SCOM 5056Design Theory

inScience Communication

week 6: implementation design

Dave GoforthFA377 (Fraser)

705-675-1151 ext 2316 dgoforth@cs. laurentian.ca

Implementation in the Design processaudience visitors

context science centre

knowledge lever: m1d1 = m2d2

artefact

implementation

m1 m2

d2d1

Outline

1. factors in implementation

2. example – physical interaction

3. design references for implementation

4. designs for learning – Sue Allen

Implementation factors

• audience– e.g., vocabulary, Universal Design,...

• context– constraints (cost, safety,...), technology, time,...

• artefact design– editing, graphics,web guidelines, film production,...

example – physical interaction

Donald Norman, “The Design of Everyday Things”, p.188:

Design should:

1. make it easy to determine what actions are possible at any moment (make use of constraints)

example – physical interaction

Donald Norman, “The Design of Everyday Things”, p.188:

Design should:

2. make things visible including the conceptual model, the alternative actions and the results of actions

example – physical interactionDonald Norman, “The Design of Everyday

Things”, p.188:

Design should:

3. make it easy to evaluate the current state of the system

example – physical interactionDonald Norman, “The Design of Everyday Things”,

p.188:Design should:

4. follow natural mappings between intentions and the required actions; between actions and the resulting effect; and between the information that is visible and the interpretation of the system state

Bad design, good design (Norman)

• http://www.baddesigns.com/autoicons.html

Boston Museum of Science

Mars

Yosemite

Grand Canyon Alaska

Glacier

Hawaii

Reverse

Forward

Boston Museum of Science

Colour Position Dimmer

Vertical

Horizontal

Science World Vancouver

?

Boston Museum

of Science

?

Submarine

References• User interaction

– Norman, Donald. 2002. The Design of Everyday Things. New York NY: Basic Books

• Movies, video– Zettl, Herbert, many books

• Diagrams, visual information– Tufte, Edward, 4 beautiful books

• Visual display of quantitative data– Cleveland, W.S. 1993. Visualizing Data. Summit NJ: Hobart

Press.

• Risk

• Universal design– http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/pubs_p/pudperformproduct.htm

Designs for Learning – Sue AllenWhere do they fit?

1. immediate apprehendability• artefact design, implementation design

2. physical interactivity• artefact design, implementation design

3. conceptual coherence• knowledge design, artefact design

4. diversity of learners• audience, artefact design

Exhibit experience exampleExhibition “Traits of Life”, Exploratorium, 2002

• 270 m2, 50 exhibits, 4 sections– Stuff of Life– Making More Life– Change over Time– Life Uses Energy

• evaluation– George E. Hein, 2003

Exhibit evaluation example“Traits of Life” – exhibition, Hein (2003)

median < 6 minutes

average 8 min 6 sec

Attracting Power

0

0 20 40 60 80 100

1

50

visitors attracted (%)

58%

109

Holding Power

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

1

50 exhibits in attracting

order

seconds at exhibit

To conclude...

my second thoughts

• sources of scientific material

• more detailed examples, exercises on knowledge structures

your reflections on the course?