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Origins of Christianity Roots in Judaism Was led by Jesus of Nazareth
proclaimed the Messiah Conflicted with polytheistic beliefs
Beliefs, traditions, and customs of Christianity Monotheism Jesus as both Son and incarnation of God Life after death New Testament Christian doctrines
Paul Hebrew who opposed to Christianity Had vision and heard voice on road to
Damascus Began to spread Christianity throughout
empire
Jewish Rebellion 66 AD-Jews rebelled 70 AD-Rome destroyed Jewish Temple
Western Wall left standing (Wailing Wall) Diaspora-Jews were spread throughout Empire
creating scattered Jewish communities
Persecution of Christians Christians refused to worship Roman Gods Persecuted by Nero Peter and Paul put to death in Rome
Decline of Pax Romana Christians imprisoned and executed Martyrs-sacrificed own life for their beliefs Missionaries-People who spread religious
teachings
World Religion By 3rd century AD, there were millions of
Christians in the Roman Empire Appeal of Christianity
Embraced all people Gave hope to powerless Life after death
Constantine Roman Emperor Battle at Milvian Bridge-312
AD Saw Cross of Light Gave credit for victory to
Christian God
Ended Persecution 313 AD-plan to end persecution of Christians Edict of Milan
one of the religions approved by the emperor Theodosius (380 AD)
Made Christianity official religion of Roman Empire
Christian Church Structure Priest-heads local level Bishop-several local churches Pope-Head of the church and Roman Bishop Rome Center of Church
Nicene Creed 325 AD Constantine moved to solidify teachings of
Christianity Defined basic beliefs of Christianity
Fathers of the Church Early writers and scholars who defined church
teachings Augustine
Teachings/Writings Needed grace of God to be saved Had to belong to church and receive sacraments
The City of God
Spread of Christianity Popularity of the message Early martyrs Carried by the Apostles, including Paul,
throughout the Roman Empire
Impact of Church The Emperor Constantine converted to
Christianity and it became the official state religion
source of moral authority. Loyalty to the Church more important than
loyalty to the Emperor. main unifying force of Western Europe.