Serbian partners: Prof. dr R. Folic, dr Z. Brujic, M. BoskovicMacedonian partners: Prof. dr D. Ristic, J. Ristic
Experimental Testing of Large Scale Bridge Model Incorporating Innovative Energy Dissipation Device of Space Bars
FINAL WORKSHOP
NEUM, BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA : SEPTEMBER 12TH TO 14TH, 2013
NATO SfP-983828SEISMIC UPGRADING OF BRIDGES IN SOUTH-EAST EUROPE BY INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
• Rigid lower RC structure (two parts)
• Separate upper slab, 30 cm depth
• Model length: 830 cm
• Supported length: 520 cm
• Model width: 150 cm
• Approximate scale: 1:9
GEOMETRY
BRIDGE MODEL
• Lower structure weight: 122.3 kN– 65.5 kN + 56.8 kN = 122.3
kN• Upper slab weight: 82.5 kN• Two mid-columns:
– Steel– Different height– RC slab above
GEOMETRY
BRIDGE MODEL
BRIDGE MODEL
• Energy dissipation device • 8 curved bars (components) fixed at their ends• Relative horizontal displacement of top and bottom plates• Bending, shear, torsion• Equal behavior in all horizontal directions • Employs plastic behavior along curved bars
OVERVIEW
DEVICE
• Part 1 – Quasi-static tests– Part 1-A – Components
• Different orientation• Different bar diameters
– Part 1-B – Devices• Different bar diameters
• Part 2 – Shaking table tests– Different excitations
• Different records• Compressed/
uncompressed• Different intensities
– Different devices
CONTENTS
TESTING PROGRAM
• All tests have been carried out during first 3 months of this year
• Part of much more extensive experimental program, which had involved several different innovative energy dissipation devices
COMPONENTS• Bar diameters:
– Ø14– Ø16
• Bar orientations (α): – α = 000⁰ 5001-E1– α = 045⁰ & α = -045⁰ 5001-E2– α = 090⁰ & α = -090⁰ 5001-E3– α = 135⁰ & α = -135⁰ 5001-E4– α = 180⁰ 5001-E5
TESTING PROGRAM
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
DEVICES• Bar diameters:
– 8 x Ø14 5002-E1– 8 x Ø16 5002-E2
• bridge model was used• 4 double spherical rolling bearings• 1 device• device does not carry any vertical load
SETUP
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
• displacement controlled, increasingly cyclic• displacement increase/decrease: ~1.3 mm/s• driven by one hydraulic jack, centric• displacement applied to upper slab • load applying system was supported by lower structure• duration of protocol: about 11 min
LOADING PROTOCOL
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
LOADING PROTOCOL
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
DOUBLE SPHERICAL ROLLING BEARINGS
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
DOUBLE SPHERICAL ROLLING BEARINGS - MEASUREMENTS
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Component testing: 5001-E1 - MEASUREMENTS
• 1 component• ALPHA = 000• welded
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Component testing: 5001-E5 - MEASUREMENTS
• 1 component• ALPHA = 180• Not welded
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Component testing: 5001-E2 - MEASUREMENTS
• 2 components• ALPHA = 045• Not welded
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Component testing: 5001-E4 - MEASUREMENTS
• 2 components• ALPHA = 135• Not welded
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Component testing: 5001-E3 - MEASUREMENTS
• 2 components• ALPHA = 90• Not welded
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Device testing: 5002-E1 - MEASUREMENTS
• Ø16 components• Not welded
QUASI-STATIC TESTS
Device testing: 5002-E2 - MEASUREMENTS
• Ø14 components• Not welded
SHAKING-TABLE TESTS
TESTING PROGRAM
• 2 devices– One at each end support
• 4 double spherical rolling bearings– Two at each end support
• Excitation orientation: 45⁰
SHAKING-TABLE TESTS
TEST SETUP
SHAKING-TABLE TESTS
SHAKING-TABLE TESTS
EXCITATIONS
• Functions:– Sine sweep– El-Centro Record– Landers Record– Northridge Record– Petrovac Record
• Time Scale:– Compressed: 0.333– Uncompressed: 1.0
• Intensities (PGA):– 0.30 G– 0.75 G
• Shaking table: – Size: 5.0 x 5.0 m– Payload: 40 t– Max. frequency: 80Hz– Deg. of freedom: 5
SHAKING-TABLE TESTS
DATA ACQUISITION POINTS
SHAKING-TABLE TESTS
50002 - MEASUREMENTS
• Part 1 – MICRO-MODELING• Part 2 – MACRO-MODELING
CONTENTS
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM
Why?• Separate device behavior• Define analytical model of device
Problems:• Device is complex• Connections behavior
– Nonlinear– Multi parametric
Result:• Nonlinear link element for macro
modeling
MICRO MODELING
• Mach with shaking table test results
• Link element verification• Modeling
MACRO MODELING