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The course introduces the application and IMG settings for the SAP Consolidation component. You learn about the main consolidation functions with SAP Consolidation, as well as the required customizing settings. The course introducesthe straight-line case across the entire SAP Consolidation component whichincludes business workflows and customizing.
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5/23/2018 SAPECCSConsolidationFunctions-slidepdf.com http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/sap-eccs-consolidation-functions 1/429 AC660 EC-CS Consolidation Functions mySAP Financials Date Training Center Instructors Education Website Participant Handbook Course Version: 2005 Q1 Course Duration: 5 Day(s) Material Number: 50071531  An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work 
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  • AC660EC-CS Consolidation Functions

    mySAP Financials

    Date

    Training Center

    Instructors

    Education Website

    Participant HandbookCourse Version: 2005 Q1Course Duration: 5 Day(s)Material Number: 50071531

    An SAP course - use it to learn, reference it for work

  • Copyright

    Copyright 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

    No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purposewithout the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changedwithout prior notice.

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    EarlyWatch, BAPI, SAPPHIRE, Management Cockpit, mySAP.com Logo and mySAP.comare trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countriesall over the world. All other products mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks oftheir respective companies.

    Disclaimer

    THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED BY SAP ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND SAP EXPRESSLYDISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR APPLIED, INCLUDINGWITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THESE MATERIALS AND THE SERVICE,INFORMATION, TEXT, GRAPHICS, LINKS, OR ANY OTHER MATERIALS AND PRODUCTSCONTAINED HEREIN. IN NO EVENT SHALL SAP BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANYKIND WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST REVENUES OR LOSTPROFITS, WHICH MAY RESULT FROM THE USE OF THESE MATERIALS OR INCLUDEDSOFTWARE COMPONENTS.

  • About This HandbookThis handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of thiscourse, and serve as a source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.

    Typographic ConventionsAmerican English is the standard used in this handbook. The followingtypographic conventions are also used.

    Type Style Description

    Example text Words or characters that appear on the screen. Theseinclude field names, screen titles, pushbuttons as wellas menu names, paths, and options.

    Also used for cross-references to other documentationboth internal (in this documentation) and external (inother locations, such as SAPNet).

    Example text Emphasized words or phrases in body text, titles ofgraphics, and tables

    EXAMPLE TEXT Names of elements in the system. These includereport names, program names, transaction codes, tablenames, and individual key words of a programminglanguage, when surrounded by body text, for exampleSELECT and INCLUDE.

    Example text Screen output. This includes file and directory namesand their paths, messages, names of variables andparameters, and passages of the source text of aprogram.

    Example text Exact user entry. These are words and characters thatyou enter in the system exactly as they appear in thedocumentation.

    Variable user entry. Pointed brackets indicate that youreplace these words and characters with appropriateentries.

    Icons in Body TextThe following icons are used in this handbook.

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. iii

  • About This Handbook AC660

    Icon Meaning

    For more information, tips, or background

    Note or further explanation of previous point

    Exception or caution

    Procedures

    Indicates that the item is displayed in the instructorspresentation.

    iv 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • ContentsCourse Overview ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

    Course Goals .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiCourse Objectives ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

    Unit 1: Positioning..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Consolidation Strategy Requirement .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Enterprise Controlling .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

    Unit 2: Master Data ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Consolidation Interface.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Consolidation Structure ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Consolidation Chart of Accounts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

    Unit 3: Data Collection..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Overview of Data Collection ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Status Management .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Data Entry.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Validation and Postings ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

    Unit 4: Currency Translation ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Currency Translation Methods and Keys .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152Translation and Rounding Differences .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

    Unit 5: Interunit Elimination & Consolidation of Investments 201Interunit Elimination.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203Consolidation of Investment ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232Customizing Settings ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272Sequence of Activities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284Equity Method ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290Reclassification.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310

    Unit 6: Balance Carry Forward..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325Execution of Carry Forward ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .326Appropriation of Carry Forward .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .346

    Unit 7: Information System ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353Reports for Consolidation .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .354Drilldown Reporting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .363

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. v

  • Contents AC660

    Unit 8: Versions ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399Version Concept. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400

    Appendix 1: Appendix ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411

    Index ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

    vi 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • Course OverviewThe course introduces the application and IMG settings for the SAP Consolidationcomponent. You learn about the main consolidation functions with SAPConsolidation, as well as the required customizing settings. The course introducesthe straight-line case across the entire SAP Consolidation component whichincludes business workflows and customizing.

    Target AudienceThis course is intended for the following audiences:

    Staff of consolidation accounting departments Project team members of the IT department

    Course PrerequisitesRequired Knowledge

    Understanding of the principles of consolidation

    Recommended Knowledge

    SAP01 - SAP R/3 Overview AC010 - Financial Accounting & Reporting

    Course GoalsThis course will prepare you to:

    Represent your corporate group using objects in the SAP Consolidationapplication

    Use SAP Consolidation to consolidate data for your corporate group

    Course ObjectivesAfter completing this course, you will be able to:

    Define consolidation groups and units Create and use a consolidation chart of accounts Collect individual financial statement data in SAP Consolidation and

    translate it into group currency as required Customize and execute various consolidation functions

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. vii

  • Course Overview AC660

    SAP Software Component InformationThe information in this course pertains to the following SAP Software Componentsand releases:

    viii 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • Unit 1Positioning

    Unit OverviewThe unit provides an overview of SAPs R/3 solution for Enterprise Controllingand its functionality. You will learn about the demands placed on modernconsolidation software. You will also learn about the functionality of SAPConsolidation and its integration with other SAP applications.

    Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you will be able to:

    Evaluate the need for a consolidated software Evaluate the need to unite the internal and external accounting Describe how SAP Consolidation is embedded in enterprise controlling Explain how SEM optimizes enterprise controlling Outline the requirements for consolidation Identify the applications and characteristics of SAP Consolidation Explain the integration of SAP Consolidation with other SAP applications

    Unit ContentsLesson: Consolidation Strategy Requirement .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Lesson: Enterprise Controlling ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 1

  • Unit 1: Positioning AC660

    Lesson: Consolidation Strategy Requirement

    Lesson OverviewThis lesson will help you to understand the economic necessity of global andextensive monitoring of a global company. For this reason, the lesson will coverthe need for consolidated software. Next, the lesson will introduce you to thebusiness strategy to develop the consolidated software. The lesson will also coverthe role of external factors to set the enterprise goals.

    Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

    Evaluate the need for a consolidated software Evaluate the need to unite the internal and external accounting

    Business ExampleBased on its economic success, the corporate group, G1, decides to implementthe R/3 component, SAP Consolidation, by the end of this year to secure itsmarket position. Corporate management wants to prepare consolidated financialstatements for the end of December using the R/3 Enterprise.

    Experienced consultants are required to implement the SAP Consolidationcomponent in such a short space of time. Your firm is trying to win the consultingcontract. You are required to assess the requirements of the consolidation strategy.

    Managing a Global Enterprise

    Figure 1: Managing a Global Enterprise

    2 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Strategy Requirement

    Complex group structures have to be managed effectively. At the same time,increasing globalization requires decentralized group management for independentorganizational units. Business units that are close to the market have to bemanaged decentrally to leverage their full market potential.

    Decentralization of Responsibility

    Figure 2: Strategy - Decentralization of Responsibility

    Global process optimization allows synergies (know-how, core competencies) tobe detected more quickly and used more efficiently in the group. New businessconcepts can be transferred from one unit to another.

    Enterprise goals are increasingly being set from the outside - by shareholders,for example. The executive board now has the task of implementing these goalsinternally.

    The corporate group head office calculates key figures and defines goals for thestrategic business entities. Here, non-monetary success factors also have aninfluence: the group has the relevant information earlier, and no longer has to waituntil effects are seen in the income statement.

    Formerly, external and internal accounting were usually separate (for example,due to different valuation methods). Nowadays, the goal is to unite external andinternal accounting, since the requirements for legal consolidation also comprisea certain amount of information relevant to cost accounting. The company ismanaged in accordance with internal enterprise structures, which can be verydetailed. This means that extremely flexible structures are necessary. Therefore,SAP Consolidation is not only based on companies.

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 3

  • Unit 1: Positioning AC660

    Lesson Summary

    You should now be able to: Evaluate the need for a consolidated software Evaluate the need to unite the internal and external accounting

    4 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Enterprise Controlling

    Lesson: Enterprise Controlling

    Lesson OverviewThis lesson will give you an overview of enterprise controlling and the role ofStrategic Enterprise Management (SEM) to optimize enterprise controlling. Youwill also learn about the requirements and functions of SAP Consolidation and itsintegration with other SAP applications.

    Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

    Describe how SAP Consolidation is embedded in enterprise controlling Explain how SEM optimizes enterprise controlling Outline the requirements for consolidation Identify the applications and characteristics of SAP Consolidation Explain the integration of SAP Consolidation with other SAP applications

    Business ExampleBased on its economic success, the corporate group G1 decides to implementthe SAP Consolidationby the end of this year to secure its market position. Thecorporate management wants to prepare consolidated financial statements forthe end of December using the SAP Consolidation. Experienced consultants arerequired to implement the SAP Consolidation component in such a short span oftime. Your firm is one of the firms trying to win the consulting contract. Thecorporate management wants you to explore the functions of SAP Consolidation.

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  • Unit 1: Positioning AC660

    Strategic Enterprise Management

    Figure 3: Strategic Enterprise Management

    Success is measured by the speed with which a business strategy can be realized.To optimize process of enterprise controlling, SAP has developed StrategicEnterprise Management (SEM).

    One of the main advantages of the SAP SEM is the support it offers to strategicmanagement processes by linking strategic and operational actions.

    Internal control of an enterprise can be carried out using value-orientedmanagement principles.

    Requirements, Functionalities, and Integration of SAPConsolidation

    Internal and external group reporting/consolidation

    Projection of any number of parallel hierarchies Different data categories, such as actual data, budget, and forecast

    Complete automation of activities - even complex ones

    Divestitures, transfers, and changes in indirect investment Comprehensive reporting International accounting rules

    US GAAP, IAS, and HGB, ...

    Automatic creation of consolidated financial statements.

    6 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Enterprise Controlling

    Flexible definition of consolidation methods.

    In legal consolidation, the consolidation units are the legally independentcompanies. They report their individual financial statements to the group thatcomputes the consolidated financial statement.

    In management consolidation, the consolidation areas can be profit centers orbusiness areas.

    In an SAP system, the integrated data can be transferred directly from thetransaction systems to consolidation. During data transfer, you can work with theplanned and budget values or execute simulations.

    The standard system includes all the international consolidation methods that arecommonly used.

    Figure 4: SAP Consolidation: Function

    Applications of SAP Consolidation:

    Company consolidation Management consolidation

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  • Unit 1: Positioning AC660

    Characteristics:

    Flexible hierarchies of consolidation units SAP integration for companies, business areas, and profit centers Tools for online and offline data entry: Online data entry for non-integrated

    consolidation units, Microsoft ACCESS PC data entry program forsubsidiaries without SAP software, and flexible upload for data from externalsystems or through Web Access

    Status monitors for data collection and consolidation Powerful reporting functions and drilldown to the transaction SAP

    components Interactive Excel link to the consolidation database for reporting International rules for reporting (US-GAAP, IAS) Versions for data categories, simulation, and planning

    Figure 5: Integration of SAP Consolidation

    SAP Consolidation is integrated within the SAP system in two ways:

    Applications that handle day-to-day business transactions transfer data toSAP Consolidation in a summarized form. Consolidation reporting supportsa drilldown back to these applications.

    Consolidated data is transferred to the Executive Information System, whichcollects highly summarized data from all the enterprise areas, includinglogistics and human resources, for one company or the group as a whole.

    SAP Consolidation supports the consolidation of any consolidation units,provided the required financial data is supplied. Using SAP integration, data canbe made available for the consolidation of companies (legally independent units),

    8 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Enterprise Controlling

    business areas (subdivisions of companies for the purpose of external segmentreporting), and profit centers (areas of responsibility inside or across companies).If the transaction applications and the Consolidation system are all in the sameclient of the same system, data can be transferred to the Consolidation systemonline in real-time. Additionally, data can be transferred by periodic extract orrollup from other SAP systems.

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 9

  • Unit 1: Positioning AC660

    Lesson Summary

    You should now be able to: Describe how SAP Consolidation is embedded in enterprise controlling Explain how SEM optimizes enterprise controlling Outline the requirements for consolidation Identify the applications and characteristics of SAP Consolidation Explain the integration of SAP Consolidation with other SAP applications

    10 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Unit Summary

    Unit SummaryYou should now be able to: Evaluate the need for a consolidated software Evaluate the need to unite the internal and external accounting Describe how SAP Consolidation is embedded in enterprise controlling Explain how SEM optimizes enterprise controlling Outline the requirements for consolidation Identify the applications and characteristics of SAP Consolidation Explain the integration of SAP Consolidation with other SAP applications

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 11

  • Unit Summary AC660

    12 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Test Your Knowledge

    Test Your Knowledge

    1. Business units close to the market have to be managed to beable to achieve their complete potential.Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    2. What is the need to unify internal and external accounting?

    3. How is data from the various partial information systems inside and outsideof the company grouped together to form a uniform dimension?

    4. Strategic Enterprise Management (SEM) consists of BPS, CPM, SRM, BCS,and BIC components.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

    5. The consolidation groups for management consolidation can be profit centresor .Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    6. Which of the following statements is incorrect with regard to thecharacteristics of SAP Consolidation?Choose the correct answer(s). A Flexible hierarchies of consolidation units are possible. B SAP integration for companies, business areas, and profit centers. C No status monitors for data collection. D Interactive Excel link to consolidation database for reporting. E Powerful reporting function.

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 13

  • Test Your Knowledge AC660

    7. Consolidated data is transferred to the Executiv Information System, whichhighly summarized data from all enterprise areas for one

    company or the group as a whole.Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    14 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Test Your Knowledge

    Answers

    1. Business units close to the market have to be managed locally to be ableto achieve their complete potential.

    Answer: locally

    2. What is the need to unify internal and external accounting?

    Answer: As the legal consolidation requirements sometimes includeinformation relevant to cost accounting, it is required to unify external andinternal accounting.

    3. How is data from the various partial information systems inside and outsideof the company grouped together to form a uniform dimension?

    Answer: Data is heterogeneously structured. As a result, the database isdivided into data areas that are self-contained from the business point of view.

    4. Strategic Enterprise Management (SEM) consists of BPS, CPM, SRM, BCS,and BIC components.

    Answer: True

    SEM optimizes enterprise controlling using BPS, CPM, SRM, BCS andBIC components.

    5. The consolidation groups for management consolidation can be profit centresor business areas.

    Answer: business areas

    6. Which of the following statements is incorrect with regard to thecharacteristics of SAP Consolidation?

    Answer: C

    Status monitors are provided for data collection and consolidation.

    7. Consolidated data is transferred to the Executiv Information System, whichcollects highly summarized data from all enterprise areas for one companyor the group as a whole.

    Answer: collects

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  • Unit 1: Positioning AC660

    16 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • Unit 2Master Data

    Unit OverviewThe focus of this unit is to provide an overview of the user interface. You willlearn how to define consolidation units and groups, in order to model the corporatestructure in the SAP System Consolidation. You will also learn how to workwith the consolidation chart of accounts, its financial statement items, and thebreakdown category, to characterize the different subitems.

    Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you will be able to:

    Explain how global session parameters enable a user-friendly environment Describe the use of hierarchical displays in the SAP Consolidation interface Explain the function of list processor in the Consolidation interface State the role of the SAP standard functions and multilevel customizing

    for a user-friendly interface Describe the purpose and use of Dimension Explain how dimension can be used Explain how to work with a ledger for a consolidation group Evaluate and state the advantage of using a version for consolidation Describe a consolidation unit and a consolidation group Specify the purpose and use of consolidation charts of accounts Describe the financial statements items Explain the breakdown category and subitems Explain how characteristics structure the transaction data of consolidation Describe the function of user-defined attributes for providing additional

    information about the consolidation unit Create customer-specific sub-assignments as custom characteristics and

    assign an item

    Unit ContentsLesson: Consolidation Interface .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Lesson: Consolidation Structure ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Exercise 1: Consolidation Structure ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

    Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Exercise 2: Exercises for Financial Statement Chart of Accounts,Financial Statement Items.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

    18 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Interface

    Lesson: Consolidation Interface

    Lesson OverviewThis lesson will give you an overview of the Consolidation user interface. Youwill learn about global session parameters, hierarchical displays, list processor,and the use of the SAP standard tool in SAP Consolidation.

    Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

    Explain how global session parameters enable a user-friendly environment Describe the use of hierarchical displays in the SAP Consolidation interface Explain the function of list processor in the Consolidation interface State the role of the SAP standard functions and multilevel customizing

    for a user-friendly interface

    Business ExampleThe group G1 plans to consolidate by the end of this year. You have to present thebasic workings of the Consolidation interface to the management.

    Working with Consolidation Interface

    Global session parameters for each user Access to many transactions from hierarchical displays Identical presentation techniques for all lists, including drilldown functions

    (list processor) Use of standard SAP tools

    Planning processor Validation Report Writer/Painter Drilldown Reporting

    Multi-level Customizing keeps the unnecessary functions out of sight

    Global parameters are important settings for SAP Consolidation that typicallyremain the same for a work session.

    Both the enterprise structure and the consolidation chart of accounts used arebuilt up in a multi-level. Examples of item hierarchies are income statement andcash flow statement.

    With the help of the list processor, you receive clearly arranged lists, the displaysof which you can explain in stages (Drilldown).

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    The SAP standard tools are used:

    You can structure the data entry layouts with the planning processor. Validation rules check the consistency of transferred data, the accuracy of the

    currency translation, and the consolidation activities. You can create reports quickly and evaluate any data with the Report

    Writer/Painter and drilldown reporting tools.

    The unnecessary Customizing functions are hidden. For example, when you selectthe accounting technique, purchase method, the further configuration settings forthe equity method are hidden.

    Figure 6: Global Session Parameters

    Global parameters are important settings for Consolidation that typically remainthe same for a work session.

    These parameters are saved for a particular user when the user logs off. Theparameters are automatically used when the user logs back on. However, theparameters can be changed as and when required.

    When you run a function, the information saved as your global parameters areeither proposed by default or set in the background in which they cannot bespecified directly for the function.

    The global parameters are displayed in a status row at the top of every screen inCustomizing and the consolidation functions.

    In Customizing, the parameters that are relevant for the current maintenanceappear in a different color. For example, the maintenance of financial statementitems is dependent on the consolidation chart of accounts, but not on the version.

    20 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Interface

    Figure 7: Hierarchical Displays

    You can access all functions from the SAP Consolidation application menu.

    Within these hierarchies, you can perform such functions as maintain masterdata, start and monitor data collection, consolidation functions (monitors), andgenerate reports.

    Many complex functions, such as the entry of additional data for the consolidationof investments, and the assignment of consolidation of investments methods, alsouse hierarchical displays with simple navigation.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Figure 8: The List Processor

    The list processor is a reporting tool available for consolidation purpose. It isused to display and print information and for interactive drilldown reportingfrom a generated list.

    The expand and collapse functions in the list header can be used for all the areas inthe main body of the list. You can drill down step-by-step or skip levels.

    The expand and collapse function in the main body also enables you to drill downstep-by-step or skip levels.

    F1 Help is available for all the fields in the list header and the main body of the list.

    You can use the filter function to restrict the list to certain characteristic values.For example, if you have run interunit elimination for the entire consolidationgroup and want to see the results for only one consolidation unit in special, youcan use the filter function.

    The report-report interface enables you to access other reports in Consolidation.Several links are predefined. The others can be defined by users.

    The search function is identical to the standard SAP list search. A special functionis available to search for error messages. The date and time are added when a listis printed. A function to define page breaks is available as well.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Interface

    Lesson Summary

    You should now be able to: Explain how global session parameters enable a user-friendly environment Describe the use of hierarchical displays in the SAP Consolidation interface Explain the function of list processor in the Consolidation interface State the role of the SAP standard functions and multilevel customizing

    for a user-friendly interface

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Lesson OverviewThis lesson shows you how to define the consolidation unit and how individualunits can be grouped together in consolidation groups. You will learn about thepurpose and use of dimension. This lesson will also explain how to work witha ledger and versions.

    Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

    Describe the purpose and use of Dimension Explain how dimension can be used Explain how to work with a ledger for a consolidation group Evaluate and state the advantage of using a version for consolidation Describe a consolidation unit and a consolidation group

    Business ExampleThe group, G1, plans to introduce the component Consolidation of the SAP systemby the end of this year. You are required to define consolidation units and groupsto represent the structure of your corporate group in the SAP system.

    Dimensions

    Figure 9: Consolidation Units and Groups

    24 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Dimensions are specific views on group reporting. They include consolidationtypes, such as company consolidation, business area consolidation, or profit centerconsolidation.

    In a dimension, you define the group structure as a hierarchy of consolidation unitsand groups. You can manage several dimensions in parallel in the system.

    The company forms the basis for the generation of consolidation units.

    The consolidation unit is the smallest element of the group structure for which acomplete consolidation can take place.

    The business object consolidation group is a user-defined group of consolidationunits created for consolidation and reporting purposes.

    Figure 10: Parallel Hierarchies

    In a dimension, hierarchies are structured sets of consolidation units andconsolidation groups. They are defined by their top-most consolidation group. Asa result, a given dimension can represent one or more consolidation types.

    Any consolidation unit or group can exist in any number of hierarchies.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Figure 11: Variable Hierarchy Depth

    You can create any number of hierarchy levels.

    The number of hierarchy levels can vary in the different branches of the samehierarchy.

    In the above scenario with data from Profit Center Accounting, consolidation unitsare combinations of company and profit center.

    When you use the consolidation with integration to Profit Center Accounting, thenyou generate the consolidation units and groups from the organizational units ofoperational applications.

    The consolidation groups are derived from the profit centers and the hierarchynodes. The consolidation unit is formed from the profit center and the company.

    26 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Ledger

    Figure 12: Ledger

    Contains the transaction figures and documents that show the changes in thevalues and quantities that are the outcome of accounting transactions. The valuesof the transaction figures are saved in 16 periods and in one period for the balancecarried forward. You assign a ledger to each consolidation group in the masterrecord of the consolidation group. The data in the ECMCT totals table can bemanaged in three currencies:

    The data in the ECMCT totals table can be managed in three currencies:

    Transaction currency Currency of the consolidation unit Ledger currency: The ledger currency indicates the currency of the

    consolidation group.

    Example:

    You want to consolidate two consolidation groups in USD and EURO. You needtwo ledgers for this purpose. At the group level, you copy the values from theEURO ledger into the USD ledger.

    SAP delivers the standard ledger "1C" for consolidation. This ledger is not foruse in a live customer system. Please create a new ledger using ledger "1C" asa copy template.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Versions

    Figure 13: Versions

    Valuations can differ depending on whether they are carried out from the point ofview of local trade law or for the corporate valuation of the group data.

    In Consolidation, the versions serve to maintain separate datasets in theconsolidation database so that alternative consolidations can be managed. Thismeans that various data categories, such as actual, plan, and budget data, can bemaintained and consolidated.

    You can also carry out simulations on the basis of different exchange rates orchanges in the group structure.

    A consolidation version is composed of special versions, which are methods andtasks that cover the various areas of consolidation. This enables you to definevarious consolidation versions that differ in only one or a few areas, but otherwiseindicate the same special version.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Figure 14: Consolidation Group, Ledger, Version

    You assign a ledger to each consolidation group in the master record of theconsolidation group.

    The system saves the assignment in a special ledger version. This means thatyou can assign different ledgers, and similarly different consolidation groupcurrencies, to a consolidation group in different consolidation versions.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Consolidation into Units and Groups

    Figure 15: Consolidation Unit

    The consolidation unit is the smallest element of the group structure for which acomplete consolidation can take place.

    This Business Object is dimension-dependent and can have differentcharacteristics, such as company, business area within a company, and profitcenter within a company.

    Some of the master data and control parameters are valid only in conjunction withother data. The local currency and the financial data types are dependent on thefiscal year effective, and the translation method is dependent on the translationversion.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Figure 16: Consolidation Group

    A consolidation group is a user-defined combination of multiple consolidationunits or consolidation groups for consolidation and reporting purposes. Itrepresents the structure of the group.

    Consolidation groups and consolidation units are dependent on the dimension.

    Each consolidation unit can be included in different consolidation groups, andeach consolidation group, in turn, can be included in different hierarchies.

    Since consolidation groups are dimension-dependent, the master data created forthe consolidation groups is valid only in the relevant dimension.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    32 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Exercise 1: Consolidation Structure

    Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to: Define the global parameters Check the global system settings Create master records for consolidation groups/consolidation units Define a consolidation group hierarchy Insert master data in a hierarchy

    Business ExampleThe group G1 plans to introduce the component Consolidation of the SAP systemby the end of 2002.

    Corporate management wants to prepare consolidated financial statements forDecember 2002 using the SAP system.

    Group G1 requires support from experienced SAP consultants. The managementof your company creates a prototype for a presentation to be presented to thesteering committee of group G1.

    The competitors will be judged on the outcome of this presentation, and thecontract for implementation of SAP Consolidation awarded accordingly.

    You have been asked by the management of your consulting firm to build a

    prototype with a colleague within the next 5 days.

    Task 1:Define a dimension

    1. Define a dimension using the code, XY.

    XY = 50 + your group number

    Example: Group 14 uses the dimension, 64.

    What you enter:

    a) Short and medium text for the dimension:

    b) Dimension, XY

    c) Consolidation unit / consolidation group: Field length, 3.

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    d) Define all the output fields for the consolidation units and groups asoptional in the screen selection settings.

    Task 2:Ledger:

    1. Ledger:

    You are creating consolidated statements in the currency, USD, and will beusing the ledger, US, which is already created.

    Check that the ledger currency of ledger US matches the one used in yourprototype, which is USD.

    Find out which currency is used in the standard ledger, 1C.

    Task 3:Global session parameters:

    1. Define the global session parameters:

    a) Dimension XY (see section Task 1)

    b) Ledger US in USD

    c) Actual version 100 (provided in the standard system)

    d) Period 012, 2002

    e) (Group G1 will consolidate in the implementation yearperiod012/2002using the SAP system.)

    f) Chart of accounts XY (where XY = 50 + your group number), which hasalready been defined by your colleague.

    Task 4:Define hierarchy H1 (H1 Group ##) for statutory consolidation.

    1. Define hierarchy H1 for statutory consolidation.

    a) Assign the consolidation groups (CGs) and consolidation units (CUs)A-E to this hierarchy as required, using the information on the structure ofcorporate group G1, as provided by the steering committee.

    b)Create consolidation units A, B, C, D and E: Consolidation unit A belongsto CG G1; Consolidation units B-E belong to CG G2.

    c)The steering committee has provided you with the following informationto help you create master data:

    Enterprise Structure

    Continued on next page

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    - CU A, B, C, E: Corporate office USA

    - CU D: Corporate office Germany

    - Local currency: The countrys currency

    Note: Country currency for Germany: EUR

    - CU A: Parent company of CG G1

    - CU B: Parent company of CG G2.

    Note: To locate the parent indicator, in the master data record ofthe CG go to Assignments tab.

    Data Transfer Methods

    - Consolidation units B, C, D, and E do not use an SAP system, and thereforereport their financial data by sending an MS Excel file to the corporate office.

    - Consolidation unit A sends its data on paper to the group headquarters,where the data is entered manually.

    Fiscal year variant

    - All units use a fiscal year (FY) variant, which consists of a calendar yearand 4 special periods (K4).

    Note: You define the FY variant in Consolidation GroupMaintenance by selecting Goto FY variant .

    Consolidation frequency

    Consolidation groups G1 and G2 disclose consolidated statements at theend of each quarter.

    Generate sets before exiting the hierarchy.

    2. Demonstrate the navigation within the new hierarchy:

    Fully collapse the hierarchy and use the search function to find cons unit A.

    . Focus the hierarchy display on cons group G2 and then back on G1.

    3. Create a dummy default partner unit for your dimension:

    A default consolidation unit must be established for each dimension.This default CU is required for the data collection task (Unit 4) and theConsolidation of Investment task (Unit 6) to be successful.

    - Create a new consolidation unit 999by copying consolidation unit999from dimension 50. This will be used as a default partner unit foryour dimension

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    - Assign this new consolidation unit 999 to your dimension as the defaultpartner unit.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Solution 1: Consolidation StructureTask 1:Define a dimension

    1. Define a dimension using the code, XY.

    XY = 50 + your group number

    Example: Group 14 uses the dimension, 64.

    What you enter:

    a) Short and medium text for the dimension:

    b) Dimension, XY

    c) Consolidation unit / consolidation group: Field length, 3.

    d) Define all the output fields for the consolidation units and groups asoptional in the screen selection settings.

    a) Defining a dimension

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Edit Project SAPReference IMG Enterprise Controlling ConsolidationMaster Data Define Dimensions Create Dimension

    Do not use another dimension as a template.

    Choose Enter. On the Dimension Create screen, enter Dimension XYin the Short text and Medium text fields.

    Substitute XY with 50 + your group number.

    Enter 03 in the fields Length of consolidation unit and Length ofconsolidation group.

    Choose Screen selection CU and Screen selection CG to go to the detailscreens. Enter 1 for all the fields to specify that they are optional. Usethe green arrow to come back out.

    Save your entries.

    Task 2:Ledger:

    1. Ledger:

    You are creating consolidated statements in the currency, USD, and will beusing the ledger, US, which is already created.

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Check that the ledger currency of ledger US matches the one used in yourprototype, which is USD.

    Find out which currency is used in the standard ledger, 1C.

    a) Both Ledger 1C and Ledger US use the currency USD. To view theledger definitions, choose:

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Edit Project SAPReference IMG Enterprise Controlling ConsolidationMaster Data Currencies Define Ledgers Display Ledger

    Double click to view the details.

    Since ledger US uses the currency USD, you do not need to changeany settings because you also want to use the ledger currency USDfor your prototype.

    Task 3:Global session parameters:

    1. Define the global session parameters:

    a) Dimension XY (see section Task 1)

    b) Ledger US in USD

    c) Actual version 100 (provided in the standard system)

    d) Period 012, 2002

    e) (Group G1 will consolidate in the implementation yearperiod012/2002using the SAP system.)

    Continued on next page

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    f) Chart of accounts XY (where XY = 50 + your group number), which hasalready been defined by your colleague.

    a) Session parameters:

    To set your global parameters, you choose:

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Edit Project SAPReference IMG Enterprise Controlling ConsolidationDefine Global Parameters

    Alternatively, you can choose Global Parameters in the initialConsolidation application screen.

    Enter the following:

    Field/Data Type ValueDimension XY (XY = 50 + your group

    number)Version 100Year Current YearPeriod 12Cons chart of accounts XY (XY = 50 + your group

    number)Ledger US

    Task 4:Define hierarchy H1 (H1 Group ##) for statutory consolidation.

    1. Define hierarchy H1 for statutory consolidation.

    a) Assign the consolidation groups (CGs) and consolidation units (CUs)A-E to this hierarchy as required, using the information on the structure ofcorporate group G1, as provided by the steering committee.

    b)Create consolidation units A, B, C, D and E: Consolidation unit A belongsto CG G1; Consolidation units B-E belong to CG G2.

    c)The steering committee has provided you with the following informationto help you create master data:

    Enterprise Structure

    - CU A, B, C, E: Corporate office USA

    - CU D: Corporate office Germany

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    - Local currency: The countrys currency

    Note: Country currency for Germany: EUR

    - CU A: Parent company of CG G1

    - CU B: Parent company of CG G2.

    Note: To locate the parent indicator, in the master data record ofthe CG go to Assignments tab.

    Data Transfer Methods

    - Consolidation units B, C, D, and E do not use an SAP system, and thereforereport their financial data by sending an MS Excel file to the corporate office.

    - Consolidation unit A sends its data on paper to the group headquarters,where the data is entered manually.

    Fiscal year variant

    - All units use a fiscal year (FY) variant, which consists of a calendar yearand 4 special periods (K4).

    Note: You define the FY variant in Consolidation GroupMaintenance by selecting Goto FY variant .

    Consolidation frequency

    Consolidation groups G1 and G2 disclose consolidated statements at theend of each quarter.

    Generate sets before exiting the hierarchy.

    a) Defining a consolidation unit and consolidation group hierarchy H1.

    This solution for this section consists of twelve (12) distinct steps.

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Execute ProjectSAP Reference IMG Enterprise Controlling ConsolidationMaster Data Organizational Units Consolidation GroupsMaintain Hierarchies Maintain Consolidation Group Hierarchy Choose

    Alternatively, you can choose Accounting/ Enterprise ControllingConsolidationMaster Data Consolidation groups Hierarchy Maintain in the Consolidation application screen.

    Place your cursor on the dimension and choose Create or the menuitem: Cons group hierarchy Create .

    Continued on next page

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Enter H1 in the Hierarchy field and H1 group XY in the Descriptionfield (## is your group number). Choose Continue.

    Place your cursor on the hierarchy node that you have just created, andchoose Create (or use the menu path). Create the top cons group G1with the description CG G1, and choose Continue.

    Now select the top cons group G1 and choose Create.

    In the Selection Unit or group dialog box, add A to the hierarchy byentering A under Cons unit and entering Unit A as medium text. UnderCreate new org units as master data select the indicator Cons unit.Select Continue.

    After creating cons unit A, place your cursor on G1 again, and chooseCreate to add the cons group G2 to the hierarchy.

    In the Selection Unit or group dialog box, add G2 to the hierarchy byentering G2 under Cons unit and CG G2 as medium text. Under Createnew org units as master data select the indicator Cons group. SelectContinue.

    Place your cursor on G2 and define the consolidation units for groupG2 by choosing Create.

    In the Selection Unit or group dialog box, add B,C,D, and E to thehierarchy by entering B,C,D, and E under Cons unit and enteringmedium texts. Under Create new org units as master data select theindicator Cons unit. Select Continue.

    In master data maintenance, double-click cons unit A in the hierarchyand make the following entries in the appropriate fields:

    Field/Data Type ValueShort and medium text Cons unit X(substitute X with the

    corresponding unit A, B, C, D, or E)Country US (for units A, B, C, and E) DE (for unit

    D)Language EN (for units A, B, C, and E) DE (for unit

    D)Local currency USD (for units A, B, C, and E)

    UNT (for unit D)

    Choose the Correspondence tab to add more detail for cons unit masterdata.

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Field/Data Type ValueNames 1 and 2 Cons unit X(substitute X with the

    corresponding unit A, B, C, D, or E; thesame applies to Street and City.

    Street X StreetCity X City

    Choose: Goto FY variant.

    In the screen Change View Fiscal Year Variant Assignments:Overview, choose New entries and enter the ledger US and fiscal yearvariant K4 for each consolidation unit and group.

    Save your entries and choose Exit to return to the Consolidation grouphierarchy Change screen.

    Choose the Data Collection tab to enter the data transfer method. Saveyour entries before exiting.

    Data transfer method: Flexible Upload (for cons units B, C, D,and E) and Online Data Entry (for cons unit A)

    Now put your cursor on cons units B-E, double-click, and maintain themaster data for B,C,D, and E in the same way, as listed in steps 6-10above.

    Maintain the master data for cons groups G2 and G1.

    Put your cursor on the group that you want to edit in the hierarchy anddouble-click to go to the master data.

    You navigate within and between the individual detail screen as withthe cons units.

    Enter the following:

    Field/Data Type ValueMaster Data:Cons frequency 4Country USLanguage ENLedger USNames 1 and 2 Consolidation group G1 and G2

    Continued on next page

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Street G1 Street and G2 StreetCity G1 City and G2 CityParent indicator (PU) use A for G1 and B for G2

    Hint: Parent indicator: You can find this indicator by choosingthe Assignments tab on the Consolidation group hierarchyChange screen

    When you have finished maintaining the master data and have saved,you need to generate sets for Report Writer reports before exiting thehierarchy. Select the Generate sets icon on the icon bar.

    2. Demonstrate the navigation within the new hierarchy:

    Fully collapse the hierarchy and use the search function to find cons unit A.

    . Focus the hierarchy display on cons group G2 and then back on G1.

    a) Navigating in and changing a hierarchy:

    Go back to Maintain Consolidation Group Hierarchy.

    To collapse an entire hierarchy, click on the Collapse level iconon the icon bar.

    You can find a CU or CG using: Edit Find and entering the unitor group concerned.

    To go to G2 in the hierarchy choose: Edit Set focus (or click thecorresponding icon) after positioning at G2.

    Select XY\H1\G1 in the header of the list screen to return to initialview of hierarchy.

    3. Create a dummy default partner unit for your dimension:

    A default consolidation unit must be established for each dimension.This default CU is required for the data collection task (Unit 4) and theConsolidation of Investment task (Unit 6) to be successful.

    - Create a new consolidation unit 999by copying consolidation unit999from dimension 50. This will be used as a default partner unit foryour dimension

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    - Assign this new consolidation unit 999 to your dimension as the defaultpartner unit.

    a) Creating a dummy default partner unit

    Defining a default partner consolidation unit

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Execute ProjectSAP Reference IMG Enterprise Controlling ConsolidationMaster Data Organizational Units Consolidation UnitsMaintain consolidation units individually Create ConsolidationUnit Choose

    Enter 999 for Consolidation unit and Copy from Dimension 50,Consoidation unit 999 . Save.

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Execute ProjectSAP Reference IMG Enterprise Controlling Consolidation Master Data Financial Statement Items sub-assignments Define default values for sub-assignments Change defaultvalues Choose

    On the line Partner unit, click on Dflt values button. Find yourdimension ## (50 + your group number) and Enter cons unit 999 in the Default value for Partner field. Save.

    44 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Structure

    Lesson Summary

    You should now be able to: Describe the purpose and use of Dimension Explain how dimension can be used Explain how to work with a ledger for a consolidation group Evaluate and state the advantage of using a version for consolidation Describe a consolidation unit and a consolidation group

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 45

  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Lesson OverviewThis lesson will help you understand financial statement item and itscharacteristics. To begin with, you will learn about the structure of a consolidationchart of accounts and how to create a financial statement item. Next, you will seehow to define the account assignment information necessary for consolidation andcorrectly allocate the individual financial statement items. This lesson will coverthe structure of the consolidation database. You will also get to know why financialstatement items are required and hence you can create them in customizing.

    Lesson ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

    Specify the purpose and use of consolidation charts of accounts Describe the financial statements items Explain the breakdown category and subitems Explain how characteristics structure the transaction data of consolidation Describe the function of user-defined attributes for providing additional

    information about the consolidation unit Create customer-specific sub-assignments as custom characteristics and

    assign an item

    Business ExampleThe group, G1, plans to introduce the component SAP Consolidation by the endof this year. You have been asked by the management of your consulting firm tocreate consolidation chart of accounts with a colleague within the next 5 days.

    46 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    FS Items and Subitems

    Figure 17: Consolidation Charts of Accounts

    In order to create consolidated financial statements, the transaction data of all theconsolidation units included must be uniformly aggregated. For this purpose, thegroup headquarters provides all consolidation units with one or more consolidationcharts of accounts. These charts of accounts structure the financial statement itemsin accordance with the internal and external requirements of the consolidatedfinancial statements. In the consolidation chart of accounts, all financial statementitems are arranged logically in an item hierarchy.

    The consolidation chart of accounts is client-dependent only. Therefore, you canuse it in different dimensions.

    To allow the integrated transfer of reported financial data from SAP transactionapplications, you must create a link between the G/L accounts and any secondarycost elements, and the consolidation financial statement items. When real-timeupdating or rollup is used, the IDs of the transaction accounts are identical tothe IDs of the FS items. When periodic extract is used, the financial statementversion items and the consolidation items are identical. In order to ensure that theIDs correspond, you can create the consolidation chart of accounts from both theFI chart of accounts and the financial statement version.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Figure 18: Financial Statement Items and Account Assignments

    The FS item is the central account assignment object of the consolidation system.It identifies a value or quantity entry and can be differentiated with furthersub-assignments.

    The FS item type puts the characteristics of an item in concrete terms, with regardto data entry, posting and processing in evaluations. The following FS item typesare distinguished: values, totals and text items.

    Where-applied indicator is used to define whether the FS item belongs to theassets, liabilities/equity, income statement or statistical items.

    The FS item type can be defined by the user, for example, in order to select itemsspecially as key figure items.

    The breakdown category determines which sub-assignments should be managed.

    Fixed values for sub-assignments can be necessary, like, for example theassignment of partner units with receivables and payables items, in order toexecute the elimination of IU receivables and payables.

    In the above example, the breakdown category 1000 for asset transactionsdefines a transaction type as a necessary sub-assignment.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Figure 19: Subitems

    sub-assignments keep the number of items in consolidation charts of accountsdown to a manageable level. It may, for example, be necessary to additionallyassign financial statement items in transferred assets with different transactiontypes so that all changes to the items are shown from the opening to the closingbalance.

    The subitems are grouped into subitem categories, in order to distinguish thetransaction types in transferred assets from those in equity, for example. Only onesubitem category can be assigned to a particular financial statement item in SAPConsolidation. Default subitems are provided for each of the subitem categories inthe consolidation charts of accounts supplied with the system.

    Other standard sub-assignments are partner, currency and acquisition year/period.

    The breakdown type determines whether the FS item value should be expandedwhen entering and posting to this sub-assignment and how the system shouldcheck the respective sub-assignment, for example: required breakdown: valueentry was forced, default value allowed.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Figure 20: Selected FS Items

    To create automatic postings the system requires information about certainfinancial statement items, for example, for posting financial statement balancingadjustments and deferred taxes.

    All special items (in this example, the items retained earnings in the balancesheet/income statement, allocation of deferred taxes in the balance sheet, and taxexpense in the income statement) are dependent on the chart of accounts and therelevant consolidation version.

    The example shown is a depreciation adjustment. The following assumptionswere made:

    The individual balance sheet corresponds to the tax balance sheet. The consolidated balance sheet corresponds to the commercial balance sheet. The useful life of the machine is 4 years for the consolidation unit and

    5 years for the cons group. The tax rate is 60%.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Structuring Data

    Figure 21: Structuring Data - Characteristics

    In the Consolidation database, SAP delivers a large number of predefinedcharacteristics. They are used for structuring your data, above all transactiondata. For that reason the most important characteristics are the key fields in thetransaction databases. If you require further sub-assignments, you can createyour own characteristics.

    As attributes, the characteristics can describe the consolidation unit in more detail.You can create characteristics to break down items, which structure the transactiondata. You can define your own characteristic hierarchies and evaluate them indrilldown reporting / Excel reports. For example, you can reproduce a hierarchyof products for the item net sales.

    Definition of custom characteristics:

    In the Consolidation database, you can add characteristics, which arebased on structures that already exist in the SAP system (for example,region). Then you receive a list of components, that let you maintain thecharacteristic values, and you can go to these IMG activities. For everycustom sub-assignment, that you create with a new validation table, you canload the values into the system by means of flexible upload.

    You can add characteristics, whose structures have to be regenerated (forexample type of company). The system then generates the necessary ABAPDictionary objects and maintenance views.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Figure 22: Characteristic Consolidation Unit - Attributes

    You can use attributes to define additional information about the consolidationunit. This characteristic summarizes the consolidation units in reporting indifferent groupings.

    SAP delivers the characteristics country, company, consolidation business area,profit center and controlling area as attributes for the consolidation unit. Theyare useful when you transfer the reported financial data of your integratedconsolidation units.

    You can add navigation attributes to the characteristic consolidation unit. Thesystem automatically assigns the characteristics partner unit and investee unit tothe attribute.

    Interunit elimination: You could restrict the values to be selected to certainconsolidation and partner units. For example when you divide your consolidationun its into manufacturing companies and financial institutions, then you couldrestrict the elimination to a type of company, in order to study the eliminationdifferences separately.

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  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Figure 23: sub-assignments of the Financial Statement Item

    Along with the standard sub-assignments you can define your ownsub-assignments as characteristics and assign an item.

    For every account assignment you can define a breakdown type within abreakdown category. When a sub-assignment is missing, the breakdown typedetermines whether a default value is set. You can define default values for thefollowing characteristics: partner unit, subitem, custom characteristic, for whichyou have set a default value when defining the indicator. Example: Enter whichdefault partner unit should be set, when the account assignment information on thepartner unit is missing, for example with the realtime update of reported data.

    Compound of characteristics: A region, for example, can only be maintained orinterpreted together with a countrys data. In such a case you would create twocustom sub-assignments and assign them to each other.

    Custom characteristics extend the database of Consolidation. SAP recommendsthat you activate and generate the new characteristics, when you have completedcreating the characteristics, and are sure that you want to work with this database.In this way, you avoid time-consuming deletion actions. Note that deleting acharacteristic is no longer possible, when you have already posted data with thischaracteristic.

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Consolidation Database Structure

    Figure 24: Consolidation Database - Structure

    These are the most important fields in the Consolidation totals database.

    The first 5 fields in block A store the business unit whose data is collected andprocessed (dimension, consolidation unit), the collection period (year, accountingperiod), the data category (version) and the consolidation group currency(indirectly from the ledger field).

    You can use multiple ledgers in SAP Consolidation to achieve greater flexibility inyour use of group currencies.

    The fields in blocks B1 and B2 store the consolidation chart of accounts, thefinancial statement item and all additional account assignments that can occur inthe data collected in SAP Consolidation. The fields Document type and Consgroup in block C are only used for posting transactions within Consolidation.

    The last 4 fields (block D) store up to three currency amounts and a quantity fortotals records. In addition, the database contains a balance carried forward fieldand 16 period fields.

    The totals database is flexible. You can add fields to the additional accountassignments (block B2) predefined by SAP.

    54 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Exercise 2: Exercises for FinancialStatement Chart of Accounts, FinancialStatement Items

    Exercise ObjectivesAfter completing this exercise, you will be able to: Use financial statement items and FS item hierarchies

    Business ExampleThe group, G1, plans to introduce the SAP Consolidation by the end of this year.

    Corporate management wants to prepare consolidated financial statements forDecember 2003 using the SAP system.

    Group G1, requires support from experienced SAP consultants. The managementof your company creates a prototype for a presentation to be presented to thesteering committee of group, G1.

    The competitors will be judged on the outcome of this presentation, and thecontract for implementation of SAP Consolidation awarded accordingly.

    You have been asked by the management of your consulting firm to build aprototype with a colleague within the next five days. Structure of corporate group,

    G1:

    Task 1:Master data for the consolidation chart of accounts:

    1. Check the definition of the master data for chart of accounts XY (XY =50 + your group number).

    Task 2:Changing item 311200:

    1. Correct the totals item:

    While checking the master record of the item Insurance Expense, youdiscovered that the item is not defined as a totals item.

    2. Creating value items:

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Create the related value items, Building Insurance Expense and OtherInsurance Expenses.

    Note: Find this item by navigating in the hierarchy.

    Task 3:Maintaining financial statement (FS) items:

    1. When presenting your prototype, you will outline the FS item hierarchy andthe content of an FS item master record (191500).

    Explain the following terms using the item Machinery and Equipment asan example:

    a). Breakdown category

    b). Subitem category

    c). Default subitem

    d). Subitems

    When you exit the FS item hierarchy, generate sets.

    The example includes the following selected items used for postings:

    a. Creation of automatic line items; for example, the modification of theannual net income item in the balance sheet and the income statement whenfinancial statement imbalances occur.

    b. Posting of deferred income taxes

    Your colleague was not aware that this function existed.

    Task 4:Define the following selected items:

    1. Define the following selected items and explain them at the same time.

    What you enter:ANI, B/S itemFS Item Debit and Credit 251200Sub Item Category 6SubItem 120ANI I/S TabFS Item 390000

    Continued on next page

    56 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    What you enter:Def. Tax, B/S tabFS Item Debit 150100FS Item Credit 225100Def. Tax, I/S tabFS Item Debit & Credit 350100Other items tabFS Balancing adjustment item 239999

    Item- debit and Item- credit 251100

    Subitem category 6Subitem 120

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 57

  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Solution 2: Exercises for FinancialStatement Chart of Accounts, FinancialStatement ItemsTask 1:Master data for the consolidation chart of accounts:

    1. Check the definition of the master data for chart of accounts XY (XY =50 + your group number).

    a) Master data for the consolidation chart of accounts:

    To display cons chart of accounts master data, you choose:

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Execute ProjectSAP Reference IMG Enterprise Controlling Consolidation Master Data Financial Statement Items User-Definedconsolidation Chart of Accounts Maintain Item Hierarchies forcons Chart of Accounts Edit Item Hierarchies Choose

    Go to the chart of accounts master data by double-clicking on the chartof accounts at the top of the hierarchy display

    Enter the description Group ## Chart of Accounts.

    Save.

    You can see that your chart of accounts allows for an output length of 6characters for its FS items, and that retained earnings are recorded inthe balance sheet. Select Back to return to the hierarchy.

    Task 2:Changing item 311200:

    1. Correct the totals item:

    While checking the master record of the item Insurance Expense, youdiscovered that the item is not defined as a totals item.

    2. Creating value items:

    Continued on next page

    58 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Create the related value items, Building Insurance Expense and OtherInsurance Expenses.

    Note: Find this item by navigating in the hierarchy.

    a) Changing item 311200:

    In the item hierarchy, you can go to the items master data by selectingthe income statement item Insurance Expense (311200).

    Menu Path: Node IS Net Income Net Income before minorityinterest Income from continuing operations Income beforetaxes Operating Income Operating expenses

    Double-click 311200. On Attributes tab, instead of FS item type Valueitem, choose item type Totals item, and save your change.

    Execute the consistency check.

    Leave your cursor on the totals item 311200 and choose Create .

    Enter the two new items, for example 311201 and 311202 with theitem texts: Building Insurance Expense and Other Insurance Expense,respectively.

    Maintain FS item master data for 311201 and 311202.

    Choose FS Item type: Value Item, where-applied indicator: IncomeStatement Item, Sign for Entry: Debit, Breakdown Cat 2000, functionalarea.

    Save your entries, execute the consistency check and generate sets (bychoosing the Generate sets icon) when you exit the hierarchy.

    Task 3:Maintaining financial statement (FS) items:

    1. When presenting your prototype, you will outline the FS item hierarchy andthe content of an FS item master record (191500).

    Explain the following terms using the item Machinery and Equipment asan example:

    a). Breakdown category

    b). Subitem category

    c). Default subitem

    d). Subitems

    When you exit the FS item hierarchy, generate sets.

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    The example includes the following selected items used for postings:

    a. Creation of automatic line items; for example, the modification of theannual net income item in the balance sheet and the income statement whenfinancial statement imbalances occur.

    b. Posting of deferred income taxes

    Continued on next page

    60 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Your colleague was not aware that this function existed.

    a) Maintaining financial statement (FS) items:

    In the item hierarchy go to node BS:

    Menu Path: BS Total Assets Total Fixed Assets Property,Plant & Equipment, Net Property, Plant & EquipmentMachinery and Equipment (191500). Or

    Edit Find 191500

    The breakdown category 1000 (transaction type) has been assigned tothe item on the Attributes tab and the breakdown type 3 (requiredbreakdown) has been assigned to the subitem on the subassignment tab.

    The set of subitems CS01-1000 has been assigned.

    1. The breakdown category classifies subassignments that arerequired for performing consolidation tasks.The followingsubassignments are supported

    Partner unit Transaction currency Year of acq, period of acq Subitem Customsubassignments

    For each financial statement item, the breakdown categorydetermines which subassignments must e entered

    2. The subitems category enables you to classify your subitems. Asubitem category is assigned to each FS Item, thus allocating allof the associated subitems of the category to the FS item. E.g.you can define subitem categories for

    Transaction types Product groups Divisions

    The subitems are grouped into subitem categories in order todistinguish between transaction types in Fixed Assets from thosein Equity for example

    3. The default sub-item is used when no value has been specifiedfor the sub-assignment

    4. A sub-item is a sub-assignment of a financial statement item,i.e.the value assigned for the particular transaction.

    Continued on next page

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  • Unit 2: Master Data AC660

    Task 4:Define the following selected items:

    1. Define the following selected items and explain them at the same time.

    What you enter:ANI, B/S itemFS Item Debit and Credit 251200Sub Item Category 6SubItem 120ANI I/S TabFS Item 390000Def. Tax, B/S tabFS Item Debit 150100FS Item Credit 225100Def. Tax, I/S tabFS Item Debit & Credit 350100Other items tabFS Balancing adjustment item 239999

    Item- debit and Item- credit 251100

    Subitem category 6Subitem 120

    a) Selected items for posting:

    Selected items are maintained in Customizing.

    Menu Path: Tools Customizing IMG Execute ProjectSAP Reference IMG Enterprise Controlling ConsolidationMaster Data Financial statement items Specify selected itemsfor posting

    If there are no selected items specified for your example, choose Newentries and enter selected items as listed in the Exercises section ofthis unit.

    Otherwise review that the selected items are the same as those listed inthe Exercises section . Check that all subitems are properly assigned.

    Select FS items are used to create automatic postings.

    62 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Lesson: Consolidation Chart of Accounts

    Lesson Summary

    You should now be able to: Specify the purpose and use of consolidation charts of accounts Describe the financial statements items Explain the breakdown category and subitems Explain how characteristics structure the transaction data of consolidation Describe the function of user-defined attributes for providing additional

    information about the consolidation unit Create customer-specific sub-assignments as custom characteristics and

    assign an item

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  • Unit Summary AC660

    Unit SummaryYou should now be able to: Explain how global session parameters enable a user-friendly environment Describe the use of hierarchical displays in the SAP Consolidation interface Explain the function of list processor in the Consolidation interface State the role of the SAP standard functions and multilevel customizing

    for a user-friendly interface Describe the purpose and use of Dimension Explain how dimension can be used Explain how to work with a ledger for a consolidation group Evaluate and state the advantage of using a version for consolidation Describe a consolidation unit and a consolidation group Specify the purpose and use of consolidation charts of accounts Describe the financial statements items Explain the breakdown category and subitems Explain how characteristics structure the transaction data of consolidation Describe the function of user-defined attributes for providing additional

    information about the consolidation unit Create customer-specific sub-assignments as custom characteristics and

    assign an item

    64 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Test Your Knowledge

    Test Your Knowledge

    1. Global parameters are important settings for SAP Consolidation that remainsame for a work session.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

    2. What are the functions that can be performed with hierarchies?

    3. What are the main components of the list processor?

    4. What is the function of multi-level customizing?

    5. Dimensions are specific views on group reporting.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

    6. The master data created for the consolidation groups is valid only in therelevant dimension.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

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  • Test Your Knowledge AC660

    7. A consolidation version is composed of special versions.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

    8. In a dimension, hierarchies are structured sets of consolidation units andconsolidation groups. With regard to the above statement, which of thefollowing is NOT correct?Choose the correct answer(s). A The top-most consolidation group defines the hierarchies. B A given dimension cannot represent more than one consolidation

    type. C You can create any number of hierarchy levels. D The number of hierarchy levels can vary in different branches

    of the same hierarchy.

    9. Name the currencies in which the data in the ECMCT totals table can bemanaged.

    10. In the consolidation charts of accounts, all financial statement items arearranged logically in an item hierarchy.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

    11. The FS item type puts the of an item in concreteterms, with regard to data entry, posting and processing in evaluations.Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    12. keep the number of items in consolidationcharts of accounts down to a manageable level.Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    66 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Test Your Knowledge

    13. How can characteristics describe the consolidation unit in detail?

    14. Using characteristics, you can define further sub-assignments.Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    15. It is possible to add attributes to the chararcteristicconsolidation unit.Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.

    16. Custom characteristics extend the database of consolidation.Determine whether this statement is true or false. True False

    03-12-2004 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 67

  • Test Your Knowledge AC660

    Answers

    1. Global parameters are important settings for SAP Consolidation that remainsame for a work session.

    Answer: True

    Global session parameters save the user-specific settings for the dimension,the version, the year, the period, the consolidation chart of accounts, andthe ledger during a system session.

    2. What are the functions that can be performed with hierarchies?

    Answer: You can perform many functions with hierarchies such as maintainmaster data, start and monitor data collection and consolidation functionsand generate reports. Many complex functions also use hierarchical displays.

    3. What are the main components of the list processor?

    Answer: Expand and collapse functions, filter function and search functionare some of the component functions of the list processor.

    4. What is the function of multi-level customizing?

    Answer: Multi-level customizing keeps unneeded functions out of sight.

    5. Dimensions are specific views on group reporting.

    Answer: True

    In a dimension, you define the group structure as a hierarchy of consolidationunits and groups.

    6. The master data created for the consolidation groups is valid only in therelevant dimension.

    Answer: True

    Consolidation groups and consolidation units are dependent on thedimension.

    68 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • AC660 Test Your Knowledge

    7. A consolidation version is composed of special versions.

    Answer: True

    Special versions are methods and tasks that cover the various areas ofconsolidation.

    8. In a dimension, hierarchies are structured sets of consolidation units andconsolidation groups. With regard to the above statement, which of thefollowing is NOT correct?

    Answer: B

    A given dimension can represent one or more consolidation types. As aresult, any consolidation unit or group can exist in any number of hierarchies.

    9. Name the currencies in which the data in the ECMCT totals table can bemanaged.

    Answer: The data in the ECMCT totals table can be managed in threecurrencies such as transaction currency, currency of the consolidation unit,and ledger currency.

    10. In the consolidation charts of accounts, all financial statement items arearranged logically in an item hierarchy.

    Answer: True

    The consolidation charts of accounts structure the financial statement itemsin accordance with the internal and external requirements of the consolidatedfinancial statements.

    11. The FS item type puts the characteristics of an item in concrete terms, withregard to data entry, posting and processing in evaluations.

    Answer: characteristics

    12. sub-assignments keep the number of items in consolidation charts ofaccounts down to a manageable level.

    Answer: sub-assignments

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  • Test Your Knowledge AC660

    13. How can characteristics describe the consolidation unit in detail?

    Answer: You can create characteristics to break down items, which structurethe transaction data. Also you can define your own characteristic hierarchiesand evaluate them in drilldown reporting / Excel reports.

    14. Using custom characteristics, you can define further sub-assignments.

    Answer: custom

    15. It is possible to add navigation attributes to the chararcteristic consolidationunit.

    Answer: navigation

    16. Custom characteristics extend the database of consolidation.

    Answer: True

    You can activate and generate new characteristics after completing creationof characteristics and when you are definitely going to work on this database.

    70 2004 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 03-12-2004

  • Unit 3Data Collection

    Unit OverviewIn this unit, you will learn about the important procedures for data collection.You will get an overview of the individual data collection procedures and theprocedures online entry, offline entry, and flexible upload. In addition, youwill learn the concept of the monitor and how to implement all the necessarycustomizing settings. You will learn about the required settings for postings andhow to generate a posting document. You will also be able to define validationrules, start validation, and interpret the error log. The following points detail howthe unit fits into the overall context of the course: Before consolidation can takeplace, the individual financial statements from the consolidation units have to becollected in the SAP system. Both adjustment and consolidation entries have to bemade during consolidation. To achieve this, the following preparation is required:Selected financial statement items have to be defined to perform the automaticpostings. Document types with the appropriate number ranges have to be definedin the system to differentiate between the individual postings. The postings areallocated to different posting levels to be able to evaluate the original individualFS values, adjustment entries, and consolidation entries at all times.

    Unit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you will be able to:

    Explain the data collection methods from both SAP systems and thenon-SAP systems

    Use financial data in consolidation Describe the features of the status monitor Customize data monitor Assign tasks in the data monitor Describe the settings for online data entry Define data entry layouts Describe offline data entry with Microsoft Access/Excel Explain flexible upload Explain the concept of validations Describe postings and document types

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  • Unit 3: Data Collection AC660

    Unit ContentsLesson: Overview of Data Collection.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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