SEG4530 VBScript Tutorial

8/8/2019 SEG4530 VBScript Tutorial

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VBScript Tutorial

What Is VBScript?Microsoft Visual Basic Scripting Edition, the newest member of the Visual Basicfamily of programming languages, brings active scripting to a wide variety of

environments, including Web client scripting in Microsoft Internet Explorer and Webserver scripting in Microsoft Internet Information Server.

Since VBScript is interpreted, there must be another program that provides the

interpretation service for it. With VBScript, this program is called the 'host'. So,technically, VBScript is three different languages because what it can do depends

entirely on what the host supports. (Microsoft makes sure that they are virtually

identical, however.) WSH is the host for VBScript that works directly in Windows.

VBScript "Hosts"if you're just learning about VBScript, it can be kind of confusing to figure out where

it "fits in" in the Microsoft world. For one thing, Microsoft currently offers threedifferent 'host' for VBScript.

Microsoft provides three 'host' environments for VBScript:

IE (Internet Explorer) - Microsoft's web browser software

IIS (Internet Information Server) - Microsoft's web server software

WSH (Windows Script Host) - A 'host' environment in the Windows

operating system

Another point of confusion is that there are three versions of WSH and twoimplementations. Windows 98 and Windows NT 4 implemented version 1.0. Version

2.0 was released with Windows 2000 and the current version is numbered 5.6.The two implementations are one that works from a DOS command line (called"CScript" for Command Script) and one that works in Windows (called "WScript").

You can use CScript only in a DOS command window, but it's interesting to note thatmuch of the real world computer systems administration still works that way. It

might also be confusing to discover that the WScript object is essential to a lot ofcode that is normally run in CScript. The example shown later uses the WScript

object, but you can run it with CScript. Just accept it as maybe being slightly odd,but that's the way it works.

If WSH is installed, you can run a VBScript program by simply double-clicking on any

file that has the vbs extension and that file will be executed by WSH. Or, for evenmore convenience, you can schedule when a script will run with Windows Task

Scheduler. In partnership with Task Scheduler, Windows can run WSH and a scriptautomatically. For example, when Windows starts, or every day at a particular time.


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Introducing WSH

The WSH Environment

Features of WSH

Types of Script Files

WSH is not a single file it is a set of components that you can use to run scripts.

These components are present whether you use the Windows Script Hostenvironment or other script environments, such as Microsoft Windows 2000 Internet

Information Services (IIS). Script files can be run in the WSH environment, whetherthe script is written in Visual Basic Scripting Edition or Microsoft JScript. WSH is

supported on all of the Windows 32-bit operating systems, such as MicrosoftWindows 95, Microsoft Windows 98, Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition (Me),

Microsoft Windows NT version 4.0, and Windows 2000. WSH version 1.0 shippedwith Windows 98 (Version 1.0). You can download version 2.0 of WSH, and you can

install it on any of these operating systems.

WSH has several components. These components work together to provide the

operating system with the ability to run and interoperate with scripts.

Script EnginesThe WSH environment natively supports two scripting languages: Visual Basic

Scripting Edition and JScript. After the scripting host determines the language usedin your scripts, it loads the appropriate script engine and passes your script to it for

execution. WSH includes two different script engines, one for VBScript and one for

JScript, to run scripts that you write in these languages.

Features of WSH

Small Memory Footprint Language-Independent

can extend it to other script engines

Script Reuse

Command-Line Reference

WSH is ideal for non-interactive scripting needs, such as batch, logon, and

administrative scripting. In addition to non-interactive processing, WSH scripts can

involve some degree of user interaction, such as confirming prompts and enteringvariable information.

Small Memory FootprintThe low system overhead of running scripts with WSH makes it ideal for your

administrative scripts.Language-IndependentAlthough WSH natively supports the Visual Basic Scripting Edition and Jscriptlanguages, you can extend the environment so that it can run scripts written in other

languages, such as PerlScript.

Script ReuseBy using WSH, you can save your scripts as operating system files. The content of

your script files is plain text. Therefore, you can write and save your script files by


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using a simple text editor such as Notepad. After you save the script files, you canrun your scripts many times; you do not need to rewrite code every time you want

to run a certain set of actions. This is a useful feature if you have scripts that mustbe run on a regular basis.

Command-Line ReferencePrior to WSH, the only native script language that the Windows operating systemsupported was the command language supported though Cmd.exe.

Administrators often construct batch files (.bat) that contain multiple commands.

These commands are still supported and are an important part of the administratorstoolset.

An example for how to write a html page using vbscriptExercise 1

Working With VBScript

MsgBox "Welcome to my Web page!"

Exercise 2

Test Button Events

MsgBox "Button Pressed!"

Exercise 3

Working With VBScript: Exercise 1


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Your First VBScript Exercise

By utilizing VBScript you can give your web pages actions.

Click on the button below to see what we mean.

An example for how to write a VBS FileStep 1:-create a file with .vbs extensionMsgBox "Welcome to my Web page!"

VBScript Variables

Data and Logic Literals

Constants

Variables

Explicit and Implicit Declaration

Operators

Logical Comparison

What is a Literal? Any Static (unchanged) Value thats typed directly into a script.

String values go in double-quotes.

Hexadecimal values start with &H.

What is a Variable?A variable is a "container" for information you want to store. A variable's value canchange during the script.

You can refer to a variable by name to see its value or to change its value. InVBScript, all variables are of type variant, which can store different types of data.Rules for Variable Names:

Must begin with a letter

Cannot contain a period (.)

Cannot exceed 255 characters

Declaring VariablesYou can declare variables with the Dim, Public or the Private statement. Like this:

Dim name

Name = some value


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Sub cmdVariables_OnClick

Dim Name

Name = InputBox("Enter your name: ")

MsgBox "The name you entered was " & Name

End Sub

Now you have created a variable. The name of the variable is "name". You can also

declare variables by using its name in your script. Like this:

Name = some value

Now you have also created a variable. The name of the variable is "name".However, the last method is not a good practice, because you can misspell the

variable name later in your script, and that can cause strange results when your

script is running. This is because when you misspell for example the "name" variableto "nime" the script will automatically create a new variable called "nime". To

prevent your script from doing this you can use the Option Explicit statement. When

you use this statement you will have to declare all your variables with the dim, publicor private statement. Put the Option Explicit statement on the top of your script. Like

this:

Option explicit

Dim name

Name = some value

Assigning Values to Variables

You assign a value to a variable like this:Name=Hege

i=200

The variable name is on the left side of the expression and the value you want toassign to the variable is on the right. Now the variable "name" has the value "Hege".

Example using HTML


Your First VBScript Exercise


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By utilizing VBScript you can give your web pages actions.

Click on the button below to see what we mean.

Example using Application(.VBS)

Dim Name

Name = InputBox("Enter your name: ")

MsgBox "The name you entered was " & Name

Example to calculate unit price using HTML



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Your Second VBScript Exercise

Variables can be used to store and manipulate values. To see a demonstration

of this enter a quantity and unit price in the fields below and click the

"Calculate Cost" button.

Quantity:

Unit price:

Example to calculate unit price using Application(.VBS)

Dim AmountofTax

Dim CRLF

Dim Message

Dim Subtotal

Dim TABSPACE

Dim TAX_RATEDim txtQuantity

Dim txtUnitPrice

Dim TotalCost

Sub cmdCalculate

' Define our constant values.

TAX_RATE = 0.06

CRLF = Chr(13) & Chr(10)

TABSPACE = Chr(9)

' Perform order calculations.Subtotal = txtQuantity * txtUnitPrice

AmountofTax = Subtotal * TAX_RATE

TotalCost = Subtotal + AmountofTax

' Display the results.

Message = "The total for your order is:"

Message = Message & CRLF & CRLF

Message = Message & "Subtotal:" & TABSPACE & "Rs " & Subtotal & CRLF

Message = Message & "Tax:" & TABSPACE & "Rs " & AmountofTax & CRLF


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Message = Message & "Total:" & TABSPACE & "Rs " & TotalCost

MsgBox Message,,"Your Total"

End Sub

txtQuantity= InputBox("Enter quantity: ")

txtUnitPrice= InputBox("Enter quantity: ")

cmdCalculate

Lifetime of VariablesHow long a variable exists is its lifetime.When you declare a variable within a procedure, the variable can only be accessed

within that procedure. When the procedure exits, the variable is destroyed. Thesevariables are called local variables. You can have local variables with the same name

in different procedures, because each is recognized only by the procedure in which itis declared.If you declare a variable outside a procedure, all the procedures on your

page can access it.

The lifetime of these variables starts when they are declared, and ends when the

page is closed.

Array VariablesSometimes you want to assign more than one value to a single variable. Then you

can create a variable that can contain a series of values. This is called an arrayvariable. The declaration of an array variable uses parentheses ( ) following the

variable name. In the following example, an array containing 3 elements is declared:Dim names(2)

The number shown in the parentheses is 2. We start at zero so this array contains 3

elements. This is a fixed-size array. You assign data to each of the elements of thearray like this:

names(0)=Tove

names(1)=Jani

names(2)=Stale

Similarly, the data can be retrieved from any element using the index of theparticular array element you want. Like this:

Mother=names(0)

You can have up to 60 dimensions in an array. Multiple dimensions are declared by

separating the numbers in the parentheses with commas. Here we have a two-

dimensional array consisting of 5 rows and 7 columns:Dim table(4,6)

Example of how to use arrays using HTML

Working With VBScript


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Dim famname(5)

famname(0) = "Jan Egil"

famname(1) = "Tove"

famname(2) = "Hege"

famname(3) = "Stave"

famname(4) = "Kai Jim"

famname(5) = 99+2

for i = 0 to 5

document.write(famname(i) & "
")

next

document.write( "

")

dim v(1,1)

v(0,0) = "Daniel"

v(0,1) = "Ben"

v(1,0) = "Roger"

v(1,1) = 25

document.write(v(0,0) & "
")

")

")

document.write(v(1,1) +1 & "
")

Creating Dynamic Arrays

*************************************************************

**********Script Name: cre_dyn_arrays.vbs

Author: BitCreated: 01/17/2003

Description: A demonstration of how to resize an array

*************************************************************

**********Initialization Section

Option Explicit

Dim strMessage, astrCustomerList, i

strMessage = Dynamic Array Demonstration & vbCrLf & vbCrLf

Main Processing Section

DimTheArray()

ReDimTheArray()

DisplayResults()Procedure Section

Function DimTheArray()

ReDim astrCustomerList(2)

astrCustomerList(0) = XYZ Corp.

astrCustomerList(1) = ABC Co.

astrCustomerList(2) = Acme Inc.

End Function

Function ReDimTheArray()


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some statement

end sub

A Function procedure: is a series of statements, enclosed by the Function and End Function

statements

can perform actions and can return a value

can take arguments that are passed to it by a calling procedure

without arguments, must include an empty set of parentheses ()

returns a value by assigning a value to its name

Function myfunction()

Some statements

Myfunction=some value

End function

Or

Function myfunction(argument1,argument2)

Some statements

Myfunction=some value

End function

Call a Sub or Function ProcedureWhen you call a Function in your code, you do like this:name=findname()

Here you call a Function called "findname", the Function returns a value that will be

stored in the variable "name".Or, you can do like this: Here you also call a Function called "findname", the

Function returns a value that will be displayed in the message box.Msgbox your name is & findname()

When you call a Sub procedure you can use the Call statement, like this:Call myproc(argument)

Or, you can omit the Call statement, like this:Myproc argument


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VBScript Conditional Statements

Conditional StatementsVery often when you write code, you want to perform different actions for differentdecisions. You can use conditional statements in your code to do this.

In VBScript we have three conditional statements: if...then...else statement - use this statement if you want to selectone of two sets of lines to execute

if...then...elseif statement - use this statement if you want to selectone of many sets of lines to execute

select case statement - use this statement if you want to select one of

many sets of lines to execute

If....Then.....ElseYou should use the If...Then...Else statement if you want to

execute some code if a condition is true

select one of two blocks of code to execute If you want to execute

only one statement when a condition is true, you can write the codeon one line:If 1=10 Then msgbox Hello

There is no ..else.. in this syntax. You just tell the code to perform one action if the

condition is true (in this case if i=10).If you want to execute more than one statement when a condition is true, you must

put each statement on separate lines and end the statement with the keyword "EndIf":If 1=10 Then

msgbox Hello

i=i+1

end if

There is no ..else.. in this syntax either. You just tell the code to perform multiple

actions if the condition is true.If you want to execute a statement if a condition is true and execute another

statement if the condition is not true, you must add the "Else" keyword:If 1=10 Then

msgbox Hello

else

msgbox Good bye

end if

The first block of code will be executed if the condition is true, and the other blockwill be executed otherwise (if i is not equal to 10).

A Web page that uses the IfThen control structure.

Bharathi Info Tech-VBScript - If-Then Sample


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If....Then.....ElseifYou can use the if...then...elseif statement if you want to select one of many blocks

of code to execute:If payment=cash Then

Msgbox You are going to pay cash

else If payment=visa Then

Msgbox You are going to pay with visa

else If payment=Amex Then

Msgbox You are going to pay with American express

else

Msgbox Unknown method of payment

end if


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Select CaseYou can also use the SELECT statement if you want to select one of many blocks ofcode to execute:Select case payment

case cash

msgbox You are going to pay by Cashcase visa

msgbox You are going to pay with Visa

case Amex

msgbox You are going to pay with American Express

case else

msgbox Unknown method of payment

end select

This is how it works: First we have a single expression (most often a variable), thatis evaluated once. The value of the expression is then compared with the values for

each Case in the structure. If there is a match, the block of code associated with thatCase is executed.

A Web page that uses the Select control structure.

Select Case Sample


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VBScript Looping Statements

Looping StatementsVery often when you write code, you want to allow the same block of code to run a

number of times. You can use looping statements in your code to do this.

In VBScript we have four looping statements: For...Next statement - runs statements a specified number of times.

For Each...Next statement - runs statements for each item in acollection or each element of an array

Do...Loop statement - loops while or until a condition is true

While...Wend statement - Do not use it -use the Do...Loop statement

instead

For...NextYou can use a For... Next statement to run a block of code, when you know how

many repetitions you want.You can use a counter variable that increases or decreases with each repetition of

the loop, like this:

for i=1 to 10

Some code

Next

The For statement specifies the counter variable (i) and its start and end values. TheNext statement increases the counter variable (i) by one. Step Keyword Using the

Step keyword, you can increase or decrease the counter variable by the value youspecify.

In the example below, the counter variable (i) is increased by two each time the looprepeats.for i=1 to 10 step 2

Some code

Next

To decrease the counter variable, you must use a negative Step value. You mustspecify an end value that is less than the start value.

In the example below, the counter variable (i) is decreased by two each time the

loop repeats.for i=10 to 2 step -2

Some code

Next

Using the ForNext statement in a Web page.


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Exit a For...NextYou can exit a For...Next statement with the Exit For keyword.

Using the ForNext statement in a Web page with additional error-checking to

prevent a divide-by-zero error.


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Dim Score

Dim i

Score = CSng(txtScore.Value)

If Count > 9 Then

MsgBox "You can only enter up to 10 scores. Click the Finished

button to calculate the average."

Else

Scores(Count) = Score

Count = Count + 1

txtScore.Value = ""

End If

End Sub

Sub cmdFinished_OnClick()

Dim Average

Dim Sum

Dim i

If Count = 0 Then

MsgBox "You must enter some scores before they can be averaged."

Exit Sub

End If

For i = 0 to Count-1

Sum = Sum + Scores(i)

Next

Average = Sum / CounttxtAverage.Value = Average

Count = 0

End Sub

-->

For Each...NextA For Each...Next loop repeats a block of code for each item in a collection, or for

each element of an array.The For Each...Next statement looks almost identical to the For...Next statement.

The difference is that you do not have to specify the number of items you want to

loop through.Dim names(2)

names(0)=Tove

names(1)=Jani

names(2)=Stale

for each x in names


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document.write(x &
)

next

Do...LoopYou can use Do...Loop statements to run a block of code when you do not know how

many repetitions you want. The block of code is repeated while a condition is true or

until a condition becomes true.

Repeating Code While a Condition is TrueYou use the While keyword to check a condition in a Do...Loop statement.

Do while i>10

Some code

Loop

If i equals 9, the code inside the loop above will never be executed.

Do

Some codeLoop while i>10

The code inside this loop will be executed at least one time, even if i is less than 10.

Repeating

A Web page that uses the Do WhileLoop structure.


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txtAverage.Value = Average

Count = 0

End Sub

-->

A Web page that uses the DoLoop While structure.

Code Until a Condition Becomes True

You use the Until keyword to check a condition in a Do...Loop statement.Do until i=10Some code

Loop

If i equals 10, the code inside the loop will never be executed.Do

Some code


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Loop until i=10

The code inside this loop will be executed at least one time, even if i is equal to 10.

Exit a Do...LoopYou can exit a Do...Loop statement with the Exit Do keyword.Do until i=10

i=i-1

if i


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A Web page that uses the DoLoop Until structure.

WhileWendThe While...Wend statement can be used to create a loop that executes as long as acondition remains true. The syntax for this statement is outlined below.

While condition

statements

Wend

condition is an expression that is being tested, and statements represents VBScript

statements that will be executed during each iteration of the loop. The While...Wendstatement is provided for backward compatibility purposes. Its continued use is

discouraged. Its functionality is duplicated by the Do...While and Do...Untilstatements, which are more flexible in their application.

A Web page that uses the WhileWend Until structure.

Script 3.3 - A While...Wend example


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Dim intCounter, strDisplayString

intCounter = 1

strDisplayString = Watch me count to 10 & vbCrLf & vbCrLf

While intCounter


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Oct Returns the octal value of a specified number

Example of CInt function:

The CInt function converts an expression to a variant of subtype Integer.

Note: The value must be a number between -32768 and 32767. Syntax

Cint(expression)Parameter Description

Expression Required. Any valid expression

Example 1Dim a

A=134.345

Document.write(Cint (a))

Output:

134

Example 2Dim a

A=-30000.24

Document.write(Cint (a))

Output:

-30000

Math FunctionsFunction Description

Abs Returns the absolute value of a specified number

Atn Returns the arctangent of a specified number

Cos Returns the cosine of a specified number (angle)Exp Returns e raised to a power

Hex Returns the hexadecimal value of a specified number

Int Returns the integer part of a specified number

Fix Returns the integer part of a specified number

Log Returns the natural logarithm of a specified number

Oct Returns the octal value of a specified number

RndReturns a random number less than 1 but greater or equal

to 0

SgnReturns an integer that indicates the sign of a specified

number

Sin Returns the sine of a specified number (angle)

Sqr Returns the square root of a specified numberTan Returns the tangent of a specified number (angle)


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Example of Rnd function:The Rnd function returns a random number. The number is always less than 1 butgreater or equal to 0.

SyntaxRnd[(number)]

Parameter Description

Number Optional. A valid numeric expression

If number is:0 Rnd returns the next number in the sequence

=0 Rnd returns the most recently generated numberNot supplied Rnd returns next random number in the sequence

Example 1Document.write(Rnd)

Output:

0.7055475

Example 2Randomize

Document.write(Rnd)

Output:

0.4758112

Example 3Here is how to produce random integers in a

given numder

Dim max,min

Max=100

Min=1

Document.write(Int((max-min+1)*Rnd+min))

Output:

71

String FunctionsFunction Description

InStrReturns the position of the first occurrence of one string

within another.

The search begins at the first character of the string

InStrRevReturns the position of the first occurrence of one stringwithin another.

The search begins at the last character of the string

LCase Converts a specified string to lowercase

LeftReturns a specified number of characters from the left sideof a string

Len Returns the number of characters in a stringLTrim Removes spaces on the left side of a string

RTrim Removes spaces on the right side of a string

TrimRemoves spaces on both the left and the right side of a

stringMid Returns a specified number of characters from a string


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ReplaceReplaces a specified part of a string with another string aspecified

number of times

RightReturns a specified number of characters from the right

side of a string

SpaceReturns a string that consists of a specified number of

spaces

StrCompCompares two strings and returns a value that represents

the result of

the comparison

StringReturns a string that contains a repeating character of aspecified length

StrReverse Reverses a stringUCase Converts a specified string to uppercase

Example of StrComp function:The StrComp function compares two strings and returns a value that represents theresult of the comparison.

The StrComp function can return the following values: If string1 < string2 - StrComp returns -1

If string1 = string2 - StrComp returns 0

If string1 > string2 - StrComp returns 1

If string1 or string2 is Null - StrComp returns Null

Syntax Example 1Strcomp(String1,string2[,compare])

Parameter Description

string1 Required. A string expression

string2 Required. A string expression

compare Optional. Specifies the string comparison to use. Default is 0

Can have one of the following values:

0 = vbBinaryCompare - Perform a binary comparison

1 = vbTextCompare - Perform a textual comparison

Example 1Document.write(strcomp(VBScript, VBScript))

Output: 0

Example 2Document.write(strcomp(VBScript, vbscript))

Output: -1

Example 3Document.write(strcomp(VBScript, vbscript,1))

Output: 0


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Controlling Variable Scope*************************************************************************

Script Name: Script 4.1.vbs

Author: Bit

Created: 01/04/2003

Description: This script demonstrates global and local variable scopes

*************************************************************************Initialization Section

Option Explicit

Dim X, Y


X = 10

GetNewNumber()

MsgBox X = & X & Y = & Y

Procedure Section

Function GetNewNumber()

Dim Y

Y = 20

End Function

*************************************************************************

Script Name: Script 5.5.vbs

Author: Bit

Created: 01/17/2003

Description: Resizing a dynamic array based on user input

*************************************************************************

Initialization Section

Option Explicit

Dim strUserInput, strMessage

ReDim astrCustomerList(0)


CollectInputData()

ProcessInputData()

Procedure Section

Function CollectInputData()

Dim i

i = 0

Do While UCase(strUserInput) QUIT

strUserInput = InputBox(Type a customer name)

If UCase(strUserInput) QUIT Then

astrCustomerList(i) = strUserInput

Else

Exit Do

End Ifi = i + 1

ReDim Preserve astrCustomerList(i)

Loop

End Function

Function ProcessInputData()

Dim i

i = 0

For Each i In astrCustomerList


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character name.

Size. Retrieves a files or folders byte size.

SubFolders. Establishes a Folders collection consisting of all the folderslocated inside a specified folder.

TotalSize. Returns the total number of bytes left on a drive.

Type. Retrieves information about a files or folders type.

VolumeName. Retrieves or sets a drives volume name.

VBScript Runtime MethodsThe methods that belong to the VBScript runtime objects are listed here.

VBScript Run-time Methods

Add (Dictionary). Adds a key and item pair to a Dictionary object.

Add (Folders). Adds a Folder to a collection.

BuildPath. Appends a name to the path.

Close. Closes an open TextStream file.

Copy. Copies a file or folder.

CopyFile. Copies one or more files. CopyFolder. Recursively copies a folder.

CreateFolder. Creates a new folder.

CreateTextFile. Creates a file and a TextStream object that can be used to

read and write to the file.

Delete. Deletes a file or folder.

DeleteFile. Deletes a file.

DeleteFolder. Deletes a folders contents.

DriveExists. Returns either true or false depending on the existence of a

drive.

Exists. Returns either true or false depending on whether a key exists in

a Dictionary object.

FileExists. Returns either true or false depending on whether a file can be

found.

FolderExists. Returns a value of true or false depending on whether a folder

can be found.

GetAbsolutePathName. Returns a complete path name.

GetBaseName. Retrieves a filename less its file extension.

GetDrive. Returns the Drive object associated with the drive in the specified

path.

GetDriveName. Retrieves the name of a drive.

GetExtensionName. Retrieves a files extension.

GetFile. Retrieves a File object.

GetFileName. Retrieves the last filename or folder of the specified path.

GetFileVersion. Retrieves a files version number.

GetFolder. Retrieves the Folder object associated with the folder in the

specified path.

GetParentFolderName. Retrieves the name of the parent folder.

GetSpecialFolder. Retrieves a special folders name.


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GetTempName. Retrieves the name of a temporary file or folder.

Items. Returns an array containing the items in a Dictionary object.

Keys. Returns an array containing the keys in a Dictionary object.

Move. Moves a file or folder.

MoveFile. Moves one or more files.

MoveFolder. Moves one or more folders.

OpenAsTextStream. Opens a file and returns a TextStream object that can be

used to reference the file.

OpenTextFile. Opens a file and returns a TextStream object that can be used

to reference the file.

Read. Returns a string containing x number of characters from

a TextStream file.

ReadAll. Reads the whole TextStream file and returns its contents.

ReadLine. Reads a line in a TextStream file.

Remove. Deletes a Dictionary objects key, item pair.

Skip. Skips x number of character positions when processing

a TextStream file. SkipLine. Skips a line when processing a TextStream file.

Write. Places a string in the TextStream file.

WriteBlankLines. Writes x number of newline characters to

the TextStream file.

WriteLine. Writes a string in the TextStream file

Scripting related to File systemWorking with File SystemThe main runtime object is the FileSystemObject from which all other runtime

objects are derived (except for the dictionary object, which is independent of

the FileSystemObject). lists of VBScript runtime objects.FileSystemObject

Object Access Provided

Drive Disk drive properties

Drives Collection System drive information

File File properties

Files Collection All files contained in the

specified folder

Folder Folder properties

Folders Collection All folders contained in thespecified folder

To use the FileSystemObject within your VBScripts you must first establish aninstance of it. You can do this using the WScript objects CreateObject() method and

by referencing it as Scripting. FileSystemObject. This is demonstrated in thefollowing example.Set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject ("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Here fsoObject is just the name that I assigned to a variable that can now be used

by the rest of the script to reference the properties and methods ofthe FileSystemObject. With this instance of the FileSystemObject now established the

script is read to interact with the Windows file system.Lets put this


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previous FileSystemObject example to work in a few quick examples to see how itreally works.

Displaying Drive Free SpaceThis first example demonstrates how to use a number of methods and properties of

the VBScript runtime objects to access drive information. Specifically the exampleshown here displays the amount of free space on a computers C: and D: drives.

' * Script Name: Script 5.vbs *Option Explicit

On Error Resume Nextdim fsoObject, drive1, drive2

set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

set drive1 = fsoObject.GetDrive(fsoObject.GetDriveName("c:"))

set drive2 = fsoObject.GetDrive(fsoObject.GetDriveName("d:"))

' ********* Main processing section **********' Call a function that displays drive information

Free_Space()

' *********** Procedures go here *************' This function displays the amount of free space on drive 1 and drive 2

Function Free_Space()

WScript.Echo( "Free Space on drive 1 is: " _

& FormatNumber(drive1.FreeSpace / 1024 , 0) & " KB")

WScript.Echo( "Free Space on drive 2 is: " _

& FormatNumber(drive2.FreeSpace / 1024 , 0) & " KB")

End Function

The script begins by defining three variables. The first variable is fsoObject. It will beused to create an instance of the FileSystemObject as discussed earlier. The next two

variables will be used to set up references to the computers C: and D: drives. Thetwo statements that set up the values of these two variables for the computers

drives probably look a little complex to you at first. So lets take a moment andbreak them down. First, the GetDriveName() method of the FileSystemObject is used

by appending it to the variable fsoObject (for example, fsoObject.GetDriveName()).Remember that the fsoObject variable provides the script with a reference to

the FileSystemObject and its properties and methods. The GetDriveName() methodreturns the name of the drive associated with the specified driver letter (that

is, C: or D:).Next, the FileSystemObject objects GetDrive() method is used to retrieve

the Drive object associated with the specified drive name. The reason that we need

to establish a reference to the Drive object is because we are going to want to useitsFreespace property a little later in the script. After executing the statements in the

scripts initialization section, the VBScript statement in the main processing section

executes. There is only one VBScript statement in this section and it calls a function

named Display_Msg(). The function then executes. Its job is to display the amount offree space on each drive. This is accomplished by taking the amount of free spaceleft on a given drive as contained by the Drive objects FreeSpaceproperty and

dividing it by 1024 (1 kilobyte or 1 KB). The results are then formatted usingthe Driveobjects FormatNumber() method, which in this case formats the number

with zero trailing decimal spaces (that is, as whole number).When I ran this script onmy computer, I got the following results.C:\>CScript "Script 5.vbs"


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Microsoft (R) Windows Script Host Version 5.6

Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 1996-2001. All rights reserved.

Free Space on drive 1 is: 11,116 KB

Free Space on drive 2 is: 15,784 KB

C:\>

Examining File System Types

Lets look at another example of how to work with the methods and properties of the

VBScript runtime objects. This time well write a VBScript example that displays thetype of file system that the computers C: and D: drives have been formatted with.' * Script Name: Script 6.vbs*

Option Explicit

On Error Resume Next

dim fsoObject, drive1, drive2


set drive1 = fsoObject.GetDrive("C:")

set drive2 = fsoObject.GetDrive("D:")

' ********* Main processing section **********

' Call a function that displays drive information

Used_Disk()

' *********** Procedures go here *************

' This function displays the file system used to format drive 1 and drive 2

Function Used_Disk()

WScript.Echo("The file system used on drive 1 is: " & drive1.FileSystem)

WScript.Echo("The file system used on drive 2 is: " & drive2.FileSystem)

End Function

As you can see this VBScript is similar to the previous example. The same variables

are defined in the initialization section. In addition, the same instance ofthe FileSystemObject is set up and once again its GetDrive() method is used toretrieve Drive object references to each drive on the computer.Next, a single

VBScript statement in the main processing section calls a function that displays a filesystem type for each drive.

This is accomplished by using Drive objects FileSystemproperty.When I ran thisscript on my computer I received the following results.C:\>CScript "Script 6.vbs"


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The file system used on drive 1 is: NTFS

The file system used on drive 2 is: NTFS

C:\>

Examining File PropertiesLets look at one final example before we rush off and begin to master the art ofreading from and writing to text files. This example starts off like the previous two

examples by defining its variables and instantiating an instance of

the FileSystemObject. This time the FileSystemObject objectsGetFile() method isused. This method is used to retrieve the File object associated with the specified

file, which in this example is c:\winzip.log.Again, a VBScript statement in the mainprocessing section calls on a function named Display_Msg(). The function contains a

number ofWScript.Echo statements each of which displays a different propertyassociated with the Fileobject.

' ********************************************

' * Script Name: Script 7.vbs *

' * Author: Bit*

' * Created: 03/02/08 *

' ********************************************

' **** Perform script initialization here ****

Option Explicit


dim fsoObject, targetFile


set targetFile = fsoObject.GetFile("d:\Test.vbs")



Details()


' This function displays file properties

Function Details()

WScript.Echo("File properties of d:\Test.vbs")


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WScript.Echo("-----------------------------------")

WScript.Echo("Created on: " & targetFile.DateCreated)

WScript.Echo("Last Modified: " & targetFile.DateLastModified)

WScript.Echo("Last Accessed: " & targetFile.DateLastAccessed)

WScript.Echo("File Name: " & targetFile.Name)

WScript.Echo("File Path: " & targetFile.Path)

WScript.Echo("File Type: " & targetFile.Type)

WScript.Echo("File Size: " & targetFile.Size)

End Function

The following output was displayed when I ran this script.C:\>CScript "Script 7.vbs"



File properties of d:\Test.vbs

-----------------------------------

Created on: 2/4/2008 11:23:36 PM

Last Modified: 2/4/2008 10:38:52 AM

Last Accessed: 2/4/2008

File Name: Test.vbs

File Path: D:\Test.vbs

File Type: VBScript Script File

File Size: 1081

C:\>

Creating Documents, Reports, and LogsBy this point you should have a fairly good

understanding of what the VBScript runtime objects are and what they can do. Nowlets look at how you can use them to generate reports, logs, and other types of text

documents.To work with files and their contents you must first establish an instanceof the FileSystemObject within your VBScript as shown here.set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Next, you should always check to see if the file that you want to work with already

exists. If it does, you can open it. If it does not already exist, you can create it andthen open it. You can check to see if a file exists using

the FileSystemObject objects FileExists property as shown here.If (fsoObject.FileExists("C:\displayText.txt" ) ) Then


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You must open a file before you can work with it. You can usethe FileSystemObject objectsOpenTextFile() method to open files. To use this

method you need to supply a few pieces of information including the following.

The name and path of the file to be opened

Whether you want the file to be opened for reading, writing, orappending

Whether to create the file if it does not existTable defines constantsthat are used to tell the OpenTextFile() method what you want to do

once the file is opened.

OpenTextFile() Constants

Constant Description Value

ForReading Opens a file for reading1

ForWriting Opens a file for writing 2

ForAppending Opens a file for appending

8

Table defines two options that govern what the OpenTextFile() method should do

when the file to be opened does and does not exist.

Table : OpenTextFile() File Creation Options

Value Description

True Open the file if it exists,otherwise create and open it

False Open the file if it exists,

otherwise do not create it

Opening and Closing FilesIt is very important that you correctly specify the type of operation that you are

opening a file for (reading, writing, or appending). If you open a file to write to it andthe file exists, then the file will be reinitialized. In other words, any data that is

already in the file is lost and the file pointer is placed at the beginning of the new file

(in the first row and column of the file).By appending to a file, you are able topreserve its contents and add to it. In other words, the file is opened and the file

pointer is placed at the end of the file in the last row and column position.The filepointer is used to identify where the next character of data will be placed with a file.

In a newly initialized file, the pointer would automatically be positioned in the upper-left corner (row 0, column 0). If one new character of information were added, the

pointer would be moved over one position to column 1 in row 0. If a carriage returnwere added (indicating an end-of-line marker), then the file pointer would move to

column 0 row 1. Knowing the location of the file pointer and how it is moved aroundis important, especially if you will be writing to or reading from files that have fixed

record formats with data fields starting and ending in specified columnpositions. Okay, enough about the file pointer. Lets look at an example that ties

together everything that we have talked about. In this example, Ive written aVBScript that opens a file named myFile.txt, which resides in the root directory of

myC: drive. If the file already exists, then the script opens it but if it does notalready exist it will be created and opened.' * Script Name: Script 8.vbs *

Option Explicit



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Dim fsoObject, open_File, target_File

Set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

target_File = "D:\ displayText.txt"



Open_File()

open_File.WriteLine "This line of data should be written to the text file."

Close_File()


' This function opens a file

Function Open_File()

If (fsoObject.FileExists(target_File ) ) Then

Set open_File = fsoObject.OpenTextFile(target_File, 8 )

Else

Set open_File = fsoObject.OpenTextFile(target_File, 2, "True" )

End If

End Function

' This function closes a file

Function Close_File()

open_File.Close()

End Function

The file is opened using the forWriting constant ( with a value of 2 ) if it alreadyexists. If the file does not exist, then the forAppending constant (with a value of 8 )

is specified to open the file and place the file pointer at the end of the file.If you take

at look at the scripts main processing section you will see the following statementbetween a pair of function calls, which open and close the file.

open_File.WriteLine "This line of data should be written to the text file."This statement writes one line of data to the file and executes a carriage return

placing the file pointer in the first column of the following line. Ill talk more aboutthe use of this and other methods that are used to write data to files in just a

bit. The last statement in the main processing section calls a function that executesthe following statement.open_File.Close()

This statement executed the FileSystemObject objects close() method i to close the

opened file. You must remember to close any file that you open before allowing your


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script to end. Failing to do so may cause an error the next time that you open the filebecause the end-of-file marker will not have been created.Run this script and open

the myFile.txt file and youll see the following line of data.This line of data should be written to the text file.


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Writing to Files

As you just learned, you should always check for the existence of a file before

creating it. Once opened, you have several different ways in which you can write textdata to your files.One option is to write a specific number of characters at a time.

This technique is best used when you need to write carefully formatted data to your

files such as when you write reports with data that appears in columns. Anotheroption for writing to a file is to write an entire line of data at a time. This technique isbest used when your documents are more free-formed and is probably the option

that youll use most often, especially if you plan to create log files in which yourecord error messages and other types of event information as your scripts

execute.Finally, you might want to add blank lines to your files. Blank lines areespecially useful for formatting your documents to improve their presentation and

make them easier to read.

Adding Characters to a FileYou can write a specific number of characters to a file at a time using

the FileSystemObject objectsWrite() method. This method does not automaticallyappend a carriage return at the end of each write operation. Therefore, the next time

a write operation occurs additional text is inserted immediately following the textwritten by the previous write operation.The following example demonstrates how you

can use the Write() method to append text to an existing file.Set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Set open_file = fsoObject.OpenTextFile("d:\ displayText.txt", 8 )

open_file.Write("Welcome to ")

open_file.Write("KR Testing Solutions!")

open_file.Close()

As you can see even though two separate write operations occurred, the text for

both write operations was placed on the same line.Adding a Line to a FileBy replacing the Write() method with

the FileSystemObject objects WriteLine() method in the previous example, you can

change the previous script to write data to the file a line at a time.Set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


open_file.WriteLine("Welcome to KR Testing Solutions!")

open_file.Close()

The WriteLine() method automatically adds a carriage return to the end of each line

returning the file pointer to the first column of the next line.Adding Blank Lines to a FileIf you want to format your text files with blank lines to create better looking reports

or make them easier to read you can usethe FileSystemObject objects WriteBlankLines() method. When executed, this

method writes a blank line to the file and executes a carriage return.The followingexample demonstrates how to use the WriteBlankLines() method to format the data

in a small report.Set fsoObject = WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


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Set myCDrive = fsoObject.GetDrive("d:")


open_file.WriteLine("------------------------------")

open_file.WriteBlankLines(1)

open_file.WriteLine(" My d: Drive Report ")


open_file.WriteLine("------------------------------")


open_file.WriteLine("File System - " & myCDrive.FileSystem)

open_file.WriteLine("Total Size - " & myCDrive.TotalSize)

open_file.WriteLine("Free Space - " & myCDrive.AvailableSpace)

open_file.Close()Reading from Files

Reading the contents of a file is handled in much the same way as writing to it. First,be sure that the file exists. If it does, then your script may open it. The next thing

your script should do is use the TextStream objects AtEndOfStream property to findout if the file has any data in it. After all, there is no point to trying to read an empty

file. In fact, you should check the value of theAtEndOfStream property just beforeeach read operation to be sure that your script has not reached the end of file

marker (e.g., the end of the file). The first thing that you need to do to begin readinga text file is create an instance of the FileSystemObject and then use

theFileSystemObject objects OpenTextFile() method as shown here.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


As you can see the forReading constant has been specified. Next you could set up aloop that runs until the AtEndOfStream property has a value of true (the end of the

file is reached). During each iteration of the loop your script should read a line of textusing the FileSystemObject objectsReadLine() method as shown here.Do while False = open_file.AtEndOfStream

WScript.Echo(open_file.ReadLine())

Loop

The preceding VBScript statements will process every line in the file, terminating

when the end of file marker is reached. After your script is done reading the file, itcan close it as shown here.open_file.Close

If you put these lines of code together and ran them as a script using the CScriptexecution host youd see output similar to the following.C:\>CScript test.vbs


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------------------------------

My d: Drive Report

------------------------------

File System - NTFS

Total Size - 2146631554

Free Space - 234554452

C:\>

In this example we read an entire file by reading it one line at a time. There are anumber of other techniques for reading files. These include

Skipping lines when reading a file

Reading a specified number of characters from a file

Reading an entire file in one operation

Skipping Portions of a FileIf a file has headers or other information that you are not interested in reading you

can always skip them and read only the portion of the file that interests you. Forexample, the file that we have been working with contains a five-line header followed

by two blank lines after which the data in the report begins.You can use either of thefollowing methods, both of which belong to theFileSystemObject, to skip text in a

file.

Skip(). Skip a specific number of characters SkipLine(). Skips a lineThe Skip() method lets you supply a number

indicating how many characters should be skipped.

For example, the following statement would skip 25 characters in a file referencedas open_file.open_file.Skip(25)

Unfortunately, the SkipLine() method does not allow you to pass it a number,

indicating how many lines to skip. If you want to skip more than one line, you canwrap the method up inside a loop as demonstrated here.For i = 1 to 7open_file.SkipLine()Next

Here the first seven lines of the file referenced as open_file would be skipped.

Reading Formatted Data

If your file has been formatted to contain fixed length data, then you have the optionof reading it by character instead of by line. To do so you will use

the FileSystemObject objects Read()method.The following example demonstrateshow to use this method. Here a reference is set up for a file named myfile.txt. Then

a For loop is set up to skip the first seven lines of the file using

theSkipLine() method. Next the Skip() method is used to skip the first fourteencharacters on the eighth line. Finally the next four characters, beginning with the

twenty-third character are read and then displayed. Then the file is closed.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


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For i = 1 to 7

open_file.SkipLine()

Next

open_file.Skip(14)

WScript.Echo("The file system in use on this drive is: "

& open_file.Read(4))open_file.Close

Reading Entire FilesAnother way in which you can read files is to read the entire file all at once using

theFileSystemObject objects ReadAll() method as demonstrated in the following

example.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


read_rpt = open_file.ReadAll()open_file.Close()MsgBox(read_rpt)

In this example, the entire file is read using a single statement, which assigns thedata read by theReadAll() method to a variable named read_rpt. The file is then

closed and the value of read_rptdisplayed using the VBScript MsgBox() function.

Performing File and Folder AdministrationManaging your files and folders can involve a lot of work. Using VBScript and the

WSH you can automate much of this work. For example, typical file and folder tasksinvolve copying or moving files and folders from one location to another in order to

create backups or better organize them. Administration may also include deletingfiles once they have been processed or after they have reached a certain age.You

can use methods belonging to the FileSystemObject to manage one or more files orfolders at a time. FileSystemObject methods for handling files include

CopyFile(). Copies one or more files.

MoveFile(). Moves one or more files to a different location.

DeleteFile(). Delete one or more files.

FileExists(). Provides verification of whether a file contains data.

The FileSystemObject also provides a number of methods that youcan use to manage Windows folders, including

CopyFolder(). Copies one or more folders.

MoveFolder(). Moves one or more folders to a different location.

DeleteFolder(). Deletes one or more folders.

FolderExists(). Provides verification of whether a folder exists.

CreateFolder(). Creates a new folder.Alternatively, you can also use

the File and Folderobjects to manage your files and folders instead of

the FileSystemObject. These two objects share many of the samemethods, including

Copy(). Copies a file or folder to the specified location.

Delete(). Removes the specified file or folder.

Move(). Moves a file or folder to the specified location.


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FileSystemObject

Managing Files and FoldersAs you have already seen this afternoon the FileSystemObject is actually fairly easyto work with. All that you have to do is establish an instance of it and you can start

using its properties and methods. In the sections that follow youll see examples ofhow to use this object to create, copy, move, and delete files and folders.

Copying FilesUsing the FileSystemObject objects CopyFile() method you can copy one or more

files. For example, you might want to copy all the files in the folder on yourcomputer to a network drive at the end of each day. Ill show you how to work with

network drives this evening. For now lets just focus on how the CopyFile() method

works.The first step in copying a file is to set up an instance of theFileSystemObject.Then you can execute its CopyFile() method as shown here.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")fsoObject.CopyFile("d:\ displayText.txt", "d:\myDocs\ displayText.txt")

In this example, a file named myFile.txt is copied from the root folder on the C: driveto a folder named myDocs located on the computers D: drive. You can modify this

example to copy more than one file using wildcard characters as shown in the next

example. Here all files in the root directly with a filename of myFile are copied to thedestination folder regardless of their file extension.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.CopyFile("d:\ displayText.*", "d:\Docs")

Moving FilesMoving files is similar to copying them except that instead of leaving the original file

in place and placing a duplicate copy in the destination location, the original file ismoved leaving only one copy of the file. You can move one or more files using

the FileSystemObject objects MoveFile()method.For example, you can move all fileswith a .txt file extension found in the root of the C:drive to a myDocs folder on

the D: drive using the following VBScript statements.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.MoveFile("c:\*.txt", "c:\Docs")

Deleting FilesYou can use the FileSystemObject objects DeleteFile() method to delete one or more

files. For example, you might want to write a script that cleans out a folder at theend of each day or that deletes files after reading and processing them. You can

delete one or more files as demonstrated here.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.DeleteFile("d:\*.txt")

Here all files that have a .txt file extension located in the root of the C: drive will be

deleted.

Creating a FolderWorking with folders is similar to working with files. You can use the FolderExists()

method of theFileSystemObject to determine if a folder exists. If the folder does not

exist, you can create it using the FileSystemObject objects CreateFolder() method asdemonstrated here.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

If (fsoObject.FolderExists("d:\Docs") = false) Then

Set myFolder = fsoObject.CreateFolder("d:\Docs")

End IfThe first thing that this example does is check to see if a foldernamed myDocs already exists on the computers D: drive. If it does not exist, then


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the folder is created. Otherwise nothing happens.


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Copying FoldersCopying a folder is pretty much the same as copying a file. The folder and all itscontents are copied to a new location leaving the original copy still in place. You can

copy folders using theFileSystemObject objects CopyFolder() method.Take a look atthe following example. It copies a folder named myDocs located on the

computers D: drive to its C: drive.

Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")fsoObject.CopyFolder("c:\Docs", "d:\Docs")

As you can see the CopyFolder() methods requires two arguments, the source and

destination folder names, including their complete paths. By changing the nameassigned to the destination folder, you can rename the folder as part of the copy

operation as demonstrated here.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.CopyFolder("c:\Docs", "d:\NewDocs")

If the destination folder already exists, then the contents of the source folder are

copied into it alongside its current contents. The CopyFolder() method supports anadditional third parameter that allows you to tell it what to do if the destination

folder contains files with duplicate filenames of those found in the source folder. Thisparameter is set to either a value of true or false. Setting it to true causes any

matching files to be overridden. Setting it to false prevents this from happening.Lets look at a couple examples. The first example prevents files with duplicate

filenames from being overridden.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.CopyFolder("c:\Docs", "d:\Docs", "False")

The second example allows files with duplicate names to be overridden in the

destination folder.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.CopyFolder("c:\Docs", "d:\Docs", "True")

Moving FoldersMoving a folder works pretty much the same as copying one except that moving the

folder leaves you with only the one copy. You can move folders using

the FileSystemObject objects MoveFolder()method. This method moves a folder andall its contents, including subfolders, to a new destination.For example, the followingVBScript statements move a folder called myDocs from the computers D: drive to

its C: drive.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.MoveFolder("c:\Docs", "d:\Docs")

If a folder with the same name already exists at the root of the computers D: drive,

then the contents of the source folder will be copied into the existing destinationalong side its current contents.

Deleting FoldersYou can delete one or more folders using

the FileSystemObject objects DeleteFolder() method. This method deletes a folder

and all its contents, including subfolders. For example, the following VBScript

statements can be used to delete a folder named myDocs located on acomputers D:drive.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

fsoObject.DeleteFolder("d:\Docs")

Managing Files with the File ObjectThe File Object allows you to work with one file at a time as opposed to

the FileSystemObject, which lets you manage multiple files. Using the File objectinstead of the FileSystemObject requires a little more work. You still have to create

an instance of the FileSystemObject to interact with the file system. You also need to


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use the FileSystemObject objects GetFile() method to retrieve a Fileobject thatrepresents the file that your script will be managing. Once these two things are set

up you can execute any of the File objects methods.

Copying a FileUsing the File objects Copy() method you can copy a file from one location to

another. This method does not support the use of wildcard characters and cannot

therefore be used to copy multiple files.The following example demonstrates how touse the File objects Copy() method to copy a file named myFile.txt fromthe myDocs folder on the computers D: drive to the root of the C: drive.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Set source_file = fsoObject.GetFile("c:\Docs\ displayText.txt")

source_file.Copy("d:\")

In this example, the FileSystemObject objects GetFile() method is used to establish

a reference to the file that is to be copied. Then the Copy() method is used to set thedestination where the file is to be copied.

Moving a FileAs you probably expect by now, moving a file using the File objects Move() methodworks almost exactly like copying it using the Copy() method. For example, the

following VBScript statements demonstrate how to move a file from one location toanother.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Set source_file = fsoObject.GetFile("c:\Docs\ displayText.txt")

source_file.Move("d:\")

Deleting a FileYou can delete an individual file using the File Objects Delete() method. Like

the File objects other methods, the Delete() method does not support wildcardcharacters limiting it to being able to delete just one file at a time.Take a look at the

following example. Here a file named myFile.txt is deleted from a foldernamed myDocs located on the computers D: drive.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")Set source_file = fsoObject.GetFile("c:\Docs\ displayText.txt ")

source_file.Delete()Managing Folders with the Folder ObjectThe Folder object is similar to the File object only it works with one folder at a time

instead of one file at a time. Like the File object, it requires a little more work to setup than does simply using theFileSystemObject. First, youll need to instantiate

the FileSystemObject.

Then you must use theFileSystemObject objects GetFolder() method to retrievea Folder object that represents the folder that your script will be working with. Once

these two things are set up you can execute any of theFolder objects methods.

Copying a FolderLike the File object, the Folder object supports the Copy() method. Because itdoesnt support wildcard characters it is useful only when you want to work with a

single folder at a time. TheCopy() method copies the folder and all its contents,including any subfolders, to a new location.For example, the following VBScript

statements demonstrate how to use the Copy() method. In this case a foldernamed myDocs is copied from the root of the computers D: drive to the root of the

computers C: drive.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Set source_folder = fsoObject.GetFolder("d:\Docs")

source_folder.Copy("c:\")


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Moving a FolderThe Folder objects Move() method lets you move a folder from one location toanother. This method recursively copies a folder and all its contents. Because it does

not support wildcard characters, this method can only move one folder at a time, asopposed to the FileSystemObjectobjects MoveFolder() method, which can move any

number of folders in a single operation.The following example demonstrates how touse this method to move a folder. In this case the folder is named myDocs and it is

moved from the computers D: drive to its C: drive.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


source_folder.Move("c:\")

Deleting a FolderYou can delete a folder using the Folder objects Delete() method. Wildcard character

matching is not supported so it only works with one folder at a time.If you need to delete more than one folder you can use

he FileSystemObject objects DeleteFolder() method, discussed earlier in this

chapter.This method deletes the specified folder and all its contents, including

subfolders.Its use is demonstrated here.Set fsoObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")


source_folder.Delete()

QTP Scripts examples

1. Script for sending a mail using outlook express.Dim objOutlookMsg,objOutlook

Set objOutlook = CreateObject(Outlook.Application)

Set objOutlookMsg = objOutlook.CreateItem(olMailItem)

objOutlookMsg.To = objOutlookMsg.CC =

objOutlookMsg.BCC =

objOutlookMsg.Subject = testobjOutlookMsg.Body =

objOutlookMsg.Attachments.Add C:\Documents and Settings\Desktop\testreport.txt

objOutlookMsg.Send

2. Script for opening a Notepad file.In Expert view write a builtin funtion

invokeapplicationc:/whatever the path

Run

Dim a

Set a = WScript.CreateObject (WSCript.shell)a.run notepad.exeDim oShell

Set oShell = CreateObject (WSCript.shell)

oShell.run cmd/notepad.exe

Set oShell = Nothing

DsystemUtil.Run Notepad.exe

3. Script for connecting the oracle database


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Excelone.Saveas E:\tests.xls

Excelone.quit

Set ExcelSheet=Nothing

6. Some more stuff related to QTP Script.Set Word = CreateObject(Word.Application)

oWord.DisplayAlerts = FalseoWord.Visible = False

oWord.documents.open testWordDoc.doc

Set Doc = oWord.ActiveDocument

Set Range = oDoc.content

oRange.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = 0

oRange.insertafter vbcrlf & & vbcrlf

oRange.collapse(0)

oRange.InlineShapes.AddPicture ImagePath.bmp, False, True

oWord.ActiveDocument.Save

oWord.Application.Quit True

Set Range = Nothing

Set Doc = Nothing

Set Word = Nothing

Cmd.activeconnection=Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Password=;Persist Security Info=True;User

ID=sa;Initial Catalog=pubs;

Dim res,cmd,sql

Set Res=createobject(adodb.recordset)

Set Cmd=createobject(adodb.command)

Cmd.activeconnection=Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Password=;Persist Security Info=True;User

ID=sa;Initial Catalog=pubs;Data Source=192.168.0.69

Cmd.CommandType = 1

sql=select emp_id,fname from dbo.employee

Cmd.CommandText = sql

Set res = Cmd.Execute()

i=1

While not res.eoflogid = res(emp_id).value

logname=res(fname).value

print logid

print logname

i=i+1

res.movenext

wend

Set res = nothing

Set cmd.ActiveConnection = nothing

Set Cmd= nothing

Set ExcelObj = CreateObject(Excel.Application)

aatype=F:\templet.xlsExcelObj.Workbooks.Open(aatype)

Set NewSheet = ExcelObj.Sheets.Item(2)

Dim rs,sq,pkey

set conn=createobject(adodb.connection)

set rs=createobject(adodb.recordset)

set rs1=createobject(adodb.recordset)

conn.open= Provider=OraOLEDB.Oracle.1;Password=*;Persist Security Info=True;User

ID=*;SERVER=*;Data Source=*;DBQ=*;


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sql=select * from table

rs.open sql,conn

i=1

do while not rs.eof

values1=rs(pkey)

values2=rs(name)

NewSheet.Cells(i+1,1).Value =values1

NewSheet.Cells(i+1,2).Value =values2

i=i+1

rs.movenext

Loop

ExcelObj.ActiveWorkbook.Saveas F:\data.xls

ExcelObj.Quit

Set ExcelObj = Nothing

rs.close

set rs=nothing

conn.close

set conn=nothing

Dim Excel,ExcelSheet

Set Excelone=CreateObject(Excel.Application)

Set ExcelSheet=CreateObject(Excel.Sheet)

ExcelSheet.Application.visible=true

ExcelSheet.ActiveSheet.Cells(1,1).value=1



Excelone.Saveas E:\tests.xls

Excelone.quit

Set ExcelSheet=Nothing

Set fs=CreateObject(excel.application)

fs.Visible=True

Set excelbook=fs.Workbooks.AddSet excelsheet=excelbook.worksheets(1)

excelsheet.cells(1,1)=??

excelsheet.saveas e:\1.xls

excelsheet.application.quit

fs.Quit

set fs=createobject(excel.application)

fs.visible=true

set excbook=fs.workbooks.open(f:\1.xls)

set excsheet=excbook.worksheet(1)

excsheet.cells(1,1).value=Test

excbook.save

fs.quit

Dim qtApp ,pDefColl,pDef ,rtParams,rtParam

Set qtApp = CreateObject(QuickTest.Application)

qtApp.Launch

qtApp.Visible = True

qtApp.Open C:\Test1

Set pDefColl = qtApp.Test.ParameterDefinitions

cnt = pDefColl.Count

Indx = 1


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While Indx


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objexcel.ActiveSheet.Cells(1,1).Value = test is pass

Reporter.ReportEvent micPass,Calculation, result

Else

objexcel.ActiveSheet.Cells(1,1).Value = test is Fail

Reporter.ReportEvent micFail,Calculation, Expected Result is 15 +Acutal is +result

End If

What is the use of function GetROProperty()?GetROProperty is used to retrieve properties listed in Object Spy.

Example: hWnd=Browser(browser_name).GetROProperty(hwnd)

Window(hwnd:= & hWnd).Minimize

Date post:	09-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	singaravelan-senthilkarasu
View:	229 times
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