November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network Monitoringwith CEMesh® PLC Communications

Presented by:Harold Marsden

Power Systems Integrity, Inc.

Fall 2007 PES-ICC Meeting

PS

IPS

I

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Value of a Secondary NetworkMonitoring System

•PSI’s Secondary Network Monitoring System willenable Utilities to see and measure electricalproblems in their network before they happen andthen will direct service crews to the exact locationfor a safe and effective repair.

•This will translate into significant capital investmentsavings for electric power delivery companies.Payback periods for our products are less than twoyears.

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Typical Secondary Network Monitoring System

Utilities Can Monitor Virtually Any Measured Parameter in theManhole or Transformer Vault

Monitor theCurrent, Voltage,& Phase Angleon all 3 Phases

of NetworkTransformers

Bi-Directional PLCCommunicationsover the LV Grid

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network MonitoringWAN Communications

An integrated communication system to back-haul virtually any measured valueusing PSI’s CEMesh® Network Power Line Carrier (PLC) Communications

VirtuallyAny Measured

ValueI, V, PF

CH4, Temp

PSI Mesh Network PLCOver LV Grid

GatewayCollector

CDMAWirelessModem

INTERNET

Web Server

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

MNS

600 VoltSecondary Network A

23

N

1 12

3N

PSIGateway

INTERNET

WAN VIA•CDMA•FOL•PCS•Cable Modem•Telephone Modem

CDMA1x RTTNetwork

CorporateLAN

CEMesh® PLC to CDMA CommunicationsOver The LV Power System

CEMesh®

PLC over any pairof conductors

MeshedNetworkSensor

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Smart System Build-out

1. Site and install the GW2. Install 1 or more Modular and Scalable

PSI Meshed Network nodes3. Use the Phase Identification System to

guarantee proper phase installation4. CEMesh® System Monitors Network

Performance so you don’t have to!• Each Utility can select the measured parameters,

warning thresholds, and what is reported.

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMesh® Data Flow1St Hop Toward GW

GatewayTypically located in vaultsMeter

Meshed Network SensorLocated in manholes or vaults

Network Relay

GW

3

4

8

WAN Control Center

Remote monitor

1

2

9

7

6

5

LV Secondary Network

CEMesh® PLC Paths•7,8•9,6•3,2•5,4

CEMesh®

Bi-Directional

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMesh® Data Flow2nd Hop Toward GW

GatewayTypically located in vaultsMeter

Meshed Network ILCLocated in manholes or vaults

Network Relay

GW

3

4

8

WAN Control Center

Remote monitor

1

2

9

7

6

5

LV Secondary Network

CEMesh® PLC Paths•7,8,GW•9,6,8•3,2,GW•5,4,1

CEMesh®

Bi-Directional

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMesh® Data Flow3rd Hop Toward GW

GatewayTypically located in vaultsMeter

Meshed Network ILCLocated in manholes or vaults

Network Relay

GW

3

4

8

WAN Control Center

Remote monitor

1

2

9

7

6

5

LV Secondary Network

CEMesh® PLC Paths•7,8,GW Complete•9,6,8,GW•3,2,GW Complete•5,4,1,GW

PLC Chip

Bi-Directional

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMESH® Data FlowActive Communications

GatewayTypically located in vaultsMeter

Meshed Network ILCLocated in manholes or vaults

Network Relay

GW

3

4

8

WAN Control Center

Remote monitor

1

2

9

7

6

5

LV Secondary Network

CEMesh® PLC Paths•7,8,GW•9,6,8•3,2,GW•5,4,1

CEMesh®

Bi-Directional

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Equipment Installation

•CEMesh® Spliced LV Connections were easilyinstalled by the Service Crews at Con Ed andCHU

•Gateway, and CDMA Antenna were easilyinstalled by Service crews at Con Ed and CHU

•CDMA antenna easily communicates throughgrated vault covers

•Cable Phase Identification was simple with thePSI Phase ID System

•CEMESH® PLC communications enable 98Percent or higher communication reliability

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network Monitoring“List View”

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network Monitoring“Map View”

Transformers Overloadingcan be added to theMap View

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Map Icons areprioritized in order ofimportance.

A higher rank eventwill supersede lowerrank conditions.

Reverse power flowsupersede all otherconditions for mapdisplay.

Map Visualization Key

Reverse power flow10 or highest

Current imbalance, ≥40 %9

Very High current, ≥150% load8

High current, ≥100% load7

Low PF, ≤0.76

Voltage High, ≥126 V5

Voltage Low, ≤114 V4

System Nominal3

No Communications, ≥1Hr2

No Data1 or lowest

SymbolIndicationRank

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network Monitoring“Graph List View”

By combining the Load History and Communication Path History,CHU can triangulate on cable trouble locations.

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network Monitoring“History View”

Daily Loadprofilesare capturedandcan be used forvariouspurposes: LikeDay AheadLoadForecasting

Religious Holiday = No Peak

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

A small voltage imbalance between the PO and (PK,PU) Primary Feeders causedsignificant circulating currents on the LV side. PSI’s PF Monitoring discovered thefield deviation and captured the CHU corrective action.

Power Companies Can See LV Network Changes”Important LV Network Diagnostics Can Be Used”

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMesh™ Field Experience

PSI has installed CEMesh® on other SecondaryNetworks

•Consolidated Edison 2005/2006 in Queens, NY over 5 cityblocks•Central Hudson Gas & Electric 2006/2007 throughout the LVNetwork in Poughkeepsie, NY

PSI is currently monitoring the Secondary Network on most theNetwork Transformers in Poughkeepsie, NY. The installed system willmeasure and report the 3 phase currents; voltages and 4 quadrantphase angles at all network transformers over the CEMesh™ PLCCommunications System.

PSI will provide CHU with a single GUI/Server to simultaneouslymonitor the Secondary Network system in all 3 cities.

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

What Can Be Reported

• Individual cables currents•Voltages at specific points•Cable limiter status•AOB “alive on back feed”

•Network protectorrelay controls

•Network protectorrelay status

From the Powerline sensors From Compatible Relay Controls

From the meters and sensorsCustomer power consumption

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Secondary Network Monitoring System

•Low cost and easy to install•Intelligence is at the Smart Sensor Nodes•Data processing and analysis of line

conditions at the Smart Nodes•Communications are incorporated in the

Network Sensor Nodes•Smart Nodes are direct line powered

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMesh® PLC NetworksA fully meshed communication architecture has been developed for use withSpread Spectrum Power Line Carrier (PLC). The resulting Local Area Network(LAN) system was specifically designed for use in electric power delivery grids. Inthis system architecture the individual nodes can participate as routers for othernodes in the network.

•Conventional PLC systems are concerned with circuit obstacles and must installadditional gateways in central locations to overcome these obstacles. Typically, thesesystems are not well suited for utility automation applications.

•In a mesh network, the system architecture is designed with the expectation thatobstacles will be encountered. Each end device, sensor or meter in the network can actas a repeater. This eliminates the need for numerous gateways, and provides increasedflexibility in gateway sighting.

•In other words the gateway itself does not have to directly reach all end points.

•CEMesh® PLC is less expensive to implement and operate than conventional PLCnetworks involving radial branches and centralized gateways.

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

CEMesh® PLC AdvantagesHistorically, PLC communications for sensing and control in utilityapplications, although desirable, was impractical because ofcommunication range and reliability limitations of the radial networkarchitectures.

•CEMesh® PLC networks use flexible, multi-hop networking tooptimize communications for maximum efficiency and reliability.

•Each network node is in direct communication with its immediateneighbors, and if a single node fails or a branch of the power grid failsmessage packages are automatically re-routed through another path.

•CEMesh® PLC networks combine the benefits of radial and meshPLC topologies to provide the optimal communication efficiency,flexibility and reliability required for utility applications in sensing andcontrol.

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Conclusions

•The Secondary Network Monitoring System hasdemonstrated excellent communicationsreliability.

•CDMA communications from below grade intransformer vaults is easy to install and providesexcellent communications reliability.

•CEMesh® PLC communications has proveditself as a viable communications backbone forgeneralized measurements in SecondaryNetworks.

•Ready for Field Deployment throughout theyour Service Territory

November 2007Power Systems Integrity, Inc Proprietary

Thank you for the opportunityto present a SecondaryNetwork Monitoring System atthe Fall 2007 ICC.