SECTION 4SECTION 4

THE ATLANTIC THE ATLANTIC WORLD IS BORNWORLD IS BORN

What motivated Columbus to sail for What motivated Columbus to sail for the “Indies”?the “Indies”?

How did European disease travel How did European disease travel through the Americas?through the Americas?

FACTSFACTS

COLUMBUS KNEW THE EARTH COLUMBUS KNEW THE EARTH WAS ROUNDWAS ROUND

NATIVES WERE LIVING ON NATIVES WERE LIVING ON THE AMERICAS & OTHER THE AMERICAS & OTHER EUROPEANS WERE ALREADY EUROPEANS WERE ALREADY THERETHERE

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUSCHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

BORN IN 1451 IN GENOA, BORN IN 1451 IN GENOA, ITALYITALY

BELIEVED THAT GOD HAD BELIEVED THAT GOD HAD GIVEN HIM A HEROIC GIVEN HIM A HEROIC MISSIONMISSION

A DARING EXPEDITIONA DARING EXPEDITION PETITIONED VARIOUS EUROPEAN PETITIONED VARIOUS EUROPEAN

MONARCHS TO SPONSOR HIS MONARCHS TO SPONSOR HIS VOYAGE TO THE INDIES VOYAGE TO THE INDIES

TITLED “HIGH ADMIRAL OF THE TITLED “HIGH ADMIRAL OF THE OCEAN SEA” BY FERDINAND & OCEAN SEA” BY FERDINAND & ISABELLA OF SPAINISABELLA OF SPAIN THEY AUTHORIZED COLUMBUS TO THEY AUTHORIZED COLUMBUS TO

MAKE CONTACT WITH PEOPLE OF MAKE CONTACT WITH PEOPLE OF THE LANDS OF INDIA.THE LANDS OF INDIA.

GOVERNOR OF THE GOVERNOR OF THE ISLANDS & CONTINENTS ISLANDS & CONTINENTS THAT HE DISCOVEREDTHAT HE DISCOVERED

REASONS FOR THE VOYAGEREASONS FOR THE VOYAGE

HOPED TO ENRICH HIS FAMILY & TO GAIN HOPED TO ENRICH HIS FAMILY & TO GAIN HONOR, FORTUNE, & FAMEHONOR, FORTUNE, & FAME CATHOLICISM CATHOLICISM

ROYAL PARTONS SHARED THE DESIRE TO ROYAL PARTONS SHARED THE DESIRE TO CONVERT PEOPLECONVERT PEOPLE WANTED TO BYPASS THE MUSLIMS & WANTED TO BYPASS THE MUSLIMS &

FIND A WAY TO TRADE DIRECTLY WITH FIND A WAY TO TRADE DIRECTLY WITH THE INDIESTHE INDIES

SPAIN’S RIVALRY WITH SPAIN’S RIVALRY WITH PORTUGALPORTUGAL

DESTINATION ASIADESTINATION ASIA

FRIDAY AUGUST 3, 1492 THREE FRIDAY AUGUST 3, 1492 THREE SHIPS SET OUTSHIPS SET OUT

NOT ENOUGH FOOD- NOT ENOUGH FOOD- UNDERESTIMATED THE SIZE OF UNDERESTIMATED THE SIZE OF THE OCEANTHE OCEAN

OCTOBER 12- THE PINTA OCTOBER 12- THE PINTA SPOTTED LAND (NOT CHINA)SPOTTED LAND (NOT CHINA)SAN SALVADOR (THE BAHAMAS)SAN SALVADOR (THE BAHAMAS)

A HISTORIC MEETINGA HISTORIC MEETING WELCOMED BY THE WELCOMED BY THE

TAINOSTAINOS OFFERED THEM OFFERED THEM

PARROTS, COTTON, PARROTS, COTTON, THREAD, & JAVELINSTHREAD, & JAVELINS

““FORCED” GIFTS FOR FORCED” GIFTS FOR THE QUEENTHE QUEEN SOME NATIVE SOME NATIVE

AMERICANS AMERICANS (NAMED INDIANS)(NAMED INDIANS)

HEADING HOMEHEADING HOME

JANUARY 16, 1493JANUARY 16, 1493SANTA MARIA HAD RUN SANTA MARIA HAD RUN AGROUNDAGROUND

BECAME GOVERNOR OF BECAME GOVERNOR OF HISPANOLA IN THE HISPANOLA IN THE CARRIBBEANCARRIBBEAN

CAME BACK 6 MONTHS LATERCAME BACK 6 MONTHS LATER

LATER VOYAGESLATER VOYAGES

4 TRIPS 4 TRIPS TO THE TO THE AMERICAAMERICASS

NATIVES COMPLAINED THE NATIVES COMPLAINED THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT WAS SPANISH GOVERNMENT WAS HARSH & UNFAIRHARSH & UNFAIRCOLUMBUS LOST HIS COLUMBUS LOST HIS GOVERNORSHIP & PRESTIGEGOVERNORSHIP & PRESTIGE

STILL THOUGHT HE REACHED STILL THOUGHT HE REACHED THE INDIESTHE INDIES

DIED A DISAPPOINTED MAN IN DIED A DISAPPOINTED MAN IN 15061506

A NEW CONTINENTA NEW CONTINENT

1499- AMERIGO VESPUCCI 1499- AMERIGO VESPUCCI MADE 2 VOYAGES TO THE MADE 2 VOYAGES TO THE CARRIBBEANCARRIBBEANSUGGESTED THAT THIS WAS SUGGESTED THAT THIS WAS NEW LAND “THE NEW WORLD”NEW LAND “THE NEW WORLD”

WALDSEEMULLERWALDSEEMULLER1507- FIRST MAP TO SHOW THE 1507- FIRST MAP TO SHOW THE NEW WORLD, NAMES AMERICANEW WORLD, NAMES AMERICA

COLUMBUS’S IMPACTCOLUMBUS’S IMPACT

THE THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGECOLUMBIAN EXCHANGE TRANSATLANTIC TRADETRANSATLANTIC TRADE

EUROPEAN SHIPS BROUGHT BACK EUROPEAN SHIPS BROUGHT BACK BROUGHT PEANUTS, PINEAPPLES, BROUGHT PEANUTS, PINEAPPLES, TOMATOES, COCOA, & POTATOES TOMATOES, COCOA, & POTATOES FROM AMERICASFROM AMERICAS

EUROPEANS BROUGHT AMERICANS EUROPEANS BROUGHT AMERICANS WHEAT, DOMETICATED ANIMALS, WHEAT, DOMETICATED ANIMALS, FIRE ARMS, WHEEL AND AXLEFIRE ARMS, WHEEL AND AXLE

NATIVE AMERICANS NATIVE AMERICANS DEVASTATEDDEVASTATED

DISEASE- SMALL POX, DISEASE- SMALL POX, TYPHUS, MEASLESTYPHUS, MEASLES

EUROPEANS GAIN WEALTHEUROPEANS GAIN WEALTH

PORTUGAL COMPLAINED TO THE PORTUGAL COMPLAINED TO THE POPEPOPE1494 POPE ALEXANDER URGED 1494 POPE ALEXANDER URGED SPAIN & PORTUGAL TO SIGN SPAIN & PORTUGAL TO SIGN THE THE TREATY OF TORDESILLASTREATY OF TORDESILLASDIVIDED ALL THE LAND NOT DIVIDED ALL THE LAND NOT ALREADY CLAIMED BY OTHER ALREADY CLAIMED BY OTHER CHRISTIANSCHRISTIANS

LINE OF DEMARCATION (IMAGINARY LINE OF DEMARCATION (IMAGINARY LINE AROUND THE WORLD)LINE AROUND THE WORLD) SPAIN RULED WEST INCLUDING SPAIN RULED WEST INCLUDING

THE AMERICASTHE AMERICAS PORTUGAL RULED EAST INCLUDING PORTUGAL RULED EAST INCLUDING

BRAZIL, & SEA ROUTE AROUND BRAZIL, & SEA ROUTE AROUND AFRICAAFRICA

BY 1500’S FRANCE, ENGLAND, & THE BY 1500’S FRANCE, ENGLAND, & THE NETHERLANDS BEGAN TO MOVE NETHERLANDS BEGAN TO MOVE INTO NORTH AMERICAINTO NORTH AMERICA

AFRICANS ENSLAVEDAFRICANS ENSLAVED

PORTUGAL & SPAIN ESTABLISHED PORTUGAL & SPAIN ESTABLISHED PLANTATIONSPLANTATIONSPRODUCING PRODUCING CASH CROPS (CROPS CASH CROPS (CROPS NOT FOR OWN USE BUT FOR NOT FOR OWN USE BUT FOR SALE)SALE)SUGAR & PINEAPPLE REQUIRED SUGAR & PINEAPPLE REQUIRED HUGE NUMBER OF WORKERS HUGE NUMBER OF WORKERS WHO LABORED LONG HOURS WHO LABORED LONG HOURS IN HOT CLIMATESIN HOT CLIMATES

SOLDIERS KIDNAPPED NATIVE SOLDIERS KIDNAPPED NATIVE AMERICANS & FORCED THEM TO WORKAMERICANS & FORCED THEM TO WORK NOT A RELIABLE WORKFORCENOT A RELIABLE WORKFORCE TURNED TO WEST AFRICATURNED TO WEST AFRICA

1500 WEST AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE1500 WEST AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE 1517- FIRST AFRICANS ARRIVE1517- FIRST AFRICANS ARRIVE

SLAVES WERE REGARDED AS SLAVES WERE REGARDED AS PROPERTYPROPERTY