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Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Not the same as grammatical mood Not the same as grammatical mood
(indicative, passive, subjunctive)(indicative, passive, subjunctive)
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Not the same as grammatical mood Not the same as grammatical mood
(indicative, passive, subjunctive)(indicative, passive, subjunctive)– Semantic mood has major and minor Semantic mood has major and minor
components.components.
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
ImperativeImperative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
ImperativeImperative– Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
ImperativeImperative– Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.
Yes/No interrogativesYes/No interrogatives
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
ImperativeImperative– Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.
Yes/No interrogativesYes/No interrogatives– Is this Bill’s red car?Is this Bill’s red car?
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
ImperativeImperative– Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.
Yes/No interrogativesYes/No interrogatives– Is this Bill’s red car?Is this Bill’s red car?
Wh-interrogativesWh-interrogatives
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Major moods:Major moods:
DeclarativeDeclarative– Bill has a red carBill has a red car
ImperativeImperative– Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.Buy Bill’s red car before he sells it to Sally.
Yes/No interrogativesYes/No interrogatives– Is this Bill’s red car?Is this Bill’s red car?
Wh-interrogativesWh-interrogatives– Who is buying Bill’s red car?Who is buying Bill’s red car?
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t
you?you?
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t
you?you? Tag imperativeTag imperative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t
you?you? Tag imperativeTag imperative
– Leave the room, will you!Leave the room, will you!
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t
you?you? Tag imperativeTag imperative
– Leave the room, will you!Leave the room, will you! Pseudo-imperativePseudo-imperative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t
you?you? Tag imperativeTag imperative
– Leave the room, will you!Leave the room, will you! Pseudo-imperativePseudo-imperative
– Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t
you?you? Tag imperativeTag imperative
– Leave the room, will you!Leave the room, will you! Pseudo-imperativePseudo-imperative
– Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!! Alternative questionAlternative question
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t you?You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t you?
Tag imperativeTag imperative– Leave the room, will you!Leave the room, will you!
Pseudo-imperativePseudo-imperative– Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!
Alternative questionAlternative question– Does John resemble hisDoes John resemble his father father or his mother? or his mother?
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moodsMinor moods
Tag declarativeTag declarative– You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t you?You’ve been biting your nails again, haven’t you?
Tag imperativeTag imperative– Leave the room, will you!Leave the room, will you!
Pseudo-imperativePseudo-imperative– Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!Move and I’ll shoot! Move, or I’ll shoot!!
Alternative questionAlternative question– Does John resemble hisDoes John resemble his father father or his mother? or his mother?
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
““One more” sentenceOne more” sentence
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
““One more” sentenceOne more” sentence– One more beer and I’ll leaveOne more beer and I’ll leave
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
““One more” sentenceOne more” sentence– One more beer and I’ll leaveOne more beer and I’ll leave
CurseCurse
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
““One more” sentenceOne more” sentence– One more beer and I’ll leaveOne more beer and I’ll leave
CurseCurse– You pig, bag of wind, ...You pig, bag of wind, ...
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
““One more” sentenceOne more” sentence– One more beer and I’ll leaveOne more beer and I’ll leave
CurseCurse– You pig, bag of wind, …You pig, bag of wind, …
ExclamativeExclamative
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Minor moods con’tMinor moods con’t
OptativeOptative– May he rest in peace.May he rest in peace.
““One more” sentenceOne more” sentence– One more beer and I’ll leaveOne more beer and I’ll leave
CurseCurse– You pig, bag of wind, …You pig, bag of wind, …
ExclamativeExclamative– What a nice day!What a nice day!
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Mood can be further explained or Mood can be further explained or
combined. Examples from the combined. Examples from the interrogative moods:interrogative moods:
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Mood:Mood:– Mood can be further explained or Mood can be further explained or
combined. Examples from the combined. Examples from the interrogative moods:interrogative moods:
When was the battle of Waterloo? (exam When was the battle of Waterloo? (exam question)question)
Is the Pope Catholic? (rhetorical)Is the Pope Catholic? (rhetorical) What should I do now? (request for advice)What should I do now? (request for advice) Why don’t you go to blazes? (curse)Why don’t you go to blazes? (curse) O Death, where is thy sting (poetic)O Death, where is thy sting (poetic)
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Singular and General quality of Singular and General quality of words and phraseswords and phrases
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Singular and General quality of Singular and General quality of words and phraseswords and phrases– General: terms of general use - General: terms of general use -
red denotes red: a red car, a red letter red denotes red: a red car, a red letter day, a red faced swain.day, a red faced swain.
Semantics: Special TopicsSemantics: Special Topics
Singular and General quality of words and Singular and General quality of words and phrasesphrases– General: terms of general use - General: terms of general use -
red denotes red: a red car, a red letter day, a red red denotes red: a red car, a red letter day, a red faced swain.faced swain.
– SingularSingular Deictics (now, here, yesterday)Deictics (now, here, yesterday) Proper names (Paris, Édith Piaf, Cesaria Evora, Proper names (Paris, Édith Piaf, Cesaria Evora,
Center for Disease Control)Center for Disease Control) Definite Descriptions (the book on the table, the Definite Descriptions (the book on the table, the
woman in the red dress)woman in the red dress)
SemanticsSemantics