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Science 9 Unit B
Section 1.0 – Matter can be described and organized by its physical and chemical properties
Goals for This Section:1. Identify the symbols used in the WHMIS
system
2. Identify the difference between physical and chemical properties of matter
3. Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures
4. Identify changes in matter as either chemical or physical changes
1.1 - Safety• Identify these
WHMIS Symbols:
• The HHPS (Household Hazardous Product Symbols) are used on substances sold in most stores
Hazard Type
Hazard Level
1.2 – Organizing Matter• Matter exists in three states
• The state of a substance depends on its temperature
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The Physical Properties of Matter• Physical properties can be used to describe
matter
• Some properties are qualitative (descriptive), while others are quantitative (can be measured)
• The following table includes different physical properties of matter:
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Hardness
Malleability
Ductility
Crystal Shape
Solubility
Density
Conductivity
Chemical Properties• Chemical properties describe how a particular
substance reacts with other substances
• Examples of chemical properties include:
Pure Substances• Pure substances are made of only one kind of
matter
• Pure substances can be elements or compounds
• Element:
• Compound:
Mixtures• Mixtures contain more than one type of matter
• Mechanical Mixtures:
• Solutions:
• Suspensions:
• Colloids:
1.3 – Observing Changes in Matter• Changes in matter can be physical changes or
chemical changes
• Physical changes is one where a substance changes from one state to another
• Physical changes are reversible
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Chemical Changes• Chemical changes occur when two or more
substances react and form a new substance
• The new substances have different properties than the original substances
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Evidence of Chemical Change• There are four major phenomena that indicate that
a chemical change has occurred:
Evidence of Change Example
Colour change
Odour change
Formation of solid or gas
Release or absorption of heat energy
Controlling Changes in Matter• Changes in matter can be used to produce
many products that we use everyday
• For instance, the chemical change known as fermentation can produce many substances, including beer, cheese, nail-polish remover, and fuel
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