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7/29/2019 Section Four - 4.5 JEMRA-Rev_final_DTP
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FAO/WHO CODEX TRAINING PACKAGE
SECTION FOURSCIENTIFIC BASIS
FOR CODEX WORK
Module 4.5
JEMRA
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20042
What is JEMRA?JEMRA Joint FAO/WHO Expert Meetings on
Microbiological Risk Assessment
Established in 2000 in response to a request from Codex
for an FAO/WHO expert body to provide scientific advice
on microbiological hazards in foods
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20043
Purpose of JEMRA
To provide sound scientific advice on microbiological issues
to FAO, WHO, Codex, and FAO and WHO member countries
To address specific microbiological risk management questions
from the Codex committees
To develop adaptable risk assessments and data resourcesfor countries to use in conducting their own risk assessments
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20044
JEMRA activities
Generation of scientific information risk assessments
Elaboration of guideline documents
Data collection and generation
Use of risk assessment within a risk management framework
Information and technology transfer
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20045
JEMRA risk assessments
Focus on specific pathogen-commodity combinations
Examples of pathogen-commodity combinations considered to
March 2005 include:
Salmonella spp. in broilers Salmonella enteritidis in eggs
Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods
Campylobacterspp. in broiler chickens Vibrio spp. seafood
Enterobacter sakazakiiin powdered infant formula
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20046
Further aim of JEMRA
To provide guidance on how risk assessment can be used
effectivelybyrisk managers as a decision support tool
Risk analysis is an integral part of the Codex standard-setting
process, including microbiological risk assessment.
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20047
Membership of JEMRA
As a multidisciplinary approach is required, implementing the
programme of work of JEMRA requires the input of experts in
a number of fields.
"call for experts" is issued, aimed at identifying specialists in
microbiology, epidemiology, mathematical modelling, public
health, food technology, veterinary medicine, risk assessment
and other relevant areas.
Experts are appointed in their personal capacity and not as
representatives of their country or of the institution by which they
may be employed.
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20048
How does JEMRA work?
Usually two expert meetings are held per year
Working groups are established to carry out work
between meetings
Progress reports are made available while the risk assessment
is ongoing
Final reports are peer-reviewed before publication
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June20049
The need for an international
approach to MRA
The microbiological risk assessment process (MRA) is a means
of providing an estimate of the probability and severity of illnessattributable to a particular pathogen-commodity combination.
The carrying out of an MRA, particularly a quantitative MRA,
is recognized as a resource-intensive task requiring a
multidisciplinary approach.
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June200410
The need for an international
approach to MRA (cont.)
Often, it is not within the capacity of many, perhaps even most,
countries to carry out a complete quantitative MRA.
Food-borne illness is among the most widespread public health
problems and creates social and economic burdens that countries
need to address.
This need has led FAO and WHO to undertake a programme of
activities to address the issue of MRA at the international level.
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June200411
Strengths of the international
approach to MRA
Enables identification of areas that are similar or common to a
particular region or even to all countries
Addresses issues of international concern or issues of concern toa large group of countries
Enables the identification of available data on a global scale and
the areas where knowledge and data are lacking
Provides the highest standards of information as this work is undertaken
with the assistance of internationally recognized experts in the field
Undertaking this work at the international level results in the provision ofvaluable information on particular pathogen-commodity combinations for
use by risk managers at both the national and international levels and thus
facilitates optimal use of limited resources
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FAO/WHO Codex Training Package
Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June200412
Limitations of
international approach to MRA
Risk assessment at the international level is substantially different
from risk assessment at the national level. It cannot consider thesituation in all countries and therefore tends to be more generic in
nature.
A globally applicable risk estimate, i.e. one risk estimate that is
valid for all countries, cannot be produced.
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Module 4.5 Codex Training Package June200413
Web sites:
Each risk assessment interpretive summary and technical report
Information on JEMRA is available at both the FAO and WHOWeb sites:
http://www.fao.org/es/ESN/food/risk_mra_en.stm
http://www.who.int/foodsafety/micro/jemra/en/