Sedimentary Rock 12/4/13

4-3 pgs. 91-94IN: Describe how igneous rock is classified.

Put your DRW on the box

IGNEOUS ROCK - TEXTURE AND COMPOSITION

Texture – where the magma coolsIntrusive – coarse grained

Extrusive – fine grained

IGNEOUS ROCK - TEXTURE AND COMPOSITION

Composition – colorFelsic – light colored

less denseMafic – dark colored

more dense

HOW DOES SEDIMENTARY ROCK FORM?

1. Weathering and erosion creates sediment

followed by,

2. compaction and cementation forms sedimentary rock.

WEATHERINGWind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity all cause rock to weather into fragments.

These small fragments are called sediment.

EROSIONSediments are transported from one place to another.rivers

COMPACTIONThe layers eventually become compacted.

CEMENTATIONDissolved minerals separate out of the water to form a natural glue that binds the sediments together.

Strata - the layers of sedimentary rock that form from the deposition of sediment.

SEDIMENTARY ROCKForm at or near the Earth’s surface.

Their physical features tell part of Earth’s history.

STRATASometimes records the motion of wind and water waves.

COMPOSITION

1. Clastic2. Chemical3. Organic

CLASTIC SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Forms when rock or mineral fragments, called clasts, stick together.sandstone

Names of clastic sedimentary rock are based on grain size.

CHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Forms when minerals crystallize out of a solution, such as sea water, to become rock.limestone

ORGANIC SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Forms from the remains of organisms.fossiliferous limestone

TEXTUREStratification - the layering of rock.

Strata differ from one another depending on the kind, size, and color of their sediment.

CONGLOMERATE

Sedimentary rock that resembles concrete.ClasticCoarse-grained

SANDSTONE

Sedimentary rock formed from sand.ClasticCoarse-grained

SHALE

Sedimentary rock also known as mudstone.ClasticFine-grained

FOSSILIFEROUS LIMESTONE

Sedimentary rock made from shells and coral.Organic

COAL

Sedimentary rock made from fossilized carbonOrganic

OUT: Describe the process by which clastic sedimentary rock forms.