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SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

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A business of Overview of SAP BW
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Page 1: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

A business of

Overview of SAP BW

Page 2: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

2

1. Agenda

Page 3: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

3

Contents

SAP BW Overview and Concepts Introducing the Administrator Workbench Data Modeling and Loading Data Extraction (OLTP and Remote Systems) The ODS and Business Content Production Support BEX Reporting

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4

Data Warehousing and the SAP BW Overview and Concepts

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5

SAP Business Information Warehouse

• Data Warehouse system with optimized structures for reporting and analysis

• OLAP engine and tools for BEX Reporting

• Integrated meta data repository

• Data extraction and data staging in OLTP

• Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3 Systems

• BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems

• Automated Data Warehouse management

• Administrator Workbench for controlling and managing content

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6

Business Information Warehouse Architecture

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7

Business Content

Financial Accounting

General LedgerGeneral Ledger

Accnts ReceivableAccnts Receivable

Accnts PayableAccnts Payable

Special LedgerSpecial Ledger

Profitability AnalysisProfitability Analysis

Product CostingProduct Costing

Overhead CostingOverhead Costing

Profit Center AccntProfit Center Accnt

ControllingSales

Sales

PurchasingPurchasing

Inventory ManagementInventory Management

ProductionProduction

Project ManagementProject Management

Logistics

Time ManagementTime Management

Training & EventsTraining & Events

Human Resources

Payroll AccountingPayroll Accounting

Fixed AssetsFixed Assets

AdministrationAdministration

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8

Close the Loop

- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -

TransactionProcessingTransactionProcessing

OLTP

TransformationTransformation

DSSExternal

ExtractionExtraction

ActionAction

AnalysisAnalysis

AnalyticalApplicationsAnalyticalApplications

CommonCommon

Meta DataMeta Data

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9

Architecture Overview

R/3 OLTP ApplicationsR/3 OLTP Applications

OLTP Reporting

OLTP Reporting

Production DataExtractor

Production DataExtractor

Business InformationWarehouse Server

BAPIBAPI

Business Explorer

Analyzer(hosted by MS Excel)

Analyzer(hosted by MS Excel) BrowserBrowser

Non R/3 Production Data Extractor

Non R/3 Production Data Extractor

Non R/3 OLTP ApplicationsNon R/3 OLTP Applications

3rd party OLAP client3rd party OLAP client

Data ManagerData ManagerInfoCubesInfoCubes

OperationalData Store

OperationalData Store

3rd party OLAP client3rd party OLAP client3rd party OLAP clients3rd party OLAP clients

Meta Data ManagerMeta Data Manager

Staging EngineStaging Engine

Administrator Workbench

AdministrationAdministration

SchedulingScheduling

MonitorMonitor

OLAP ProcessorOLAP Processor

Meta DataRepositoryMeta DataRepository

InfoCatalogInfoCatalog

OLE-DB for OLAP ProviderOLE-DB for OLAP Provider

MDXMDX

Data ManagerData Manager

Page 10: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

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Update Rules

R/3 OLTP System

Staging Process

BusinessInformationWarehouse

Server

InfoCube

Update Rules

SourceSystems

Data extractSales EuropeData extract

Sales Europe

R/3 standard extractor

R/3 standard extractor

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

Non R/3 OLTP System

Data extractSales Americas

Data extractSales Americas

3rd partyextraction tool

3rd partyextraction tool

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

Communication StructureCommunication Structure

Mapping & Transformation Rules

Update Rules

Research Institute

InfoCube

MarketInformation

MarketInformation

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

Communication StructureCommunication Structure

Mapping & Transformation RulesInfo Sources

Page 11: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

11

Transfer Rules

Update Rules

InfoCubes

Communication structureCommunication structure

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

Extract Source StructureExtract Source Structure

Business InformationWarehouse Server

Staging Engine

OLTP System 1 OLTP System 2

Extract Source StructureExtract Source Structure

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

Transfer StructureTransfer StructureTransfer StructureTransfer Structure

Extract Source StructureExtract Source Structure

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

DataSource

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure

InfoSource

Transfer RulesTransfer Rules

(Replicated)

DataSource and InfoSource

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Extraction, Transformation and Loading

…to get a complete view of your business

Open for any source Flexible set of ETL capabilities Integration on application level Open to third-party tools Support of open standards

JDBC XLMA ODBO

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Non-SAP Data Sources

Business Information Warehouse ServerAdministrator Workbench

Staging EngineStaging EngineMeta DataRepositoryMeta DataRepository

DataBaseDataBase

FileR/3

Non SAP

MainframeMainframe RDBMSRDBMS

Complementary ExtractionComplementary Extraction & Transformation Tool& Transformation Tool

Complementary ExtractionComplementary Extraction & Transformation Tool& Transformation Tool

BAPIBAPI

Staging BAPIs allow ... ... certified SAP Partners to provide

ready-to-run extraction & transformation tools ... customers to integrate their non-SAP data

Page 14: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

14OLTP System

Persistent Staging Area

Business Information Warehouse Server

InfoCube

InfoSourceInfoSource InfoSourceInfoSource

PSA

Data extractData extract Data extractData extract

Update Rules

Validation

BAPIBAPI

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15

Administrator Workbench

Central Administration and Control

Modeling Reporting Agent Business Content Monitoring Metadata Repository

Central Administration and Control

Modeling Reporting Agent Business Content Monitoring Metadata Repository

Page 16: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

Vienna.conf.032499

OLAP Processor

Arbitrary drill-downs, horizontally, vertically, hierarchically Built-in functions for ...

... Aggregation: sum, count, count distinct, min / max,first / last, average by period, ...

... Comparison: difference, ratio, percent,...

... Analysis: sort, cumulated sum, time series,...

... Stock value handling

... Financial: currencies, fiscal year variants,... Derived key figures

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More OLAP Goodies ...

Hierarchies for interactive drill-down Tree-like structures on a characteristic’s domain Structure defined in external hierarchy table (similar to

master data) no realignment problem! Flexible versioning on hierarchies

Variables Determine set of data for a query at run-time

which complex filters, which hierarchies? Values for variables are calculated by the system or

entered by the user Values for variables can be used as input for formulae

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Currency Conversion

Convert during data load and/or during analysis

Based on R/3 conversion rates Conversion per

fiscal year / fiscal period calendar date / period conversion rate type

Mixed currencies withincolumns or rows

multi currency aggregates can be resolved by a simple dill-down by units

Business ExplorerBusiness Explorer

Staging EngineStaging Engine

OLAP ProcessorOLAP Processor

FileR/3

EUR

convertconvert

DM

FFR

JPY

LITEUR

JPY

EUR

USD

NLG

convertconvert

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Aggregates

Speed up query performance by providing pre-aggregated views on InfoCubes

Aggregates are also stored in InfoCube star schema

Fully invisible to the end-user Created by administrator depending on InfoCube semantics and

query anticipation Optimized by OLAP processor selecting best aggregate

Built-in consistency data package released for queries when aggregate update complete

Zero downtime during load

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InfoCube

Time dimension

T Period Fiscal year …

10 1997 ...Product dimension

P Product # Product group …

2101004 displays ...

Fact table

C Customer # Region …

13970522 west ...

Customer dimension

P C T Quantity Revenue Discount Sales overhead

250 500,000 $ 50,000 $ 280,000 $

50 100,000 $ 7,500 $ 60,000 $

… … … ...

Customer # Name Location

13970522 Brightview, Inc. Palo Alto

Master data

BW Data Model

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InfoCube: SAP BW Design

Central data stores for reports and evaluations Contains two types of data:

Key Figures Characteristics

1 Fact Table and up to 16 Dimension Tables 3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP

Time Unit Info Package

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Info Cube Multi-Dimensional Analysis

Query Cache

Others

Govt Agencies

Institutions

Customer Retail

Group Whole sale South

Dept Stores West Regions

EastG

lass

war

e

Cer

amic

s

Pla

stic

s

Fu

rnis

hin

gs

Ch

emic

als

Bi-

pro

du

cts

Division

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Customer group

Reg

ion

InfoCube: Example

Division

Dept. Stores

Wholesale

Retail

Glass- Ceramics Plastics Pottery Copper Pewter ware

No

rth

So

uth

Eas

t

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25

11

Reg

ion

Nor

thS

outh

Eas

t

Glass-ware

Ceramics

Customer group

Division

RetailWholesale

DeptStores

Analysisof Ceramicsdivision

Analysisof Plasticsdivision

Analysis of Plastics divisionand Southern region

Reg

ion

Nor

thS

outh

Eas

t

Glass-ware

CeramicsPlastics

Customer group

Division

RetailWholesale

DeptStores Reg

ion

Nor

thS

outh

Eas

t

Glass-ware

Ceramics Plastics

Customer group

Division

RetailWholesale

DeptStores

22

Reg

ion

Nor

thS

outh

Eas

t

Glass-ware

Ceramics Plastics

Customer group

Division

RetailWholesale

DeptStores

33

Product groupCustomer groupDivisionAreaCompany codeRegionPeriodProfit CenterBus. Area

Plastics

Characteristics:Query Cache InfoCube

InfoCube: Multi-dimensional analysis

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Division

1100RT-0001

NorthPlasticsRetail Trade

SalesHours worked

4,000,0001,300,000 Key Figures

Character- istics

Customer group

Reg

ion

Key Figures are stored for a unique combination of Characteristic Values Number of dimensions is degree of granularity / summarization level of the

dataset

InfoCube: Characteristics and Key Figures

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What is an InfoObject ?

The various OLTP data models are unified for BW Business objects / data elements become

InfoObjects

InfoObject “0COSTCENTER”

InfoObjects are unique across application components !

R/3 OLTP

COCOControllingControlling

HRHRHuman Human

ResourcesResources

KOSTL ...

Table of cost centers

Table of employeesEMPLO COST_CENTER ...

BW Extractor

DataSourcefor

Cost Center

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Types of InfoObjects

Characteristics: evaluation groups like “Cost Center”, “Product group”, “Material”

Have discrete values stored in their master data tables(e.g. the characteristic “Region” has the values “North”, “South”, ... )

Special types of characteristics: Time characteristics like “Fiscal period”, “Calendar

year”, ... Unit characteristics which comprise currencies and

units of measure like “Local currency” or “Sales quantity”

Keyfigures: continuously valued numerical fields like amounts and quantities (e.g.: “Revenue” and “Sales quantity”)

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Reporting Architecture

Query

OLAP serverOLAP server

DatabaseDatabase

OLAP Processoroperates on ...

InfoCube

stored in

Aggregates

Databasestores ...

Business ExplorerBusiness Explorer

Analyzer defines ...

StarStarSchemaSchema

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30

Business ExplorerBusiness Explorer

Analyzer defines ...

Reporting Architecture

Query

OLAP serverOLAP server

DatabaseDatabase

OLAP Processoroperates on ...

InfoCube

stored in StarStarSchemaSchema

Aggregates

Databasestores ...

Business ExplorerBusiness Explorer

Analyzer shows ...

Query View

stored in

Excel Workbook

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Analyzer: Defining Queries

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Vienna.conf.032499

End-users buildon existing Excel

and MS Officeknow how

Workbooksas containerfor queries

(store, e-mail)

All rendition andpresentationfeatures of

Excel available

Analyzer embedded in Excel

Business Explorer Analyzer ... ... implemented as an Add-in for Microsoft Excel ... links query rsults to cells in Excel workbooks

(e.g. multiple queries within same worksheet) ... offers all navigation features of OLAP-Processor via mouse-

click, context-menus, toolbar etc.

Page 33: SAP BW Training - 1Overview of SAP BW

A business of

Thank You


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