SEMINAR PRESENTATIONSSEMINAR PRESENTATIONS

Cambodia DHS and Measure DHS+ Survey Objectives and MethodologyHousing and Characteristics of the PopulationFertility and its DeterminantsFertility PreferencesFamily PlanningAbortionWomen’s Status Domestic ViolenceHIV/AIDS and Other STIsHealth Status and Utilization of Health ServicesInfant, Child and Maternal MortalityMaternal and Child Health Infant Feeding & Childhood and Maternal Nutrition

Infant and child mortality levels

Differentials

Adult and maternal mortality

Infant and child mortality levels

Differentials

Adult and maternal mortality

Childhood mortality rates

124

33

95

58

37

Under-5 mortality

Child mortality (1-4 years)

Infant mortality (under 1 year)

Postneonatal mortality (1-11months)

Neonatal mortality (under 1month)

Deaths per 1,000

For the period 5 years before the survey

Comparisons in childhood mortality, by recent data collection efforts

80

53

92

29

89

28

95

33

Infant mortality Child mortality

De

ath

s p

er

1,00

0 b

irth

s

1998 Census (Model North) 1998 Census (Model East)

NHS 1998 CDHS 2000

129

85 7991 95

242

133115 119 124

0

50

100

150

200

250

1977 1982 1987 1992 1997

Infant mortality Under-five mortality

Deaths per 1,000 births

Trends in childhood mortality

Infant and child mortality levels

Differentials

Adult and maternal mortality

Infant and child mortality levels

Differentials

Adult and maternal mortality

How does under-5 mortality vary by residence and mother’s education?

76

122

136

126

93

Secondary and +

Primary

No education

MOTHER'S EDUCATION

Rural

Urban

RESIDENCE Deaths per 1,000

For the period 10 years before the survey

75‰ 76 to 100‰ 100‰ and +

Infant mortality levels vary widely by region:

Kampong Spueu

Kampong Thum

Kaoh Kong Phnom Penh (38 ‰)

Preah V./Stueng T./Kracheh

CAMBODIA

Bantey Mean Chey

Kandal

Takaev Bat Dambang/ Krong Pailin

Siem Reab/Otdar Mean Chey

Kampong Cham

Kampong Chhnang

Prey Veaeng

Pousat

Svay Rieng

Kampot/Krong K./K.P. Sihanouk

Mondol K./Rotanak K. (170 ‰)

Are chances of survival better for children born of mothers who receive assistance at delivery?

39

7466

105

Post-neonatal mortality Infant mortality

Deaths per 1,000 live births, 5 years before the survey

Assistance at delivery

Assistance at delivery

No assistance

No assistance

What maternal factors are typically associated with high risk of

childhood mortality?

Age of mother at birthAge of mother at birth:: too young or too old

Birth orderBirth order:: too many

Preceding birth intervalPreceding birth interval:: too short

Dea

ths

per

1,0

00 b

irth

s

Age of mother at birth

For the period 10 years before the survey

101

126

88

116

94

126117

156

Infant mortality Under-five mortality

< 20 years 20-29 30-39 40-49

Preceding birth interval

133

172

87

119

76

102

60

81

Infant mortality Under-five mortality

Dea

ths

per

1,00

0 li

ve b

irth

s

< 2 years 2 years 3 years 4 + years

For the period 10 years before the survey

Birth order

90

108

86

117

85

118128

158

Infant mortality Under-five mortality

Dea

ths

per

1,00

0 li

ve b

irth

s

One 2 or 3 4 to 6 7 +

For the period 10 years before the survey

Infant and child mortality levels

Differentials

Adult and maternal mortality

Infant and child mortality levels

Differentials

Adult and maternal mortality

Adult mortality

• Direct estimates of adult mortality were obtained from information collected in the sibling history.

• Maternal mortality is a subset of adult mortality.

• Estimates are for the period 1994-2000.

Adult mortality rates

• Mortality rate for men age 15-49 is 4.8 deaths per 1,000.

• Mortality rate for women age 15-49 is 3.5 deaths per 1,000.

Maternal mortality

Maternal deaths are defined as any death that occurred:

During pregnancy

During childbirth

Within 2 months after the birth or termination of a pregnancy.

Maternal mortality measurements

• For the period 1994-2000, 437 women died from maternal related causes per 100,000 live births (maternal mortality ratio).

• This ratio corresponds to a lifetime risk of dying from maternal causes of 1 in 50.

• Maternal deaths accounted for 18% of all deaths to women age 15-49.

Main findings on mortality

• One in 10 children does not survive to his/her first birthday.

• One in 8 children does not survive to his/her fifth birthday.

• Mortality levels seem to have increased slightly over the last decade.

• Rural children, those born of mothers with no education and those whose mother did not receive assistance at delivery have the highest risk of dying.

• Wide geographic disparities in child survival chances persist in Cambodia:

infant mortality is 38‰ in Phnom Penh and 65‰ in Kampong Thum as opposed to 139‰ in Pousat and 170‰ in Mondol Kiri/Rotanak Kiri.

• The pace and pattern of childbearing affects the probability of childhood death:

children born of teenage mothers, those with a birth order of 7 or more and those born less than 2 years after their sibling have the highest risk of dying.

• For the period 1994-2000, the maternal mortality ratio is 437 per 100,000 live births.

• Maternal deaths accounted for 18% of all deaths to women age 15-49