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established; so that it is intended to shortly reopen thehospital. The committee have decided to name theprincipal ward the "Williamson," in memory of the lateAlderman John Williamson of South Shields, J.P., whodied in Italy, to whose munificence the Ingham Infirmaryto a great extent owes its erection, and who was everits benefactor.

Newcastle-on-Tyne, Ma.y 6th.

SCOTLAND.(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS.)

EDINBURGH.

Opening of the International Exhibition.THIS Exhibition, which originated as an electrical one

and has developed into a larger and more pretentious under-taking, was opened on Thursday, May 1st, by the Dukeand Duchess of Edinburgh. The weather was " Queen’sweather," and the city looked its loveliest. But one blotmarred the day’s proceedings : it appears that when theirRoyal Highnesses were at the Exhibition the servants oftheir suite went to the Forth Bridge, and during theirabsence money and jewels were stolen from their RoyalHighnesses’ apartments.

Commencement of the Summer S’ession... So little was the excitement of the streets supposed to

perturb the academic repose of the medical school thatclasses met on May lst with exemplary and laudableexactness. There was, as might have been anticipated, anotable thinness on the benches. Thursday is an unfor-tunate day, under any circumstances, to open a session,’but with special attractions and excitement outside thequadrangle it was almost ludicrous. Now, however,teachers and pupils have settled down to three months’steady work.

The Chair of Public Law.The Queen, on the recommendation of the Secretary for

Scotland, has appointed Sir Ludovic Grant, Bart., advocate,to succeed the late Professor Lorimer as Professor of PublicLaw. Sir Ludovic is a son of the late Sir Alexander Grant,who was principal of the University before Sir WilliamMuir, the present principal. The new professor was

educated at Fettes College, Edinburgh, and afterwards atBaliol College, Oxford, where he graduated in 1885. Heattended law classes in the University of Edinburgh, andwas called to the Scottish bar in 1887. Sir Ludovic’s greatgrandfather, Professor Wilson, was Professor of MoralPhilosophy; his grandfather, Professor Ferrier, was Professorof Constitutional History; while his father occupied the postreferred to already. The present Baronet is thus the fourthgeneration serving the University in an important capacity.

Longmore Hospital for Incurables.The management of this hospital is making an effort to

raise funds to enable them to add a wing to the presentbuilding. The present accommodation is much too smallfor the continuous and increasing demand made for admis-sion. Few objects are more deserving of public supportthan this, and it is to be hoped the management may havethe means provided for such a very desirable object.

Presentation and Dinner to Dr. Ifoodheacl.There has been a movement on foot for some time

to present Dr. Woodhead with a suitable and enduringtoken of the regard in which he is held by his professionalbrethren and others on the occasion of his removing fromEdinburgh to London. The movement culminated on

Tuesday with a dinner and a presentation of plate. Coverswere laid for over ninety. The presentation consisted of asterling silver dessert service, tea, coffee, and afternoon teaservice, two silver candelabra, a silver salver, and kettle.On the salver was the plain inscription, "Presented to Dr.G. Sims Woodhead by a number of friends on the occasionof his departure from Edinburgh to London, 6th May, 1890."Professor Greenfield occupied the chair, and was supportedby several University professors, and by Dr. Woodhead’sfather, one of the M.P.’s for Huddersfield. The Chair.man, in proposing "Dr. Woodhead," referred to the positiorhe held in Edinburgh-a position which was truly unique:how he was a part of everything that had any academi<

relation, that he was everywhere casting a genial, healthfulinfluence on work, and that that influence would be muchmissed. His position as a pathologist and a scientist hewould not dwell upon, as they were too well known. In aperoration of deep feeling and unusual pathos, the Chair-man, in the name of the subscribers, made the presentation,and wished him God-speed in his new sphere of work.Dr. Woodhead replied with that modest manliness whichhas characterised all his relations with his fellows here,and few men will leave Edinburgh with more heartygood wishes than will accompany him.Edinburgh, May 6th. --

GLASGOW.

Clinical Teaching of Fevers in Glasgow.THE vexed question of the clinical teaching of infectious

diseases in Glasgow has received at least a temporarysettlement. In the most generous and public-spirited waythe corporation has recognised its responsibility in thematter, having, as local authority, undertaken the entirehospital care of fever cases; and being thus the solepossessors of " clinical material" for the teaching of suchdiseases, they now throw the wards of Belvidere FeverHospital open, absolutely free of charge, to medical studentsfrom any of the schools, at the same time making it part ofthe regular duty of the medical staff to give instruction infevers. The minute adopted by the Town Council on therecommendation of its Health Committee is to the followingeffects :-" (1) That as the hospital at Belvidere is now theonly place in Glasgow where clinical teaching in infectiousdiseases can be given, and as it is of great public importancethat such teaching should becontinued there, they recommendthat Dr. Allan, Physician-superintendent, should, with theassistance of the hospital medical staff, be required to givesuch instruction; Dr. Allan to report from time to timethe number of students attending, and the progress made.(2) That the teaching to be afforded by the physician--superintendent and his assistants at the hospital should begiven free to all medical students, and that any additionalmedical assistance required at the hospital should be pro-

’

vided by the magistrates and Council. (3) That withoutwithdrawing the privilege granted by the magistrates and

: Council to the professors of medicine at the various medicalschools to take their students to Belvidere for the purposeof giving clinical teaching, such professors be earnestly re-quested to urge upon their students to take advantage ofthe instruction to be afforded by Dr. Allan and his assistants,and that if such professors wish at any time to demonstrateany infectious disease in the hospital, permission to doso should be granted by the physician-superintendent orthe Hospitals Committee." The Health Committee approvedof the minute, and agreed to recommend that the clerk bedirected to send an extract thereof to the General MedicalCouncil of Great Britain and Ireland, with a representationthat, in the opinion of the local authority, no qualificationin medicine ought to be registered which is granted withoutevidence of clinical instruction in infectious diseases.There are still some palpable difficulties in the way of thefull utilisation of this noble clinical field, such as the greatdistance (three or four miles) of the hospital from the prin-cipal medical schools. It should, nevertheless, not be im-possible to hit on some arrangement whereby adequateclinical training in fevers may be obtainable. Few will befound who will dissent from the important recommendationmade to the General Medical Council. If it is adopted,some plan, including perhaps a course of clinical lectures anda minimum record of attendances in the wards, might beagreed upon which would secure the object in view. Thescheme of the Town Council, while it adds to theduties "required" of Dr. Allan and his staff in Belvidere,makes no provision for increasing his salary; this willdoubtless come. Meanwhile, a proposal has been broughtforward, but not yet adopted, that the salary of hissenior assistant be raised to &pound;150 per annum, in order toinduce a competent man to remain in the office, and devotesome time to the arrangement of teaching work. Thestudents of the various schools in Glasgow have now anopportunity such as they have never before had of studyingand recording, from daily personal observation, the detailsof the fluctuations and general progress of cases of fever; aninfinitely better method than the weekly or monthlyexcursion in which, as one of a crowd grouped round a bed,the individual student caught occasional glimpses of a

patient whom he saw probably once only. The students

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will be wise if they take proper and full advantage of theunrivalled field now opened to them. The Town Councilhas certainly done its duty, and has thus given one moreproof of the close interest with which the Scottish municipalbodies have always regarded matters of medical education.Glasgow, May 5th.

________________

IRELAND.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS.)

DUBLIN.

Meath Hospital.THE distribution of prizes awarded to the students at the

dose of the winter session took place last Monday. SirGeorge Porter, senior surgeon, eulogised the industry thesuccessful candidates had displayed in the wards. Theirfaces, he said, were well known as being the most diligentof the class. He encouraged them to persevere in thecareer they had so auspiciously commenced, and held out tothem hopes of ultimate success and professional advance-ment in the busy and useful life before them, of which theirpresent awards were but a small instalment. The follow-ing prizes were awarded :-Senior medical prize, E. C.Brabazon; second prize, W. L. Ffrench. Senior surgicalprize, Robert Perkins; second prize, Robert Lane-Joynt.Junior surgical prize, J. C. Perry; second prize, A. Gibbs.Mr. Ormsby referred to the death of Mr. Young, surgeon tothe Monaghan Infirmary, who was the oldest practitionerin the country, and the Nestor of Irish surgery in thenorth of Ireland, who had passed away full of years andhonours at the ripe age of eighty-six. He was apprenticedin Meath in 1822 to the late Professor William H. Porter.

Death of Dr. C. H. Leet.Dr. Leet died on the 2nd inst. at his residence, Rathmines,

a suburb of Dublin, at an advanced age. He was an M.D.and M. Ch. of the University of Glasgow, and for some yearsacted as representative for the Apothecaries’ Hall ofIreland on the General Medical Council. He was alsoSecretary and Examiner and formerly Professor of MateriaMedica and Medical Juprisprudence in the Apothecaries’Hall. He was an excellent example of the general practi-tioner, and at one time had a very considerable practice,being esteemed as a skilful member of the profession, anhonourable gentleman, and a true friend.

Health of Dtcblinfor March Quarter.The births numbered 2521 and the deaths 3184, being

an increase of deaths over births amounting to 663.

Zymotic diseases caused 395 deaths, or an increase of 38 overthe previous quarter. The zymotic disease which causedthe greatest number of deaths was whooping-cough, therebeing 74 fatal cases. Enteric fever caused 58 deaths, or 20in excess ; typhus 4, a decrease of 24 ; measles 48, or 25 overthe number ; scarlatina 4 ; while no death from small-pox ihas been registered since March, 1888. During last quarter 61 deaths were ascribed to influenza ; in 16 of the cases thedisease was complicated with bronchitis, in 14 with pneu-monia, in 5 with phthisis, and in 6 with cardiac disease.The medical staff of the Mater Misericordi&aelig; Hospital have

contributed a sum of i50 towards the erection of a feverwing to that institution.Dublin, May 6th.

-

BELFAST.

The Abuse of Hospitals.On Saturday last a deputation appointed by the Ulster I

Medical Society, consisting of the President (Mr. McConnell), [,Dr. Kevin, Dr. Bigger, Dr. Alexander, and Mr. Osborne,waited on the Board of Management of the Belfast RoyalHospital, and pointed out what they regarded as graveabuses of the charity, especially in the extern department.Attention was drawn to the fact that the number of out-patients has been increasing at a very rapid rate, andinstances were given of patients getting relief at thehospital who were quite fit to pay for medical attendance athome. It was suggested by the members of the deputationthat more careful supervision should be exercised with theextern patients as to their means, and that there should besome wage limit. The chairman of the Board of Manage-ment, in replying, said that the Hospital Committee were

quite alive to the fact that there were people who took anunfair advantage of the charity, and that they were mostanxious to devise means to prevent this state of matters.The deputation, having thanked the Board of Managementfor the courteous way in which they had been received, thenretired. It was decided to refer the whole matter to theHouse Committee and medical staff, who are to give in areport to the General Committee. On the same day thechairman of the Working- men’s Committee said he had beendeputed to request the Hospital Board to give medicines aswell as advice to those working men who were subscribersto the charity. This, however, the committee regrettedthey could not agree to, owing to the large outlay it wouldinvolve.At the first meeting of the new Belfast Dispensary Com-

mittee for the year, held on Monday last, a deputation fromthe Ulster Medical Society, consisting of Dr. Lewers, Dr.O’Neill, and Dr. Calwell, appeared before the members topoint out the fact that there were abuses in the dispensarysystem. It was shown by Dr. Lewers that during thelate epidemic of influenza, measles the dispensary doctorshad been very much overworked, and this had led to aninvestigation, when it was found that many who receiveddispensary aid did not deserve it. This subject was broughtbefore the Ulster Medical Society, and that body proposedthata deputation should wait on the committee. Theywishedthat a wage limit should be enforced. There was, it wassaid, such a limit, but it was not enforced. Cases werementioned in which dispensary aid was given where thewages earned in one family were &pound;2, in another 93 3s., inanother &pound;3 to &pound;5, &c. The Society thought that the issuing of"lines" (under which the dispensary doctors were compelledto attend) should be restricted to the relieving officers, or topersons capable of making an investigation into the casesbefore granting the lines. Dr. O’Neill pointed out that hefound dispensary medical officers attending cases in whichhe had himself been sent for. They had been able to payhim his fee, and, in addition, had the attendance of thedispensary medical officer. It was also pointed out that

shopkeepers and others had the right to issue "lines" who hadnot time to investigate the condition of those who appliedfor them. The hon. secretary of the Dispensary Committeesaid it was generally admitted that there was an i ndis-criminate issuing of the "lines." There were 89 members ofthe committee in Belfast, all of whom could issue " lines,"and forty-four wardens who had the same power. Hethought the latter could be dispensed with, and that themembers of the committee and the relieving officers wouldbe sufficient to issue the " lines." Ultimately, a committeewas appointed to consider the whole subject and to

report to the Dispensary Committee. The deputation,having thanked the members for the courteous way theyhad been received, then withdrew.

The Belfast Hospital for Siek Children.At the termination of the winter session, Mr. Fullerton

gained the gold medal at an examination held on theDiseases of Infancy and Childhood, and Mr. Lyons wasawarded a special prize. This hospital is now recognisedby the Royal University of Ireland as an institution fromwhich students can obtain the necessary certificates forattendance on the diseases of children. During the pastwinter thirty-four gentlemen attended the clinics.At a meeting of the Board of Governors, held at the

County Down Asylum, Downpatrick, on May 3rd, Mr.O’Flaherty was appointed resident medical superintendentof the asylum, in the room of Dr. Moore, appointed super-intendent of the Donegal Lunatic Asylum.The summer session began on May 1st. At the close of

the winter session at the Royal Hospital, Mr. Fullerton wasawarded the Coulter Exhibition.

Belfast, May 6th. _______________

PARIS.(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

Pltysiological Research and Clinical Observation.AT a recent meeting of the Societe de Therapeutique,

Dr. Huchard, in reply to a statement to the effect thatiodide of sodium was a substance of no great therapeuticaction, and possessed of an activity of a lower degree thaniodide of potassium, said that such an assertion, basedon simple physiological experiments, was not justified. It