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NUTRITIONCHALLENGES INEUROPE AND THEPOLICY RESPONSEFrancesco BrancaRegional Adviser
Nutrition and Food Security
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Source: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2006.
Overweight in women (2000-2006)
25%
26-34.9%35-44.9%
45-54.9%
55-64.9%
65%
No data
Measured
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Trends of overweightamong school children
Source: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2006.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Survey year
Prevalence
ofoverweight(in
cludingobesity)
(%)
bothgende
rs
Denmark, 6-8 years
Denmark, 14-16 years
France, 5-12 years
France, 5-6 years
Germany, 5-10 years
Germany, 11-14 years
Germany, 5-6 years
Iceland, 9 yearsNetherlands, 9 years
Spain, 6-7 years
Spain, 13-14 years
Sweden, 6-11 years
Sweden, 9-11 years
Switzerland, 6-12 years
UK, 5-10 years
UK, 4-11 years
UK, 11-12 years
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Double burden of child malnutrition
Source: Adapted from CattaneoA et al. Child nutrition in CEE and CIS countries: report of a situation analysis. Geneva,
UNICEF, 2007.
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Bela
rus
Cro
atia
Bulgaria
Georgia
TFYR
ofMaced
onia
Serbia
Ukraine
Kyrgyz
stan
Armenia
BosniaandHerzego
vina
Kazakh
stan
Russian
Federa
tion
Uzbeki
stan
Montene
gro
Romania
Albania
Azerbaijan
Tajikistan
Percentage
(%)
Underweight Overweight
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Anaemia in Preschool Children
Normal (
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Food safety problems Microbiological, including zoonoses and
antibiotic resistance Chemical
Radioactive isotopes
Risks from new production, packagingand processing technologies
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Positive developments, butstill far from targets
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Childhood obesity epidemiclevelling off in Sweden since 2000? Gteborg : OW decreased in girls
Stockholm : OW + OB decreased in
girls and OB decreased in boys Karlstad, Ume, Vsters Ystad : OB
decreased in boys and girls
Source : Lissner et al., IJO 2007
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Intake of saturated fatty acids ishigher than recommended
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
IsraelItaly
Portugal
Serbia
S
pain
Croatia
Norway
Bulgaria
Po
land
Kazakhstan
Greece
Georgia
UnitedKing
dom
Lithuania
Fin
land
Germany
Hun
gary
Slovenia
Iceland
Denmark
Sweden
France
Belarus
Belgium
Au
stria
%Energy
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Supply of fruit and vegetables is belowthe recommendations in many countries
>600g/person/day
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Food safety : uneven progress
Improved situation in many EU
countries due to rigid regulation
Major food safety challenges in the
Balkan and CIS region Foodborne diseases incompletely
reported New threats will occur
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The modern food system Globalisation of food trade
Longer and more centralised foodchain
Concentration of food retail
Urban food deserts
Increased consumption of industrially
processed foods Increased consumption of foods out-of-
home
Di t i i fl d b f t f
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Agricultural policies
Trade and fiscal policies
Social policies
Urban planning policies
Consumer protection policies
Educational policies
Food production,processing and retaildistribution
SUPPLY DEMAND
Individualchoices
Price
Availability
Quality
Safety
Knowledge,attitudes,
practices
Income
Diet is influenced by features of
supply and demand
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The Revised Action Plan forFood and Nutrition Policy
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Why a Revised Action Plan? The 2000 Action Plan
promoted the development ofnutrition policies
Nutrition policies are not fully
implemented New challenges
New policy developments
FOO D AND NUTRITION
ACTION P LANS IN THE WHO
EUROPEAN REGION
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1994/95 1998/99 2005
Yes No
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What is new in the Food andNutrition Action Plan 2007 ? Common goals
Detailed action areas to influencesupply of food and consumers
behaviours International dimension and national
specificities
Implementation steps : actors,partnerships, priorities
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Goals Nutrition : saturated fat, trans fatty acids,
free sugars, fruit and vegetables, salt
Food safety :risk based and tailored(salmonella, campylobacter, brucellosis)
Food security : reduce hunger (MDG)
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2007
Oct Nov Jun Sep
MemberSt
atesConsultation,
Copenhagen
Ministe
rialConference,Istanbul
Coun
terpartsm
eeting,Paris
2 Writtenconsultations
57thReg
ionalCommittee,Belgrade
Outline 2 drafts Final draft20062005
Comments ofdrafting group
The development of the Action Plan
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ACTION AREAS
1. Supporting a healthy start2. Ensuring safe, healthy and
sustainable food supply
3. Providing comprehensiveinformation and educationto consumers
4. Implementing integrated actions
5. Strengthening nutrition andfood safety in the health sector6. Monitoring and evaluation
HEALTHCHALLENGES
Diet relatednoncommunicablediseases
Obesity in childrenand adolescents
Micronutrient
deficiencies
Foodbornediseases
Challenges and action areas
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Ensuring safe, healthyand sustainable food supply
1. Improve the availability of fruitand vegetables
2. Promote the reformulation ofmainstream food products
3. Promote appropriatemicronutrient fortification ofstaple food items and developcomplementary foods withadequate micronutrient content
4. Improve food supply and foodsafety in public institutions
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Ensuring safe, healthyand sustainable food supply
5. Ensure that the commercial offer of food
products is aligned to food-based dietaryguidelines
6. Explore the use of economic tools (taxes,
subsidies)
7. Establish targeted programmes for the
protection of vulnerable groups
8. Establish intersectoral food safety systemswith a farm to fork approach
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Providing comprehensive informationand education to consumers
1. Develop food-based dietary
guidelines and food safetyguidelines, complementedby physical activityguidelines
2. Conduct public campaignsaimed at informingconsumers
3. Ensure appropriatemarketing practices
4. Promote adequate labellingof food products
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The actors
Governments
Civil society and professional networks
Economic operators
International actors
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Role of WHO Promoting political commitment
Providing technical and policy support
Supporting and building capacity
Performing policy analysis Generating evidence
Assessing trends in nutrition and foodsafety
Reporting on implementation
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For more information Nutrizione e sicurezza
alimentarewww.euro.who.int/nutrition
Obesit in Europawww.euro.who.int/obesity
HEPA Europewww.euro.who.int/hepa