SDGs for Mega Urban Jakarta

Raldi Hendro Koestoerralkoest@yahoo.co.uk

Consultative Workshop on Measuring Progress in Post 2015 Development Frameworks

United Nations Office for Sustainable Development 10-11 December 2013, Incheon, South Korea

Outline of Presentations

I. Challenged Issues in Mega Urban Jakarta.

II. MP3EI towards a Green Plan.

III. Urban Environmental Approaches in Review.

IV. Proxy SDG Indicators and Spatial Land-use of

Mega Urban Jakarta

V. Concluding Remarks.

Questions Encountered

1. What Spatial Issues Challenged by Mega Urban

Jakarta

2. What Constraints Framed for Mega Urban

Jakarta

3. How the Regions Survive to Achieve Green

Development (SDGs)

Challenged Issues in Mega Urban Jakarta

Mega Urban Jakarta

Mega Urban Jakarta is one of the metropolitan areas in SEA -> consisting of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi abbreaviated as Jabodetabek, known as Desakota Region

Population for the Mega Urban Jakarta (Jabodetabek) is around 27.9m people, with the area of 6,872 sq. Km. -> ranked at the 4th in the World largest Mega Urban regions.

Jabodetabek is concentrated by 11,76% of the total Population for Indonesia-> covering 18% of the national economic business circulations.

Mega Urban Issues

1. Over Populated -> Slum Area2. Distribution of Flood Vulnerability3. Traffic Congestion ->Traffic Jam & Highly Polluted Condition4. Poor Sanitation -> Deteriorating Health Condition

5. Land Utilitation -> Variety of Landuses

Masterplan for the Acceleration and

Expansion of Indonesia’s Economic Development (MP3EI )

towards a Green Plan

THINK GLOBALLY – ACT LOCALLY(TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE-SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT)

Urban Development Policy for Indonesia

1. Pro Growth

2. Pro Job

3. Pro Poor

4. Pro Environment

Framework Approach MP3EI

1. Encourage a large scale investment realization in 22 main economic activities 2. Synchronization of national action plan to revitalize the real sector performance 3. The development of center of excellence in 6 (six) economic corridors

1. Encourage a large scale investment realization in 22 main economic activities 2. Synchronization of national action plan to revitalize the real sector performance 3. The development of center of excellence in 6 (six) economic corridors

1. Developing economic corridors Indonesia

• Development of growth centers in each corridor with the development of industrial clusters and special economic region based on commodity resources

1. Developing economic corridors Indonesia

• Development of growth centers in each corridor with the development of industrial clusters and special economic region based on commodity resources

2. Strengthening National Connectivity

• Connectivity and intra-and inter-center growth in economic corridors

• Connectivity between corridor / island

• International connectivity

2. Strengthening National Connectivity

• Connectivity and intra-and inter-center growth in economic corridors

• Connectivity between corridor / island

• International connectivity

3. Strengthening national human resources capability and science and technology

• Science & Technology Capacity Building (Green Techno-Economy)

3. Strengthening national human resources capability and science and technology

• Science & Technology Capacity Building (Green Techno-Economy)

Basic Principles for economic development acceleration and expansionBasic Principles for economic development acceleration and expansion

“To create a self-sufficient, Advance, Just and Prosperous

Indonesia”

“To create a self-sufficient, Advance, Just and Prosperous

Indonesia”

Indonesia Vision 2025

Strategic Initiatives

Main Strategy

Basic Principles

22 MAIN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

INVESTMENT POLICY : Main Downstreamings Industries in MP3EI

GreaterJakarta

Sunda Straits

Strategic Area

TextileShippingICT

Machinary & Tools

Food/Beverage

Steel

Palm Oil

Rubber

Oil & GasCoalNicke

lCopper

Bauxite

Fishery

Tourism

Food Estate

The development is integrated in 6

economic corridors

Defence Equipme

nt

Cacao

Animal Husbandr

y

Woods

Development Themes in Six Economic Corridors

Urban Environmental Approaches in Review

Development of low carbon economies;

Shift to renewables and energy efficiency

economies;

Sustainability development, strengthening Public

Services, and enhancing local capacity;

Socio-Economic Welfare as the first priority.

Green Economy

(UNEP, 2013)

Green Growth

Green growth means fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our well-being relies.

The basic principles of “Green Growth” :◦Quality of economic growth◦Eco-efficiency of economic growth ◦Environmental sustainability vis-à-vis

environmental performance (UNEP, 2013)

Green Jobs

as work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development (R&D), administrative, and service activities that contribute substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality.

Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through high-efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution

(ILO-UNEP, 2013)

“Greening" Occupations The extent to which green economy activities and

technologies increase the demand for existing occupations, shape the work and worker requirements needed for occupational performance, or generate unique work and worker requirement.

Green increased demand occupations Green enhanced skills occupations Green new and emerging occupations

More precisely green jobs are decent jobs that: – Reduce consumption of energy and raw materials – Limit GHG emissions – Minimize waste and pollution – Protect and restore ecosystems (ILO-UNEP, 2013)

Spill-over in the Desakota Region

Urban Social-Economic Attractiveness affects the flow of migration from the hinterland.

One major trigger increased Urbanised trend is a trade off b/w rural land productivity and industrialization; while investment on infrastructure induced the process.

Urban Area is occupied by 30% of the total Population:-> Around 3,3m people estimated increase to 5m people by 2030 (UN-HABITAT, 2009)

Basic Principles of Green Urban Development

Environment (Ecology)

Socio-Economy (Employment)

Equity

Engagement

Energy

(Ananda, 2013)

Environmentally friendly city with effectively and efficiently utilize water resources and energy, reducing waste, implementing an integrated transport system, ensure environmental health, environmental synergy between natural and artificial, based urban planning and design in favor of the principles of sustainable development (www.unep.org/wed).

Green City

(Ananda, 2013)

Proxy SDG Indicators-Spatial Landuse of Mega Urban

Jakarta

Ecological Urban Concepts Integrated Components of Natural and Built Urban Environment Eco-efficient and Optimal Utilizations of Urban Resources Reduced Carbon Emission Recycled Waste Reducing Resources Use based on the hinterland

8 Components for Ecological Mega Urban Jabodetabek:• Land-Use• Transportation• Built Environment• Green Open Space• Waste and Water-ways Network Management• Energy System• Hidrology• Air and Solar System

(Ananda, 2013)

Phase of Sustainable Development

(Ananda, 2013)

Methods for SD in Review Ecological Footprint Barometer of Sustainability Quality of Life Assessment Ecosystem Health Assessment Natural Resource Availability Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA) Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) Sustainable Development Indicator (SDI) Ecological Footprint-Biocapacity Accounting (EF-BC

Accounting) Methods of Water and Land Resources Accounting Methods of Comparative Resources on Supply-Demand Methods Multi-dimentional Scalling (MDS) Environmental Performance Index (EPI) Sustainable Performance Index (SPI)

(Ananda, 2013)

(Hasibuan, 2013)

(Hasibuan, 2013)

(Hasibuan, 2013)

Concluding Remarks

1. Mega Urban Jakarta as a Desakota Region is remarkably Dynamics->Not only Population increased but also degrading quality of Landuse and environment emerged

2. MP3EI is a driving factor influencing the Mega Urban Environment

3. Eco-Mega Urban Management has to be promoted strongly->Indicators for SDGs should consider Econ. Productivity, Ecol. Sustainability, Social Justice, Political will and Cultural Vibrancy

4. Reviews on Eco-socecon Mega Urban Methods would assist to appropriate indicators for SDGs of Mega Urban Jakarta

Thank You........

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