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STANDARDS OFTUBULAR EXC.HANGER
MANUFACTURERSASSOCIATION
Fifth Edition1968
•
TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION. INC.
331 Madison Avenue. New York. N.Y. 10017
George P. Byrne. Ir•• Secretary-Treasurer
MEMBERSHIP LIST
TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION
Comprising Manufacturers of Various Types
of Shell and Tube Heat Exchange Equipment
American Standard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. P. O. Box 1102~ Heat Transfer Division Buffalo, N. Y. 14240
Combustion Engineering. Inc. . 1000 Prospect Hill RoadWindsor. Conn. 06095
Engineers & Fabricators. Inc. . P. O. Box 7395Houston. Texas 77008
HeaTran Equipment Division P. O. Box 1112The Belmas Company, Inc. Houston, Texas 77001
Industrial Fabricating Company P. O. Box 45710Tulsa, Okla. 74145
Nooter Corporation 1400 S. Third StreetSt. louis, Mo. 63166
Richmond Engineering Company. Inc. . 7th & Hospital Sts.Richmond, Va. 23219
Southwestern Engineering Company 6111 East Bandini Blvd.Subsidiary of Saturn Industries los Angeles, Calif. 90054
Struthers Nuclear & Process Company 1003 Pennsylvania Ave., W.Warren. Pat 16365
Henry Vogt Machine Company , 10th & Ormsby Sts.Louisvilre, Ky. 40210
Western Supply Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ..... .P. O. Box 2739Tulsa, Okla. 74101
The Whitlock Manufacturing Company West Hartford. Conn. 06110
Yuba Heat Transfer Division P. O. Box 3158Yuba Industries, Inc. Tulsa, Oklahoma 74101
Yuba Manufacturing Division 675 East H StreetBenicia. California 94510
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TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION
Wilmer Reynolds, Jr.-Chairman Assistant ManagerHeat Exchanger Division
Henry Vogt Machine Company
Wayne W. A'Neal Chief Mechanical EngineerIndustrial Fabricating Company
G. R. Brown ManagerHeat Exchanger Design Section
Struthers Nuclear & Process Company
William E. Brockel Administrative EngineerCombustion Engineering, Inc.
Robert M. Dick Senior EngineerProcess Equipment Department
Yuba Manufacturing Division
William J. Field Design EngineerMissouri Boiler & Tank Company
Division of Nooter Corporation
Edward W. Flaxbart Vice PresidentWestern Supply Company
Harold R. Lawrance Chief Mechanical EngineerYuba Heat Transfer Division
Yuba Industries, Inc.
A. N. Major Chief EngineerThe Whitlock Manufacturing Company
Robert A. McWhirter Chief EngineerHeaTran Equipment Division
The Belmas Company, Inc.
William H. Poore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .Chief EngineerAmerican Standard
Heat Transfer Division
N. R. Gainsboro Senior Project EngineerSouthwestern Engineering Company
Subsidiary of Saturn Industries
Dan Ringo Vice PresidentEngineers & Fabricators, Inc.
Samuel P. Mahanes, Jr Chief EngineerHeat Transfer Department
Richmond Engineering Company, Inc.
•
VI
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PREFACE
Filth Edilion-19GB. Second Printing-1970. Third Printinq-1972. Fourth Printinq-1974
The fifth edition of the Standards retains the useful data and features foundin the previous edition. plus many clarifications and expansions. All sectionshave been rewritten to incorporate new data which were not previously available. This second printing includes additional updated material and certaineditorial changes and corrections, including suggestions which have resultedfrom extensive use of the Standards by both manufacturers and users of shelland tube exchangers.
A Mechanical Standards Class "B", covering the requirements of heat exchangers for chemical process service, is included to supplement Classes "R"and "C".
The Fifth Edition of the TEMA Standardswas compiled by the Editorial Committee
of the Technical Committee
Dan Ringo EDITOR
William H. Poore American StandardHeat Transfer Division
William E. Brockel Combustion Engineering, Inc.
Dan Ringo Engineers & Fabricators, Inc.
Wayne W. A'Neal Industrial Fabricating CompanyHerbert J. DanneA. J. Meehan
Aart W. VanHooff Richmond Engineering Company, Inc.Heat Transfer Department
H. A. Backstrom Struthers Nuclear & Process CompanyDaniel W. Lyons
Wilmer Reynolds. Jr Henry Vogt Machine Company
Edward W. Flaxbart Western Supply CompanyJ. R. Maslanka
A. N. Major The Whitlock Manufacturing Company
Fred H. Linley, Jr Yuba Heat Transfer Division
D. P. Billings Yuba Manufacturing DivisionYuba Industries, Inc.
Marvin D. Pearson Yuba Industries, Inc.
Karl A. Gardner..... Consultant
VII
The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, Inc.
acknowledges with appreciation
the cooperation of
•
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American National Standards Institute, Inc.
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2 CONTENTS
:I Symbol &Section Paragraph Page
~ MEMBERSHIP LIST ............................ V
~ PREFACE VII................... , ...............
~ NOTE TO USERS .............................. 1
:I 1 . N NOMENCLATURE
I 1 Size Numbering and Type Designation-Recommended
~ Practice · ............................... 2
~ 2 Heat Exchanger Components ................... 4
~ 2 F FABRICATION TOLERANCES
~ 1 External Dimensions, Nozzle, and Support locations .. 7
~ 2 Tubesheets, Partitions, Covers, and Flanges ........ 8,3 G GENERAL FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE
J INFORMATION
~1 Shop Operation .... , ................... 10
I2 Inspection ................................. 10
3 Name Plates · .............................. 10I
4 Drawings and ASME Code Data Reports ........... 11~
5 Guarantees · ................. ............. 11
I6 Preparation of Heat Exchangers for Shipment ...... 12
I 7 General Construction Features .................. 12
4 E INSTALLATION, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE
1 Performance · .............................. 13
2 Installation · ............................... 13
3 Operation ........................ , ........ 14
4 Maintenance · .............................. 15
IX
CONTENTS
SectionSymbol &Paragraph Page
5 R MECHANICAL STANDARDS TEMACLASS "R" HEATEXCHANGERS
Gaskets 34
Nozzles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Shells and Shell Covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Nozzles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
67
52
55
58
46
68
64
Tubesheets .
Floating Heads .
Shells and Shell Covers .
End Flanges and Bolting , . . 83
Baffles and Support Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Channels, Covers, and Bonnets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Baffles and Support Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Scope and General Requirements .
Channels, Covers, and Bonnets ....
End Flanges and Bolting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Floating Heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Tubes .
Scope and General Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Gaskets .
Tubesheets ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
MECHANICAL STANDARDS TEMA CLASS "c" HEATEXCHANGERS
1
2
3
4
., 5
6
7
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10
6 C
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2
3
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7
Symbol &Paragraph
B
1
2
CONTENTS
MECHANICAL STANDARDS CLASS "B" HEATEXCHANGERS
Scope and General Requirements .
Tubes .
Page
85
88
8
9
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T
3 Shells and Shell Covers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4 Baffles and Support Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
5 Floating Heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
6 Gaskets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100
7 Tubesheets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 101
8 Channels, Covers, and Bonnets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 112
9 Nozzles " 114
10 End Flanges and Bolting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. 116
MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS
1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 118
2 Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 118
3 Shells. Channels. Covers, Floating Heads. Tubesheets,and Flanges 118
4 Baffles. Support Plates. Tie Rods, and Spacers. . . . .. 120
5 Gaskets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 120
6 Bolting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 120
THERMAL STANDARDS
1 Scope and Basic Relations . 122
2 Fouling Resistances 123
3 Fluid Temperature Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 127
4 Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Data " 128
XI
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CONTENTSSymbol &
Section Paragraph Page
10 P PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
1 Average Fluid Temperature .................... 140
2 Fluid Density .............................. 140
3 Specific Heat .............................. 140
4 Heat Content of Petroleum Fractions ............. 141
5 Thermal Conductivity ........................ 141
6 Viscosity .................................. 142
7 Critical Properties .......................... 142
8 Selected References .......................... 142
11 D GENERAL INFORMATION(See Detailed Table of Contents) ................ 171
INDEX ..................................... 199
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Note to Users
NOTE TO USERS OF
THE TEMA STANDARDS
Efficient use of the TEMA Standards requires specifying not
only TEMA but also the Mechanical Standards Class "R"."C" or "B", to which the manufacturer must adhere. TEMA
"R", TEMA "C", and TEMA "B" are meaningful specifications.TEMA alone is not.
Corresponding subject matter in the three Mechanical Standards is covered by paragraphs identically numbered except
for the prefix letter. Reference must be made to the paragraphsunder the Class specified since numerous variations existamong identically numbered paragraphs in subsections "R"."C", and "B".
It is the intention of the Tubular Exchanger ManufacturersAssociation that this edition of its Standards may be used beginning with the date of issuance, and that its requirementssupersede those of the previous edition six months from suchdate of issuance, except for heat exchangers contracted forprior to the end of the six month period. For this purpose, thedate of issuance is January 1. 1968. The date of issuance forthe second printing is May I, 1970. The date of issuance forthe third printing is June I, 1972. The date of issuance forthe fourth printing is July 1, 1974.
Questions on interpretation of the TEMA Standards should beaddressed to the Secretary. Inquiries will be handled promptlyunless committee action is required. Inquiries requiring development of new technical information will only be transmittedthrough the next addendum or edition of the Standards.
STANDARDS OF TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION • 1
SECTION 1
Heat Exchanger Nomenclature
N-l.35
N-l.32
Fixed tubesheet exchangerwith removable channel and cover, bonnet type rear head, twopass shell, 33*" inside diameter with tubes 8' long.SIZE 33·96 TYPE AFM.
Spllt-ring floating head exchanger with removable channel and cover, single pass shell,23~" inside diameter with tubes 16' long.SIZE 23·192 TYPE AES.
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•STANDARDS OF TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION2 •
Fixed tubesheet exchanger having stationary and rear heads integral with tubesheets,single pass shell, 17" inside diameter with tubes 16' long.SIZE 17·192 TYPE CEN.
N-l.4 SPECIAL DESIGNSSpecial designs are not covered and may be described as best suits the manufacturer.
Putt-through floating head kettle type reboiler having stationary head integral with tubesheet. 23" port diameter and 37" inside shell diameter with tubes 16' long.SIZE 23/37·192 TYPE CKT.
N-I.34
N-I.2 TYPEType designation shall be by letters describing stationary head, shell (omitted for bundles only),and rear head, in that order, as indicated in Figure N·1.2.
N-l.3 TYPICAL EXAMPLES
N-l.31
N;,1 SIZE NUMBERING AND TYPE DESIGNATION-RECOMMENDED PRACTICEIt is recommended that heat exchanger size and type be designated by numbers and letters as describedbelow.
N-I.1 SIZESizes of shells (and tube bundles) shall be designated by numbers describing shell (and tubebundle) diameters and tube lengths, as follows:
N-l.11 NOMINAL DIAMETERThe nominal diameter shall be the inside diameter of the shell in inches, rounded off tothe nearest integer. For kettle reboilers the nominal diameter shall be the port diameterfollowed by the shell diameter, each rounded off to the nearest integer.
N-l.12 NOMINAL LENGTHThe nominal length shall be the tube length in inches. Tube length for straight tubesshall be taken as the actual overall length. For u-tubes the length shall be taken as thestraight length from end of tube to bend tangent.
U-tube exchanger with bonnet type stationary head, split flow shell, 19" inside diameterwith tubes 7' straight length.SIZE 19-84 TYPE BGU.
N-l.33
c
REAR ENDHEAD TYPES
c-r-"-'
L ~ITFIXED TUBESHEET
LIKE "A" STATIONARY HEAD
M~FIXED TUBESHEET
LIKE "B" STATIONARY HEAD
C"'...,.-,;J
N '~ITFIXED TUBE SHEET
LIKE "C" STATIONARY HEAD
P ~ITOUTSIDE PACKED FLOATING HEAD
•.""fJ~"", .\\
5.,r'~,..:L
_-:.~,=..j===
FLOATING HEADWITH BACKING DEVICE
.t~F.J.
'~\"" "T "r"'":-l r:j...:.:~{~l=..!:.";'
PULL THROUGH flOATING HEAD
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U
U·TUBE BUNDLE
C;r-';.:III II
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W f=i 1 ~~,""
PACKED FLOATING TUBESHEET"WITH LANTERN RING
SHEU TYPES
~ AE
ONE PASS SHELL
~....._._.....--- ~F
TWO PASS SHELLWITH LONGITUDINAL BAFFLE
.
~ -----}--- ~G
SPLIT flOW
~+- '--i- ~H
DOUBLE SPLIT FLOW
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DIVIDED FLOW
T
il II
KIII
1- .LKmLE TYPE REBOILER
SECTION 1
Heat Exchanger Nomenclature
I I,.,CHANNEL
AND REMOVABLE COVER
FRONT END
STATIONARY HEAD TYPES
BONNET (INTEGRAL COVER)
FIGURE N-l.2
CHANNEL INTEGRAL WITH TUBESHEET AND REMOVABLE COVER
SPECIAL HIGH PRESSURE CLOSURE
FIXEDTUlIESHEET
ONlY
REMOYAlILEiHl'-"-~~TUllE
BUNIlU!ONLY
A
B
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STANDARDS OF TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION • 3
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20. Slip-on Backing Flange21. Floating Head Cover-External22. Floating Tubesheet Skirt23. Packing Box Flange24. Packing25. Packing Follower Ring26. lantern Ring27. Tie Rods and Spacers28. Transverse Baffles or Support Plates29. Impingement Baffle30. longitudinal Baffle31. Pass Partition32. Vent Connection33. Drain Connection34. Instrument Connection35. Support Saddle36. lifting lug37. Support Bracket38. Weir39. liquid level Connection
AES
1
STANDARDS OF TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION
FIGURE N.2
For the purpose of establishing standard terminology, Figure N·2 illustrates various types of heat exchangers. Typical parts and connections, for illustrative purposes only, are numbered for identificationin Table N·2.
TABLE N.2
1. Stationary Head-Channel2. Stationary Head-Bonnet3. Stationary Head Flange-Channel or Bonnet4. Channel Cover5. Stationary Head Nozzle6. Stationary Tubesheet7. Tubes8. Shell9. Shell Cover
10. Shell Flange-Stationary Head End11. Shell Flange-Rear Head End12. Shell Nozzle13. Shell Cover Flange14. Expansion Joint15. Floating Tubesheet16. Floating Head Cover17. Floating Head Flange18. Floating Head Backing Device19. Split Shear Ring
4 •
SECTION 1Heat Exchanger Nomenclature
N·2 NOMENCLATURE OF HEAT EXCHANGER COMPONENTS
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SECTION 1Heat Exchanger Nomenclature
fiGURE N.2 (CONTINUED)
STANDARDS OF TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION • 5
.IOU.. N.2 (CONTINUID)
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STANDARDS OF TUBULAR EXCHANGER MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION6 •
SECTION 1
Heat Exchanger Nomenclature