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SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
• New age of thinking• Discovery of new land, people, plants, etc
• Advanced technology needed • Specifically for travel
• Discoveries of incorrect ancient beliefs
FRANCIS BACON AND RENE DESCARTES
• Most important scholars that helped develop the Scientific Method • Scientific Method
1. Identify the Problem/Ask a Question
2. Form an Hypothesis
3. Conduct an Experiment
4. Record Results
5. Analyze Results
GEOCENTRIC THEORY
• The Earth is the center of the universe and the sun, moon, and planets revolve around the Earth.
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
• First man to mathematically prove the Heliocentric Theory correct, and to complete a full model of the solar system
• Heliocentric Theory: The sun is the center of the universe. The Earth revolves around the sun.
• Tycho Brahe – wanted to prove Copernicus wrong
• Brahe and his assistant Johannes Kepler actually proved Copernicus’ work right
GALILEO GALILEI
• Built first telescope used for astronomy in 1609
• First man to observe Saturn, craters on the moon, sunspots, Jupiter's moons, and to discover the Milky Way is made up of stars
ISAAC NEWTON
• Discovered Universal Gravity • Used astronomy, physics, and mathematics to make his discovery
• From these findings, he also developed Calculus
GALEN
• Greek physician • Believed human anatomy to be the same as an animal’s• Never dissected a human being
ANDREAS VESALIUS
• Received executed criminals bodies for dissection to explore human anatomy • Hired artists to produce
drawings to share his discoveries
ANTHONY VAN LEEUWENHOEK
• Developed a magnifying lens in order to produce a microscope • First man to describe bacteria,
red blood cells, yeast, and other microorganisms.
ROBERT BOYLE
• Father of Chemistry • First to define an element and discover changes in matter (atoms and
molecules)
• Boyles Law: Describes how temperature, volume, and pressure affects gases
ANTOINE-LAURENT LAVOISIER
• Discovered the Law of Conservation of Mass: proving that mass can not be created nor destroyed.
• Named Oxygen • Introduced the Metric System • Invented the first Periodic Table
with 33 elements
CHURCH OPPOSES SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION • Catholic Church created Universities, or Cathedral schools, to train the leaders
of the church
• Most scientists were Christians• Therefore, they did not want to cause conflict with the church
• Church = inspiration and revealed truth (the Bible and God, faith)
• Science = facts and logical reasoning
• Church eventually accepted some scientific discoveries because they helped the church instead of hurt it
• Church disapproved of Galileo and his work