Semester 1 Final Review

Have your periodic table and scientific calculator ready!

Temperature

• What is the lowest temperature known? Give your answer in both Kelvin and Celcius.

• 0 Kelvin

• 273 oC

Temperature

• What is the special name given to the lowest temperature from the previous slide?

• Absolute Zero

Temperature

• Which temperature is colder 172 K or -75oC?

• 172 Kelvin

Subatomic particles

• Give the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom symbolized by

• protons – 15

• electrons – 15

• neutrons – 17

3215P

Atomic number

• What does the atomic number of an element tell us about the nucleus?

• Number of protons

Mass Number

• What does the mass number tell us about an atom?

• The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons in the nucleus

Subatomic particles

• Which subatomic particles is the most responsible for the chemical properties of the element?

• Electrons

Isotopes

• In two isotopes of the same element, which of the following would be the same and which would be different?– Atomic number– Number of protons– Number of neutrons– Number of electrons– Element symbol– Atomic mass

SameSame

SameSame

Different

Different

Isotopes

• What is the given information for the isotope of Carbon-14 – Atomic number– Number of protons– Number of neutrons– Number of electrons– Element symbol– Atomic mass

• 6• 6• 8• 6• C• 14

Valence electrons• Where do we find the number of valence

electrons for an element?

• Its group number

• Where in the atom are valence electrons found?

• Highest occupied energy level

Periodic Table

• What is the name of the yellow region?

Metals

Many groups have special names…what are they?

Alkali Metals

Many groups have special names…what are they?

Alkaline Earth Metals

Many groups have special names…what are they?

Halogens

Many groups have special names…what are they?

Noble Gases

Many groups have special names…what are they?

Transition Metals

Periodic Table

• What is the name of the green region?

Nonm

etals

Periodic Table

• What is the name of the pink region?

Metalloids

Ions

• How are ions formed?

• Gaining or losing electrons

Cations

• Cations are produced when a neutral atom….

• loses electrons;

• thus causing cations to have a ______________ charge?positive

Cations

• Where are cations found on the periodic table?

• Metals: Group 1A,2A,3A, & transition metals.

Anions

• Anions are produced when a neutral atom….

• gains electrons;

• thus causing anions to have a ______________ charge?negative

Anions

• Where are anions found on the periodic table?

• Nonmetals: Group 5A,6A,& 7A

Units of measureWhat is the SI unit of measure for:

• Volume• Mass• Length• Temperature• # of particles in a

substance

• Liter• Kilogram• Meter• Kelvin• Mole

The Mole

• What is a mole? How much

does it represent?

• A unit of measure defined by the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12.01 grams of carbon.

• 6.02 x 1023 particles/atoms/molecules

Atoms

• If you have 2.13 x 1024 atoms of Au, how many moles of Au do you have?

• 3.54 mol Au

Atoms

• How many atoms are there in 1.28 mol of calcium?

• 7.71 x 1023 atoms Ca

Balance the following:

• _AgNO3 + _Cu _Cu(NO3)2 + _Ag

• _Na + _H2O _H2 + _NaOH

2 2

2 22

2C3H8 + 7O2 6CO + 8H2O

• Calculate the number of moles of CO produced when 1.2 mol of H2O is produced in the incomplete combustion reaction above.

• 0.9 mol CO

• How many grams of CO are produced? 25 g CO

C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

• How many liters of O2 are needed to react with C3H8 to produce 2.0 liters of H2O?

• 2.5 liters O2

C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

• How many grams of propane are needed to react with an excess of O2 to produce 20 g CO2

• 6.7g C3H8

83

83

2

83

2

22

HC mol

HC g11.44

CO mol 3

HC mol

CO g01.44

CO molCO g20

Be sure to…

• Look over your notes from the last couple days of class.

• Remember to read the questions completely AND use units when solving the “math” questions.

• Be confident and relax. You know most of this and YOU CAN DO IT!