+ All Categories
Home > Documents > SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers...

SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers...

Date post: 30-Jan-2018
Category:
Upload: doandat
View: 302 times
Download: 7 times
Share this document with a friend
12
SAP ® BW on SAP HANA ® Christian Savelli
Transcript
Page 1: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

SAP® BW on SAP HANA®

Christian Savelli

Page 2: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

TABLE OF CONTENTS

5

Table of Contents Preface 9

Acknowledgements 10

1 Enterprise data warehouse on SAP BW 13 1.1 SAP HANA as an in-memory database 16 1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 1.3 Benefits of running SAP BW on SAP HANA 19 1.4 Navigating this book 21

2 An introduction to data modeling on EDW on SAP BW on SAP HANA 23 2.1 SAP HANA studio 23 2.2 SAP HANA native modeling 26 2.3 Summary 34

3 Cross-consumption of data models on SAP BW on SAP HANA 35 3.1 Consuming SAP BW models in SAP HANA 35 3.2 Consuming SAP HANA models in SAP BW 39 3.3 SAP BW 7.4 composite providers 41 3.4 SAP BW open ODS views 45 3.5 Summary 47

4 SAP BW backend optimized by SAP HANA 49 4.1 SAP BW administrator workbench optimized by SAP

HANA 51 4.2 SAP BW optimized InfoCubes 51 4.3 SAP BW optimized datastore objects 54 4.4 SAP HANA optimized data staging 55 4.5 HANA analysis process (HAP) 58 4.6 Summary 59

Page 3: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

TABLE OF CONTENTS

6

5 Data provisioning in SAP BW on SAP HANA 61 5.1 Data provisioning via extraction with persistence within

the EDW database 62 5.2 SAP extractors 63 5.3 SAP Data Services 71 5.4 Flat file interface 73 5.5 SAP Landscape Transformation 73 5.6 Summary 75

6 Enabling data virtualization in SAP BW on SAP HANA 77 6.1 Data virtualization and the SAP BW application 77 6.2 Open operational data store layer 79 6.3 Field-based data modeling 83 6.4 Association of open ODS view fields to SAP BW models 85 6.5 SAP HANA smart data access 87 6.6 Combining smart data access and open ODS views 89 6.7 Summary 89

7 EDW modeling simplification enabled by SAP BW on SAP HANA 91 7.1 Evolving data warehouse modelling techniques 91 7.2 Layered scalable architecture (LSA) 92 7.3 Layered scalable architecture plus plus (LSA++) 94 7.4 The LSA++ layer reduction flavor 95 7.5 The LSA++ modeling object simplification flavor 97 7.6 Advanced datastore objects (ADSO) 99 7.7 Enhanced composite providers 101 7.8 Summary 103

8 Data lifecycle management of SAP BW on SAP HANA 105 8.1 Data temperature concept 105 8.2 Data temperature concept applied to SAP BW 106 8.3 Managing hot and warm data within an SAP BW on SAP

HANA context 108

Page 4: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

TABLE OF CONTENTS

7

8.4 SAP HANA dynamic tiering 109 8.5 Managing cold data within an SAP BW on SAP HANA

context 111 8.6 Managing frozen data within an SAP BW on SAP HANA

context 115 8.7 Data lifecycle management and Big Data 116 8.8 Summary 118

9 Preparing an SAP BW application to run on SAP HANA 119 9.1 Upgrade-migrate approach 119 9.2 SAP BW adjustments prior to upgrading to an SAP

HANA compatible version 121 9.3 SAP BW HANA checklist 139 9.4 Summary 140

10 SAP BW on SAP HANA post-migration tasks and operations 141 10.1 Optimization of SAP BW cube layer 141 10.2 Enablement of Internet communication framework (ICF)

services 143 10.3 Cleanup of obsolete process chain types 148 10.4 SAP HANA memory management 149 10.5 Summary 156

11 Final thoughts 157

A The Author 160

B Index 161

C Disclaimer 163

Page 5: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

23

2 An introduction to data modeling on EDW on SAP BW on SAP HANA

Data modeling comes with a twist when running SAP BW on SAP HANA. As explained in Chapter 1, SAP HANA is not just an in-memory database but also a platform to build new applications. This means data modeling is also available within SAP HANA itself. Hav-ing SAP BW on SAP HANA then entails two distinct modeling envi-ronments that can be easily integrated, allowing cross-modeling to support mixed scenarios. One environment is the SAP BW data warehouse workbench, well known by SAP BW consultants. The other modeling environment is SAP HANA studio.

2.1 SAP HANA studio

SAP defines SAP HANA studio as an Eclipse-based development and administration environment for working with SAP HANA. Eclipse itself is an integrated development environment (IDE) written mostly in Java that offers a base workspace extensible via plug-ins. SAP HANA studio is one of such plugins.

Using lesser technical terms, SAP HANA studio is a client tool that al-lows one to connect to an SAP HANA database to perform typical data-base administrative tasks as well as to maintain SAP HANA artifacts, such as tables, views, and procedures. In addition, SAP HANA studio also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for the development of applications based on SAP HANA.

Page 6: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA MODELING ON EDW ON SAP BW ON SAP HANA

24

Figure 2.1: Launching SAP HANA studio, an Eclipse-based client tool for development and administration of SAP HANA database

Because it is an Eclipse-based IDE, SAP HANA studio can be opened like any desktop application, as demonstrated in Figure 2.1. As with oth-er Eclipse-based environments, SAP HANA studio offers several per-spectives. A perspective is a collection of screen elements that are se-lected and customized for visualization according to the interaction de-sired with SAP HANA database. In a nutshell, a perspective is a prede-fined view of SAP HANA studio. A partial list of the perspectives can be seen in Figure 2.2.

Page 7: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA MODELING ON EDW ON SAP BW ON SAP HANA

25

Figure 2.2: Perspectives are predefined views within SAP HANA studio

Two perspectives are of interest when discussing data modeling within an SAP BW on SAP HANA context: SAP HANA modeler perspective and BW modeling perspective. The next sections of this chapters dive into these two perspectives specifically.

BW modeling perspective requirements

The BW modeling perspective is only available for SAP BW 7.4 SP5 and higher. As per SAP documentation, other requirements for the availability of the BW mode-ling perspective within SAP HANA studio include:

Windows OS 7 on local PC Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 1.6 or higher Internet Explorer 7.0 or higher or Firefox 4.0 or higher SAP GUI for Windows 7.20, patch level 9 or higher SAP HANA studio (32-bit or 64-bit for Windows) SP08 or higher

on local PC

Page 8: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA MODELING ON EDW ON SAP BW ON SAP HANA

26

2.2 SAP HANA native modeling

SAP HANA native modeling relates to the activities associated with cre-ating views on top of database tables to depict desired business scenar-ios or address reporting requirements. Figure 2.3 demonstrates SAP HANA studio’s modeler perspective and how a user would view his or her home screen. Notice the list of views that can be created. These views are information views in SAP HANA and can be created, changed, and deleted via the SAP HANA modeler perspective.

Figure 2.3: SAP HANA modeler perspective

Information views are therefore logical, non-materialized structures act-ing as a semantic layer over the SAP HANA index server, allowing re-porting tools to access data stored within SAP HANA tables.

SAP HANA tables are organized by schemas under the catalog folder. Schemas are groups of tables, database views, and procedures of a database. Schemas can be seen as the blueprints of the database and are commonly used to restrict access to certain database content. The association of users to schemas results into proper segregation of ac-cess to content groups.

Page 9: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

AN INTRODUCTION TO DATA MODELING ON EDW ON SAP BW ON SAP HANA

27

Information views are organized by packages under the content folder. They organize data as per business needs and do not follow technically defined schemas. An information view, for example, could be created associating tables from sales and finance schemas to address reporting needs of a sales department. An information view like this would proba-bly be stored under a package with a suggestive name such as “Order to Cash Analysis” package.

In a nutshell, SAP HANA tables are organized by schemas under the catalog folder representing the technical view of the database. Infor-mation views are organized by packages under the content folder repre-senting the business view of the database contents. Figure 2.4 demon-strates the file structure within SAP HANA studio.

Figure 2.4: SAP HANA studio catalog and content folders

The catalog, therefore, is the usual workspace for SAP HANA develop-ers. A dedicated SAP HANA perspective named SAP HANA develop-ment is available for such users. The focus for SAP HANA modelers on the other hand is centered on the content folder. It is under this folder that information views can be maintained to slice, filter, and join SAP HANA tables to address specific business requirements. Three types of information views can be created within the content folder: attribute views, analytical views, and calculation views.

2.2.1 Attribute views

Attribute views are used to represent an entity relationship model at the attribute level. As an analogy, an attribute view could be seen as similar to an SAP BW master data model with a main entity combined with its attributes and texts. An attribute view is a self-contained unit, a dimen-sion that joins SAP HANA tables and can be reused on any other SAP HANA model or consumed directly by reports.

Page 10: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

INDEX

161

B Index

C Column storage

Data compression 17 Indexation 17 Sorting 17 Surrogate keys 17

Column views 35

F Filter 27

I Information views 27

Analytical views 28 Attribute views 27 Calculation views 32

In-memory data platform 18

J Join 27

N Native modeling 26

P Processing engines 17

S SAP BW on SAP HANA

Benefits 19 Data lifecycle management (DLM)

105 Big Data initiatives 116

Data archiving process 115 Data temperature concept 105 Dymanic tiering 109 Near-line storage (NLS) 111

Data modeling Advanced datastore objects

(ADSO) 99 Consuming SAP HANA models

39 Cross-consumption of data

models 35 EDW modeling simplification 91 Enhanced Composite providers

41 Layered acalable architecture

plus plus (LSA++) 94 Layered scalable architecture

(LSA) 92 LSA layer reduction 96 SAP BW open operational data

store (ODS) 45 Data provisioning 45, 61

BusinessObjects Data Services (BODS) 71

Data Extraction 61 Data persistency 61 Data Replication 61 Data virtualization 61 Flat file interfaces 73 Operational data provisioning

(ODP) 63 SAP extractors 63 SAP Landscape Transformation

(SLT) 73 Data virtualization

Data association 85 Field based modeling 83

Page 11: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

INDEX

162

Open ODS view semantics 79 Open operational data store layer

79 SAP BW Optimized

Administrator workbench 51 Analysis process 58 Data staging 55 Datastore objects 54 InfoCubes 51

SAP HANA studio Perspectives 24

BW modeling perspective 25 HANA modeler perspective 26

Schemas 26 Slice 27 Smart Data Access (SDA) 87

T Tables 26

U Upgrade-migrate

Adjustments to SAP BW 122 Delta merge 151 ICF services 143

Checks and cleanup 148 Master data maintenance 143 Metadata repository viewer 145

In-place migration 120 Memory management 149 New installation route 120 Optimization of SAP BW cube

layer 141 Parallel landscape 120

Page 12: SAP BW on SAP HANA - Espresso Tutorials · PDF file1.2 SAP BW on SAP HANA 18 ... also offers user and authorization management and SAP HANA extend-ed application services (XS) for

DISCLAIMER

163

C Disclaimer This publication contains references to the products of SAP SE.

SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, SAP Busi-nessObjects Explorer, StreamWork, and other SAP products and ser-vices mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP SE in Germany and other countries.

Business Objects and the Business Objects logo, BusinessObjects, Crystal Reports, Crystal Decisions, Web Intelligence, Xcelsius, and other Business Objects products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Busi-ness Objects Software Ltd. Business Objects is an SAP company.

Sybase and Adaptive Server, iAnywhere, Sybase 365, SQL Anywhere, and other Sybase products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sybase, Inc. Sybase is an SAP company.

SAP SE is neither the author nor the publisher of this publication and is not responsible for its content. SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warran-ty.


Recommended