SCIENCE REVISION

SCIENCESScience Scientist What is Studied

Biology Biologist Living things

Astronomy

Astronomer1

Stars, planets, Universe

Physics Physicist Energy, matter, movement

Chemistry

Chemist Chemicals and how to change them

Geology Geologist Rocks and earth

Ecology Ecologist How plants and animals interact with the environment

1 Not astrologist – predicts future by stars

LAB SAFETY RULES1) No running or pushing2) Keep your notebook away from experiments3) Do not taste anything in the laboratory. Always wash you

hands after working in the laboratory and especially before eating food. Cover cuts with dressing encase you spill something on them

4) If you hurt yourself or don't feel well tell your teacher5) When heating or mixing substances, never look inside the

flask or beaker. Never point these experiments at anyone6) Never eat or drink in the lab7) Wash glassware that you use, leave your bench clean and

dry and never put rubbish in the drain or sink.8) Follow the correct procedure for lighting a Bunsen burner,

handling hot equipment, dealing with chemical spills and disposing of unwanted chemicals and rubbish

9) Never mix chemicals at random, follow your teachers instructions.

LIGHTING A BUNSEN BURNER1) Push the rubber or plastic tube onto

the gas outlet2) Close the air hole, you do this by

turning the collar3) Light the match4) Turn on the gas

BUNSEN BURNER FLAMESColour Known As Hole

Yellow Safety Flame Closed

Blue Heating Flame Open

EQUIPMENT

No.Object No.Object1Beaker 21spatilas2Tripod 22gas jar3Bunsen burner 23mortar4gauze mat 24measuring cylinder5thermometer 25conical flask6test tube holder 26florence flask7tongs 27pestle8retort stand 28stirring rod9crucible 29test tube brush

10boss head11ring clamp12pipe-clay triangle13filter funnel14clamp15heat mat16test tube17evaporating basin18watchglass19safety goggles20test tube rack

LIVING THINGS See: \\Andrew\School\2008\Term 2\Exams\Sci

ence\Living Things.pptx

METRIC SYSTEM 1cm = 10 mm 1m = 100cm 1km = 1000m

1L = 1000mL

1kg = 1000g

MENISCUS Read water from Bottom of curve

Meniscus

UNITS OF MESUREMENTMeasurement

Unit Instrument

Length metre (m) ruler

Volume letre (L) mesuring cylinder

Mass kilogram (kg) scales

Tempreture Celcius (°C) thermometre

Time Seconds Stop Watch

Volume – How much space something takes upMass - How much matter is in an object

PRAC BOOK

EXPERIMENT ##Aim:HypothesisApparatusRiskMethod (Steps):

Results

Conclusion:

DISSOLVING Solvent – liquid which dissolves substances

e.g. water Solute – The substance that is dissolved e.g.

sugar The solute can only be collected by

evaporating the solvent. E.g. salt from salt water

Solution – A liquid made up of a solvent and a solute

Suspension – when you shake an insoluble substance in water, it doesn’t dissolve. E.g. mud in water.To separate the mud from the water - filter

CLASSIFICATION Grouping things

DICHOTOMOUS KEY Divide continuously into 2 groups until

each object is classified.

USING KEYS

Hockey Team

Girl

Hair Tied in Pony Tails

Long Sleeves

Short Sleeves

Hair Not Tied

Wears Glasses

No Glasses

Boy

Short Sleeved Shirt

Dark Hair

Blonde Hair

Long Sleeves Rolled Up

Black Shoes

Striped Joggers

DICHOTOMOUS

GO TO KEY1. Boy Player – Go to 2

Girl Player – Go to 5

2. Short Sleeved Shirt – Go to 3Long sleeves rolled up – Go to 4

3. Dark hair = ConBlonde Hair = Heinar

4. Black shoes = HansStriped Joggers = Leslie

5. Hair tied in pony tails – Go to 6Hair not tied – Go to 7

6. Long sleeves = KimShort sleeves = Mari

7. Wears glasses = Sze-LiNo glasses = Suzie

FILTERING

Mud (Residue)

Clear Water (Filtrate)

LIVING THINGS

Living Things

Monera (Bacteria)

Protista (Single Cell)

Fungi (Mushroom)

Plants

Animals

Invertebrates (No Backbone)

Vertebrates (Backbone)

Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Monotreme (Lay eggs)

Marsupial (Have pouch)

Placental (live young)

GROUPS

FEATURES OF LIVING THINGS Take in chemicals from outside them Use food to grow Make waste Grow Respond to changes around them Reproduce

SEDIMENTATION The process of letting an insoluble

substance settle to the bottom of a container. E.g. mud settling in water.

IRON FILLINGSIron substances are attracted to a magnet

OBSERVATION Something you notice using you senses.

SENSES Smell Taste Touch Sight Hearing

INFERENCE A likely explanation of what you

observed.

HYPOTHESIS A guess at an answer which you can test

by experimenting.

VERTEBRATESa. Fish

Moist Scales Must live in water Reproduce by eggs/live young

b. Amphibians E.g. frogs Must live near water Moist skin with no covering Breathe with lungs (on land) Lay eggs in water

c. Reptiles E.g. Snake Dry, scaly skin Can live in deserts Lay eggs with tough, leathery shells Breathe with lungs.