunity

    to celebrate, as it is a great time to socialize and come to together as a

    community.

    Dominicans are known for their love of music and dance. There is music

    playing throughout the entirety of the day and well into the night. When there

    is music, there will usually be people dancing. The dress is usually very

    colorful and vibrant. Marengue and Bachata music in particular are favored

    by the people inhabiting the shantytowns. Bachata evolved from a pan-American

    style called bolero said to have originated in Cuba.

    16

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    HISTORY

    Christopher Columbus discovered the Dominican Republic on December 5,

    1492. Columbus re-named it Hispaniola. The Island was already inhabited byaround 600,000 of the native Taino Indians. The Taino people were very family

    focused, with multiple families living under one roof. This is still the

    primary focus of the people today. Within one year of Columbus landing on the

    island, the Taino people were thrown into slavery. African slaves were also

    brought over within this time to serve as laborers on the plantations. Two-

    thirds of the island was under Spanish control, while the western one-third was

    under French control. In 1794 slavery was abolished by the French out of fear

    of revolt. The next one hundred and sixty years in Hispaniola was basically abattle for control. Attempts at putting a democratic government into motion

    were shattered in 1924 when Raphael Leonidas Trujilo turned Hispaniola into a

    complete totalitarian state. This was one of the greatest dictatorships ever

    created. He was assassinated thirty-seven years later. Since then the country

    has struggled with status stratification, human rights issues, debt and economic

    downfalls. This back and forth struggle for independence has greatly influenced

    the culture, and the overall mind set of the people.

    Urban Migration: During the 1900s there was a strong desire from thelocal people to migrate from their rural dwellings into the urban cities. Santa

    Domingos population doubled steadily around every ten years between 1920 and

    1970.

    17

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    ECONOMIC POVERTY

    70%ofDominican peoplelive inpoverty.

    65%of the people living in Santo Domingo live in slums. Slums

    make up20%of the citys mass. So,65%of the people in Santo

    Domingo live in20%of the citys mass...

    In a slum there is no guarantee:of a steady or fixed income,

    that the people wont be kicked off their land,

    of protection,

    of decent health,

    No true way to express opinions, aspirations, or needs within the present

    socio-political context.

    Educational Issues:

    The children in these slums have limited access to schooling. Although

    schooling is free through high school, very few children in the slum complete

    their schooling. Most of these children simply learn from their families and

    the shantytown community. With no formal education, children grow up living

    in the manner that their parents did; thus forming a full circle of taught

    poverty.

    18

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    INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS

    INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS(Slum, barrio, favela, chawls, katras, etc)

    A Heavily Populated Urban Area Characterized by Substandard

    Housing and Squalor

    -UN

    19

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    DEFINING VIABLE

    These are the characteristics that define a slum:

    Lack of basic services

    Substandard housing

    Overcrowding and high density

    Unhealthy/hazardous conditions

    Insecure tenure

    Poverty and social exclusion

    By providing design solutions to help resolve these

    issues, theSanto Domingo Revitalization Project

    successfully allows for the growth, expansion, and development

    of the physical, mental, and spiritual realms of the

    individual and the community.

    viable

    having the ability to grow, expand, and develop.

    20

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    SITE SPECIFIC

    It is very important to design and build according to the site. We beganour design with the land. The land is very diverse; it ranges from a very low

    slope to a very high slope. Next, we had to ask ourselves some questions.

    Where does it make sense to build? What is the most desirable place to live?

    How do we acknowledge the problem of drainage? With these questions in mind,

    problems exposed and we needed to work around them all; the questions, the

    landscape, as well as the needs and wants of the people.

    We chose to utilize the low slope for the primary area of building and

    living. We designed a public market area (orange) which is accessible to the

    surrounding community. This has a minimally-designed plaza where it can have

    multiple community functions. A bus stop and bicycle racks will be available

    to bring this community and the surrounding communities together. Also, there

    is the community Outreach Center. This center also has multiple functions:

    education, health care, religion, arts (crafts, dance, etc.), community

    meetings, and a community hygiene station. The Outreach Center is to be builtfirst - the residents will be able to receive the necessary education to

    successfully build their own homes. This market area will have a garbage and

    recycling center to promote a clean and non-wasteful community.

    21

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    Once the buildings begin to sprout, small neighborhoods and

    public space pockets will be formed. Where the landscape begins

    to drastically change (drainage area), there is different uses and

    methods of building. The drainage area is an undesirable location

    for construction. The slope is very steep; all water and waste drain

    right down the center. We propose public gardens to be used where

    the slope is un-buildable. This creates many opportunities such as a

    food source, jobs, and profit. We did propose some housing in this

    public garden area (green). These housing units are built for those

    who choose to grow, maintain, harvest, and sell produce as their

    primary job.

    22

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    CIRCULATION AND MOVEMENT

    24

    The circulation pattern is designed withfluidity; providing

    multiplepaths,nodes, and public space pocketsthatmake the entire revitalization project easily accessible. The

    exterior neighborhood walls help define public circulation space,

    while the interior neighborhood walls create a more private,

    neighborhood space.

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    APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

    o Water treatment water needs to be clean to drink or cook. Wehave found multiple organizations that would

    possibly donate (or very cheaply sell) their

    products that will filter and clean the water.

    This would help promote their name and product

    as well as help those who are in need.

    o Water collection cisterns will collect rainwater which can beused to drink, cook, and wash.

    o Education the more they can learn, the better they can become. Wewant to push their limits.

    o Recycling/trash collection this will clean the area andhelp the environment.

    o Healthcare a clinic will be located in our community OutreachCenter to help with illnesses or injuries.

    o Solar energy solar collectors for electricity to use in homes aswell as in the group kitchenette for cooking or

    baking.

    o Solar water heater heats water for cooking and/or bathing andwashing

    25

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    WATER AND WASTE

    Water is a necessity of life.

    We take clean water for granted; here

    in Santo Domingo clean water is a

    luxury. Using unsanitary water for

    cooking, drinking, or bathing is

    unhealthy. Water is absolutely the

    best way to impact rural villagers in

    the developing world in a positive

    way.

    Waste is currently dispersed

    throughout the site. This is also

    unhealthy. We have provided two trash

    and recycling stations for the people

    to use. These are located along the

    street allowing easy access for removal

    by Santo Domingo Waste Management;making this process as easy for both

    the residents and waste management. We

    want the people to know the benefits

    of recycling and throwing trash into

    proper receptacles. This small task

    can better their community as well as

    to the Earth.

    26

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    SENSE OF PLACE

    In our society, growing up we had many things that - now looking back - wetake for granted. We have a home, family, toys, love, means for transportation,

    friends, clean water, community, food - the list could go on and on. All

    of these things are just ordinary; common. In the slums of Santo Domingo

    things are different. All the families residing here have are family, love,

    community, friends, and a few meager possessions. Homes are constructed of

    found materials, no sense of order. It is chaotic. Conditions are unsanitary

    and unsafe. We would like to aid these residents. We would like to create a

    cleaner, more safe environment to grow, live, work, and play.

    We have provided the skill set required to create the basic necessities

    of living. We designed a community that creates neighborhoods, a sense of

    closeness, a feeling of more security, more open space for children and adults

    to play, tighter community bonds, skills, job opportunities, responsibility,

    motivation, work ethic, ownership, and much more.

    We designed gardens for the residents to tend. We designed homes forthese residents in which they can take pride in constructing. We have provided

    shelter for everyone, recycling and garbage centers, community bath and hygiene

    stations, community outreach center, public market, public space pockets, and

    more.

    27

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    COMMUNITY DESIGN PLAN

    Outreach Center Housing Circulation Public Space Pocket Public Gardens Waste & Recycling Drop Community Bath & Hygiene Center

    28

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    PHASING

    The market and Outreach Center will be constructed first.

    This will allow the residents to receive the education

    necessary to successfully build their own homes.

    Phase One

    29

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    The construction of each unit, neighborhood, public

    space pocket, and community bath & hygiene stations are

    the next step in the phasing process. This phase will

    take the longest amount of time.

    Phase Two

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    In order to

    create our design

    solution, people will

    need to be relocated

    while their new home

    is being built. We have

    utilized the more spacious

    areas of the site in order

    to build temporary housing

    for those who are displaced.

    Our proposed housing plan is

    constructed in a unit by unit fashion;

    keeping the number of people relocated

    to a minimum and thus resolving any

    displacement issue.

    DISPLACEMENT

    32

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    NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSING

    Unit by Unit Construction

    Family Unit

    Unit Garden

    Group Kitchenette

    Second Story Addition

    33

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    KITCHENETTE DETAIL

    Solar Collection Panel Water Collection

    Solar Water Heater Cookware Storage

    Electric Kitchenette

    34

    Group kitchenettes have been placed within theneighborhoods to provide clean water, a food preparation

    area, and solar energy to the families.

    Distinguished Features:

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    COMMUNITY OUTREACH

    Outreach Center

    Market Area / Multi-Use Space

    Community Bath

    Garbage / Recycling Center

    Bus Stop

    Bicycle Racks

    Placed Post Holes

    Features

    Post Hole Detail

    35

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    Community Outreach Market36

    The rendering below shows how both the residents and surrounding

    locals utilize the market / multi-use space. Resident artisans are seen

    bartering with the surrounding community. Another tie to the surrounding

    community is the use of public transportation. This provides the area

    with the opportunity to commute throughout the city much easier.

    PUBLICSPACEPOCKET

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    PUBLIC SPACE POCKET

    37 The neighborhoods are designed to compliment each other. Publicspace pockets are surrounded by built neighborhoods; the buildings define

    these pockets. These areas allow for multiple uses - social interaction,family events, baseball games, building crafts, celebrations, etc. These

    minimally designed spaces will be continuously occupied by residents

    of the community throughout the duration of the day, preventing

    unwanted building in the area.

    37

    DRAINAGESOLUTION

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    DRAINAGE SOLUTION

    38

    Drainage is also a big issue. We have addressed and designed a

    solution. A decking expansion will be built between the homes of the

    neighborhood located within the drainage ditch area. This will allow the

    neighborhood to have group space between the houses and the drainage is

    able to run underneath the decking this is more sanitary than walking

    through it to get to the other houses.

    Al Jh

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    Alec Johnson

    39

    By providing the impoverished community within

    the Santo Domingo area the necessary knowledge

    and tools to succeed, the people will prosper

    physically, mentally and socially. During the first

    phase of development, the residents will be taught

    how to construct their new community so that their

    individual needs are met. General design solutions that

    are easily customized are presented to the community;

    educating the people as a whole while allowing for

    creativity and flexibility within each family unit.

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    40

    First Floor

    Kitchen /

    Dining Room

    Common Room /

    Sleeping Area

    Garden

    Second Floor

    Kitchen /

    Dining Room

    Common Room /

    Sleeping Area

    EXAMPLE PLAN #1

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    First Floor

    Common Room

    Kitchen

    Dining Room

    Sleeping Area

    Garden

    Second Floor

    Sleeping Area

    Common Room

    Dining RoomKitchen

    EXAMPLE PLAN #241

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    FAMILY HOUSING SECTION42

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    During the first

    phase of the community

    design, all trash will

    be either thrown orsalvaged. Glass bottles

    will be salvaged and

    utilized during the

    construction process

    as additional housing

    ventilation. The bottles

    are cast directly into

    the wall without their

    base, regulating cool

    and warm air throughout

    the unit as needed.

    VENTILATION43 Tech Solutions

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    Clean water is a necessity in everyday

    life. In order to make sure this need is met,

    water collection systems have been implemented

    in each unit. Rain water is gathered at the

    roof and is stored in a collection tank on

    ground level. The water can than be boiled

    or ran through portable filters to use for

    drinking, cooking, and cleaning.

    Tech Solutions

    WATER COLLECTION

    44

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    In addition to the

    structural walls constructed

    throughout the units, movable walls can be used for make

    shift privacy. The wall can be stretched to divide a

    room or coiled to allow for a more open floor plan.

    Constructed from salvaged wood and chain link fence,

    the movable wall is a minimal cost solution that allows

    for customization and flexibility within the home.

    Tech Solutions

    PORTABLE PRIVACY

    45

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    Lighting and ventilation play an essential role in every housing

    solution. Operable windows are set within the walls to satisfy this

    condition. With excessive heat being a problem, various directional opening

    options have been designed to block direct UV rays while allowing for the

    infiltration of indirect light. Corresponding with each side of the house,

    windows may open upward, downward, or side to side to block direct light.

    Tech Solutions

    OPERABLE WINDOWS

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    Tech SolutionsGROUP KITCHENETTEIn order to strengthen neighborhood relationships and

    uphold cultural traditions, a group kitchenette will be placed

    within each neighborhood. The kitchenette is equipped with a

    solar collection panel, a solar water heater, a series of

    solar kitchenettes, water collection, and cookware storage.

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    BIRDS EYE NEIGBORHOOD PERSPECTIVE 48

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    49 NEIGHBORHOOD INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

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    50MODEL PHOTOS

    NorthWest Corner

    SouthEast Corner

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    51

    South Perspective

    Jourdann Utke

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    52

    What do you think when you

    hear the word slum? Garbage?

    Chaos? Both are evident in

    Santo Domingo. Organization

    is not evident and pollution

    negatively affects those who

    live in this area. As a design

    team we have created a more

    organized and environmentally

    friendly community design

    plan.

    This area is densely polluted with glass and

    plastic bottles. As a way to help clean the area,

    I have incorporated these bottles into my wall

    design. These bottles have both ends open creating

    air flow through the walls. It also allows for

    more natural day lighting to enter the interior

    of the structure. Another benefit of using glass

    and plastic bottles is that it is a found material

    in other words it is free of charge.

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    BIBLIOGRAPHY

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    Batey relief alliance. (1997). Retrieved from

    http://www.bateyrelief.org/

    Colonial zone - dominician republic: transportation. (2005). Retrieved

    from http://www.colonialzone-dr.com/transportation.html

    Center for economic and social justice. (n.d.). Retrieved from

    http://www.cesj.org/thirdway/economicjustice-defined.htm

    Dominican republic. (n.d.). Retrieved from

    http://www.godominicanrepublic.com/

    Ellis-Christensen, T. (2003). What is Social justice?. Retrieved from

    http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-social-justice.htm

    Global water: changing the world - one village at a time. (2003).

    Retrieved from http://www.globalwater.org/

    Project abc: community literacy in the bateyes. (2006). Retrieved fromhttp://www.proyectoabc.org/

    Santo domingo. (1996). Retrieved from http://dr1.com/travel/santodomingo/

    Schweizer, E. (1999, July). Environmental justice: an interview with

    robert bullard. Retrieved from http://www.ejnet.org/ej/bullard.html

    59


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