Date post: | 10-Mar-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | kapil-rajput |
View: | 188 times |
Download: | 3 times |
Self-efficacy & Reinforcement theory
~ ISHIT BHATT M83 F.Y.-II
Difference betweenEfficacy and Efficiency
• Efficacy is whether it works or not, whether it has that capacity?
While
• Efficiency is not whether it works, but how well it works, how quickly, how many people have to be involved, etc.
Self-efficacy/social cognitive/social learning:
• Ones believes that he/she is capable of performing certain task in certain manner to achieve certain goal.
- Self-efficacy -
- Confidence -
- Ability to succeed -
How managers helps their employees to achieve high level of self-efficacy?
Goal-setting theory
+
Self-efficacy theory
Joint effects of goals and self efficacy on performance
Individual has confidencethat given level of performance will be attained (Self-efficacy)
Managers setsDifficult, specific
Goal for the job or task
Individual sets higher personal(self-set)
goal for their performance
Individual has higher level of job or task
performance
4 ways to self-efficacy:
- Albert Baundra
1. Enactive mastery2. Vicarious modeling3. Verbal persuasion4. Arousal
1. Enactive mastery:• Most important source for increasing self-
efficacy.
• It means gaining relevant experience with the task or job.
• If you have been able to do the job in past, then you’re more confident to do it in future.
2. Vicarious modeling:• Become more confident by seeing someone
else doing the task or job.
• E.g.: Lose weight, Watching Wang Hao playing table tennis.
3. Verbal persuasion • Becoming more confident because someone
boost you that you are the best and you can do it.
• E.g.: Motivational speakers
4. Arousal• It leads to an energized state, which drives a
person to complete a task.
• The person gets “psyched up” and performs better.
• But when arousal is not relevant, then it hurts performance.
• E.g.: Editing manuscript
Reinforcement Theory:
• What controls behavior(in most simple words).
• It is the process of shaping behaviour by controlling the consequences of the behaviour.
• It says that behavior is function of its consequences.
contd…
Reinforcement Theory:Contd…•It is counterpoint of goal-setting theory.
•Self-efficacy was cognitive approach while it is behavioristic approach, arguing that reinforcement conditions behavior.
•Ignores inner state and concentrate on what happens to a person when he/she takes some action.
•Outer environment influences behaviour.
Combination of:
Rewards and/or
punishments Used to:
Reinforce desired behaviour Or
extinguish unwanted behaviour.