SEMINAR ONSEMINAR ON

BOILERSBOILERS

WHAT IS A BOILER?WHAT IS A BOILER?

Boiler is an apparatus to produce Boiler is an apparatus to produce steam .Thermal released by steam .Thermal released by combustion of fuel is transferred combustion of fuel is transferred to water which vaporizes and gets to water which vaporizes and gets converted into steam at a desired converted into steam at a desired pressure and temperature.pressure and temperature.

BOILERS IN INDUSTRIESBOILERS IN INDUSTRIES

BOILERS IN STEAM BOILERS IN STEAM PLANTSPLANTS

FEATURES OF A FEATURES OF A BOILERBOILER

1.1. SAFETYSAFETY

2.2. ACCESSIBILITYACCESSIBILITY

3.3. CAPACITYCAPACITY

4.4. EFFICIENCYEFFICIENCY

5.5. COSTCOST

6.6. CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

TYPES OF BOILERSTYPES OF BOILERS

ACCORDING TOACCORDING TO FLOW OF WATER AND HOT GASESFLOW OF WATER AND HOT GASES POSITION OF FURNACEPOSITION OF FURNACE POSITION OF PRINCIPAL AXISPOSITION OF PRINCIPAL AXIS APPLICATIONAPPLICATION CIRCULATING WATERCIRCULATING WATER STEAM PRESSURESTEAM PRESSURE

FLOW OF WATER AND FLOW OF WATER AND HOT GASESHOT GASES

1.1.WATER TUBE BOILER WATER TUBE BOILER Water circulates through tubes . Water circulates through tubes .

Hot products of combustion flow Hot products of combustion flow over these tubes.over these tubes.

2.FIRE TUBE BOILER2.FIRE TUBE BOILER Hot combustion gases flow through Hot combustion gases flow through

the tubes . Water surrounds the the tubes . Water surrounds the tubes.tubes.

WATER TUBE BOILERWATER TUBE BOILER

FIRE TUBE BOILERFIRE TUBE BOILER

BABCOCK AND WILCOX BABCOCK AND WILCOX BOILERBOILER

It’s a water tube It’s a water tube boiler . It consists boiler . It consists of a drum , super of a drum , super heater ,headers , heater ,headers , tubes etc.tubes etc.

COCHRAN BOILERCOCHRAN BOILER

It’s a fire tube boiler . Its a It’s a fire tube boiler . Its a vertical boiler, has a lesser vertical boiler, has a lesser space . Flue gases escape to space . Flue gases escape to atmosphere after passing through atmosphere after passing through smoke box and stack.smoke box and stack.

COCHRAN BOILERCOCHRAN BOILER

POSITION OF FURNACEPOSITION OF FURNACE

INTERNALLY FIREDINTERNALLY FIRED EXTERNALLY FIREDEXTERNALLY FIRED

Internally fired boilers the grate Internally fired boilers the grate combustion the grate combustion combustion the grate combustion chamber are enclosed within chamber are enclosed within boiler shell.boiler shell.

POSITION OF PRINCIPAL POSITION OF PRINCIPAL AXISAXIS

VERTICALVERTICAL HORIZONTALHORIZONTAL INCLINEDINCLINED

APPLICATIONAPPLICATION

STATIONARYSTATIONARY MOBILE(MARINE,LOCOMOTIVE)MOBILE(MARINE,LOCOMOTIVE)

SCOTCH MARINE SCOTCH MARINE BOILERBOILER

It’s a fire tube It’s a fire tube boiler . It is of 2 boiler . It is of 2 types:types:

1.Single ended 1.Single ended

2.Double ended2.Double ended

CIRCULATION OF WATERCIRCULATION OF WATER

Natural circulationNatural circulation Forced circulationForced circulation

STEAM PRESSURESTEAM PRESSURE

Low pressureLow pressure Medium pressureMedium pressure High pressureHigh pressure

HIGH PRESSURE HIGH PRESSURE BOILERBOILER

Boiler pressure is 250 kg per sq . Boiler pressure is 250 kg per sq . CmCm

And steam temperature is 550 And steam temperature is 550 degree centigrade. It is a water degree centigrade. It is a water tube boiler.tube boiler.

BOILER MOUNTINGS BOILER MOUNTINGS AND ACCESSORIESAND ACCESSORIES

Mountings are the Mountings are the components used components used for the safety of for the safety of the boiler.the boiler.

Ex-feed pump , Ex-feed pump , speed check speed check valve etc.valve etc.

FEED PUMP VALVESFEED PUMP VALVES

THERMAL EFFICIENCY THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF BOILEROF BOILER

It is defined as the ratio of heat It is defined as the ratio of heat actually utilized be water in actually utilized be water in generation of steam to the heat generation of steam to the heat supplied during the combustion of supplied during the combustion of fuel.fuel.

Efficiency=W(H2-H1)/W1*CVEfficiency=W(H2-H1)/W1*CV

BOILER MAINTENANCEBOILER MAINTENANCE

Regular Regular maintenance and maintenance and careful careful supervision of supervision of working of working of various various components components result in efficient result in efficient operationoperation

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PATIENT HEARINGPATIENT HEARING