S C A D AS C A D A

SSUPERVISORY UPERVISORY CCONTROL ONTROL

AAND ND DDATA ATA AACQUISITIONCQUISITION

SCADASCADA

Basically consists of data accessing feature and Basically consists of data accessing feature and controlling process remotely.controlling process remotely.

Conversion of data is possible i.e. analog to Conversion of data is possible i.e. analog to digital and vice versa.digital and vice versa.

Can communicate to any of the protocols Can communicate to any of the protocols available in market. available in market.

Completely rely on window based operating Completely rely on window based operating systems systems

Distance as such doesn’t hamper SCADA Distance as such doesn’t hamper SCADA operation.operation.

SCADA is not dedicated to any one type of SCADA is not dedicated to any one type of application or industry.application or industry.

Why SCADA?Why SCADA?

Previously without SCADA an Previously without SCADA an industrial process was entirely industrial process was entirely controlled by PLC, CNC , PID & controlled by PLC, CNC , PID & microcontrollers having programmed microcontrollers having programmed in certain languages or codes.in certain languages or codes.

These codes were either written in These codes were either written in assembly language or relay logic assembly language or relay logic without any true animation that without any true animation that would explain the process running.would explain the process running.

SCADASCADA

In the left side you see the ladder program which is written In the left side you see the ladder program which is written for PLC and on the right side is the process for which the for PLC and on the right side is the process for which the logic is written.logic is written.

Now we can easily understand the process if it is shown Now we can easily understand the process if it is shown with some animations rather then written codes.with some animations rather then written codes.

Hence SCADA came to exist and with him he brought some Hence SCADA came to exist and with him he brought some exclusive features that amazed the industrial peoples.exclusive features that amazed the industrial peoples.

SCADA related to industrial process is called industrial SCADA related to industrial process is called industrial SCADA.SCADA.

Understanding SCADAUnderstanding SCADA It works like a supervisor who supervises the entire It works like a supervisor who supervises the entire

plant area ,if needed it also controls the process as plant area ,if needed it also controls the process as well it converts the data segments for storing process well it converts the data segments for storing process values i.e. level , pressure , switch positions , density , values i.e. level , pressure , switch positions , density , temperature, messages , etc.temperature, messages , etc.

From a distant place if we want to run the process i.e. From a distant place if we want to run the process i.e. starting , stopping , opening and closing of field starting , stopping , opening and closing of field instruments as well logging the various values. SCADA instruments as well logging the various values. SCADA can do for you.can do for you.

SCADA is not a 100% controller it is just a software SCADA is not a 100% controller it is just a software which has to be linked with controllers. ultimately it which has to be linked with controllers. ultimately it has to connected to PLC / PID / DCS systems which in has to connected to PLC / PID / DCS systems which in turn are connected to field instrumentsturn are connected to field instruments..

How is SCADA connectedHow is SCADA connected

SCADA is installed in the computers SCADA is installed in the computers and through serial port it is linked to and through serial port it is linked to PLC .PLC .

All the field devices are connected to All the field devices are connected to PLC and they get signals or commands PLC and they get signals or commands from PLC.from PLC.

Whatever applications we want to run Whatever applications we want to run can be executed either through PLC or can be executed either through PLC or SCADA.SCADA.

SCADASCADA

Hazardous areas , unhygienic places , hilly Hazardous areas , unhygienic places , hilly areas and sea beds were a person can’t be areas and sea beds were a person can’t be send regularly but process has to be watched send regularly but process has to be watched continuously or it should be controlled then it continuously or it should be controlled then it can be done using SCADA.can be done using SCADA.

Without going to field area if one wants to Without going to field area if one wants to reset alarms or wants to log a data for a reset alarms or wants to log a data for a period of time or wants to know status of period of time or wants to know status of various units of his company then SCADA is various units of his company then SCADA is the best option.the best option.

Features of SCADAFeatures of SCADA

Dynamic representationDynamic representationDatabase connectivity Database connectivity Device connectivityDevice connectivityAlarmsAlarmsTrendsTrendsScriptsScriptsSecuritySecurityRecipe ManagementRecipe ManagementNetworkingNetworking

DYNAMIC REPRESENTATIONDYNAMIC REPRESENTATION

This feature explains about the This feature explains about the representation of various symbols of field representation of various symbols of field instruments which are present in tool instruments which are present in tool library which can be utilized in SCADA library which can be utilized in SCADA applications.applications.

SCADA is not dedicated to any specific SCADA is not dedicated to any specific industry hence its library is so large that industry hence its library is so large that you can use it for any industries available.you can use it for any industries available.

DATABASE CONNECTIVITYDATABASE CONNECTIVITY

SCADA doesn’t has its own database just SCADA doesn’t has its own database just like Microsoft. Hence for storage it rely on like Microsoft. Hence for storage it rely on databases available in the market.databases available in the market.

It can be connected to VB , SQL ,EXCEL , It can be connected to VB , SQL ,EXCEL ,

or SAP.or SAP.

DEVICE CONNECTIVITYDEVICE CONNECTIVITY

SCADA is not a 100% controller i.e. SCADA is not a 100% controller i.e. SCADA alone can’t run process. SCADA alone can’t run process. SCADA can be connected to any PLC SCADA can be connected to any PLC or controller. or controller.

Hence any DCS that are available in Hence any DCS that are available in the market by using specific driver the market by using specific driver software.software.

ALARMSALARMSIn the field area alarms are generated for In the field area alarms are generated for warnings or to keep the process betweenwarnings or to keep the process between

certain limits.certain limits.

Generally these alarms are implemented by Generally these alarms are implemented by

indicating lamps or Hooters in field but indicating lamps or Hooters in field but SCADA represents it with a format.SCADA represents it with a format.

The format consists of date , time , status , The format consists of date , time , status ,

priorities , many such elements which can priorities , many such elements which can be used for generation of reports.be used for generation of reports.

TRENDSTRENDS

These are also called as XY plotters or These are also called as XY plotters or Data loggers. Basically it represents the Data loggers. Basically it represents the values in wave formats .It is one of the values in wave formats .It is one of the important feature of SCADA.important feature of SCADA.

It plots the value with reference to time.It plots the value with reference to time. Trend is subdivided into real time and Trend is subdivided into real time and

historical trends. i.e. we can see the historical trends. i.e. we can see the present values of the process as well past present values of the process as well past values and can be stored and records can values and can be stored and records can be maintained for the same.be maintained for the same.

SCRIPTSSCRIPTS

• It is the combination of logical operators which are written in a statement.

• It is used to run the applications made or stimulate before final execution.

• Various types of scripts make project execution simpler for programmer.

SECURITYSECURITY

• Every application has to be secured from unauthorized users by different security levels .

• In SCADA this security can be given as a whole as well as individually.

RECIPE MANAGEMENTRECIPE MANAGEMENT

• One of the finest feature of any SCADA .

• It explains that we can maintain various recipes of different process and implement it on the process.

• All the recipes are stored in a single server and it can be fetched by any client server from any area to run the process.

NETWORKINGNETWORKING

It explains we can share SCADA It explains we can share SCADA applications on LAN or Internet as applications on LAN or Internet as well exchange of data is possible.well exchange of data is possible.

Many Networking protocols are Many Networking protocols are supported by SCADA software.supported by SCADA software.

SCADA can be put on networking SCADA can be put on networking with other peripherals and with other peripherals and processors with various networking processors with various networking topologies.topologies.

COST ANALYSISCOST ANALYSIS

• Cost of SCADA is decided by two factors. Number of tags and packages.

• Packages are DRN and RN

• DRN stands for development ,runtime & networking.

• RN stands for run and networking.

TAGNAMES & TAGTYPESTAGNAMES & TAGTYPES

Every symbol used in software has to be Every symbol used in software has to be specified name .specified name .

The logical name given to any symbol is said The logical name given to any symbol is said to be tag name.to be tag name.

Tag types defines the symbol category.Tag types defines the symbol category. It It may be discrete , analog or strings.may be discrete , analog or strings.

SCADA ApplicationsSCADA Applications

CHEMICAL PROCESSCHEMICAL PROCESS

SCADASCADA

GAS & WATER PIPELINEGAS & WATER PIPELINE

LAKE FILTERLAKE FILTER

RESERVIOR MANAGEMENTRESERVIOR MANAGEMENT