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E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Event-based Surveillance
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Surveillance system
EWAR
Event based Case based
Report
signal
Report
signal
Outbreak investigationEvaluation
Introduction to surveillance
Role of IHR
EWAR •Structure,•Prioritization of diseases,•Case definitions
Signal generation
and verification
GIS
System evaluation
Outbreak investigation
Alert
Routineweekly, monthly and quarterly reporting
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Objectives of this lecture
• To provide an overview of event based surveillance and of the event management
system
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
- Event based surveillance is
the organized and rapid ca
pture of information about
events that are a potential
risk to public health.
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
•Events related to the
occurrence of disease in
humans,
•Events related to
potential exposure for
humans.
Events
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Case based vs Event Based EWAR
Event Based Surveillance
AIM: Rapid detection, reporting, confirmation,assessment of public health events.
OUTPUT: Immediate reporting.
Event Based Surveillance
AIM: Rapid detection, reporting, confirmation,assessment of public health events.
OUTPUT: Immediate reporting.
Case Based Surveillance
AIM: Systematic reporting of cases of disease, commonly Health care facility based.
OUTPUT: Daily, Weekly reporting.
Case Based Surveillance
AIM: Systematic reporting of cases of disease, commonly Health care facility based.
OUTPUT: Daily, Weekly reporting.
Information for
Action
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Event Management
Standardized process for
managing events that
threaten international
health security
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Event Management
GOAL PRINCIPLE
•Events are detected early Timeliness
•Reactions are appropriate Proportionality
•The international community is
provided with timely and accurate
information about the event
Information
sharing
•Effective international assistance
is made availableAssistance
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Step 1Identify
Scan
Screen
Verify
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Definition
EWARand IHR
Objectives
Framework
Steps1. Data2. Signals3. Verification4. Response5.Communication
M&E
No
Would the event be relevant?
Yes
Immediateverificationrequired?
Status
Decision
Process
Irrelevant event
Submitted Event
No
Verification within 24 hours
Event not verified
Yes
Verification
Signal
Information from selected sources
Information flow in an Event Management System
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Step 2Assess
• Assist,
• Monitor, or
• Discard.
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Step 3InformThrough:
•The IHR event information
site,
•The WHO websites,
•GOARN,
•Disease/hazard specific
networks,
•Media talking points.
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Introduction
Case vs Event
Event Management• Identify• Assess• Inform• Assist
Step 4Assist
Through:
•Technical advice,
•Specialized materials,
•Deploying and
supporting international
teams to affected areas,
and/or
•Coordinating
international support.
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
Question Time
Why would I choose to implement event
based surveillance as a component
of my EWAR system?
What would be the advantages for my
Health System as a whole?
E P I D E M I C A L E R T A N D R E S P O N S E SEARO –CSR Early Warning and Surveillance System Module
IHR - Event notification and determination IHR - Event notification and determination
Community concern
MediaPrivate/public clinicians concern
Public services, agencies
Health care system
Lab
Pharmacies
HOT LINEInformal system
Event-based
Surveillance Health system based
Signal
YesALERT
Public health risk identifiedUnusual disease pattern ?
Event verified ?
Public health Significance?
InternationalConcern?
PHEICInvestigation
& control
Notificationto WHO
Yes
Yes
Early Warning Response
Source
Status
Decision
Action
IHR National Focal Point
IHR WHO Focal Point