Sensor Communication Auto Motives PPT

Sri Sai Phani Kanth, ArekapudiChemnitz University of TechnologyCourse of Studies M.Sc Micro & NanoSystems, 2nd . Semester

Sensor Communication in Automotive

Sri Sai Phani Kanth, ArekapudiChemnitz University of TechnologyCourse of Studies M.Sc Micro & NanoSystems, 2nd . Semester

Seminar Automotive Sensors

Chair for Measurement and Sensor TechnologyUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Kanoun

1.0 Introduction.Network Topology

2.0 Vehicle Bus.Vehicle Messaging ProtocolsCANLINMOSTFLEXRAYComparisonProtocol Usage.

3.0 Summary.

4.0 Reference.

Agenda

1.0 Introduction.Network Topology

2.0 Vehicle Bus.Vehicle Messaging ProtocolsCANLINMOSTFLEXRAYComparisonProtocol Usage.

3.0 Summary.

4.0 Reference.

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• The data exchange between the numerous number of control devices,sensors and actuators in automobiles

1.0 Introduction.

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Fig.1 Function Block Diagramof Automotive system.

Application of MEMS Technology in Automotive Sensors and ActuatorsPROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE,VOL. 86, NO. 8, AUGUST 1998.

Fig.1.a, Transparent View ofAutomotive system in a Car.

• Bus topology

• Star topology

• Ring topology

• Tree topology

• Mesh topology

Network Topologies:

• Bus topology

• Star topology

• Ring topology

• Tree topology

• Mesh topology

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Fig. 2 Network Topologies

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology

• A vehicle bus is a specialized internal communication network thatinterconnects components inside a vehicle (e.g. automobile, bus, industrialor agricultural vehicle, ship, or aircraft).

Special requirements for vehicle control:• Assurance of message delivery

• Assured non-conflicting messages

• Assured time of delivery as well as low cost

• Noise resilience, redundant routing

• Use of less common networking protocols.

2.0 Vechicle Bus

• A vehicle bus is a specialized internal communication network thatinterconnects components inside a vehicle (e.g. automobile, bus, industrialor agricultural vehicle, ship, or aircraft).

Special requirements for vehicle control:• Assurance of message delivery

• Assured non-conflicting messages

• Assured time of delivery as well as low cost

• Noise resilience, redundant routing

• Use of less common networking protocols.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_bus

Wired connectivity Protocol• Controller Area Network (CAN).• Local Interconnection Network (LIN).• Media Oriented System Transport (MOST).• FlexRayWireless connectivity Protocol• Blue Tooth.• ZigBee.• Wi-Fi

Physical Transmission Media• Single Wire.• Twisted Pair.• Fiber Optic Cable.

Vechicle Messaging Protocols

Wired connectivity Protocol• Controller Area Network (CAN).• Local Interconnection Network (LIN).• Media Oriented System Transport (MOST).• FlexRayWireless connectivity Protocol• Blue Tooth.• ZigBee.• Wi-Fi

Physical Transmission Media• Single Wire.• Twisted Pair.• Fiber Optic Cable.

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O.S.I. - Open System Interconnection

OSI model is a way of sub-dividing a System into smaller parts (calledlayers) from the point of view of communications.

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Fig.3 OSI reference model

cis.cs.tu-berlin.de/Lehre/SS-03/Sonstiges/.../Vortrag_MOST.ppt (Ref 4)

Controller Area Network (CAN)

• The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial communications protocolsuited for networking sensors, actuators, and other nodes in real-timesystems.

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Research on the Controller Area Network (Reference 1)Figure 4. The Layered ISO 11898 Standard Architecture

CAN Message Frame Format:

Standard CAN Format

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Figure 5. Standard CAN: 11 bit Identifier.

Vechicle Application of CAN by Karl Henrik Johansson,1,Martin Törngren,2, Lars Nielsen3 (Ref. 2)

CAN Versions.

NOMENCLATURE STANDARD MAX.SIGNALINGRATE

IDENTIFIER

Low-Speed CAN ISO 11519 125 Kbps 11-bitCAN 2.0A ISO

11898:19931 Mbps 11-bit

CAN 2.0B ISO11898:1995

1 Mbps 29-bit

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CAN 2.0B ISO11898:1995

1 Mbps 29-bit

Table: 1 CAN Versions.

Research on the Controller Area Network (Reference 1)

CAN Operation.

Fig. 6 Three nodes connected through a CAN bus

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Fig. 7 Bit timing signals

CAN: Level Arbitration

Fig. 8 Inverted logic of a CAN bus

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Research on the Controller Area Network (Reference 1)

Fig. 9 Level Characteristics.

Silent Features of CAN :

• Is a high-integrity serial data communications bus for real-time applications.

• Operates at data rates of up to 1 Megabits per second.

• Has excellent error detection, CSMA/ CD and confinement capabilities.

• Was originally developed by Bosch for use in cars.

• Is now being used in many other industrial automation and controlapplications.

• Is an international standard: ISO 11898.

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• Is a high-integrity serial data communications bus for real-time applications.

• Operates at data rates of up to 1 Megabits per second.

• Has excellent error detection, CSMA/ CD and confinement capabilities.

• Was originally developed by Bosch for use in cars.

• Is now being used in many other industrial automation and controlapplications.

• Is an international standard: ISO 11898.

Local Interconnection Network (LIN):

• The LIN bus is a sub-bus system based on a serial communicationsprotocol. The bus is a single master / multiple slave bus that uses a singlewire to transmit data.

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Fig. 10 Single master / multiple slave model implementation using LIN Bus.AN1278 APPLICATION NOTE LIN Solution (Ref 3)

Basic LIN communication:

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Fig. 11 LIN Communication

AN1278 APPLICATION NOTE LIN Solution (Ref 3)

LIN Message Frame:

Fig. 12.a LIN Message Frame

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AN1278 APPLICATION NOTE LIN Solution (Ref 3)

Fig. 12.b

Silent Features of LIN :

• LIN is a broadcast serial network comprising single master and many (up to16) slaves.

• The LIN bus is a flexible configuration with small and slow network system.

• No collision detection exists.

• Single wire communications up to 19.2 Kbit/s @ 40 meter bus length.

• Variable length of data frame (2, 4 and 8 byte).

• Data checksum, error detection and detection of defective nodes.

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• LIN is a broadcast serial network comprising single master and many (up to16) slaves.

• The LIN bus is a flexible configuration with small and slow network system.

• No collision detection exists.

• Single wire communications up to 19.2 Kbit/s @ 40 meter bus length.

• Variable length of data frame (2, 4 and 8 byte).

• Data checksum, error detection and detection of defective nodes.

Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST):

• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) is a vehicle bus standard,intended for interconnecting multimedia components in automobiles andother vehicles.

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Fig. 13 MOST ringIn-vehicle Movie Streaming Using an Embedded System with MOST Interface (Ref )

General representation:

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In-vehicle Movie Streaming Using an Embedded System with MOST Interface (Ref )

Fig. 14 General representation of a MOST device andISO/OSI representation

MOST Message Frame:

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Fig. 15 MOST Message frames and Blocks

Automotive application www.atmel.com (Ref )

Silent Features of MOST:

• An inexpensive automotive and appliance network

• 25 Mbps fiber-optic bus

• for real-time data transfer

• used in surround-sound systems and CD and DVD players

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• An inexpensive automotive and appliance network

• 25 Mbps fiber-optic bus

• for real-time data transfer

• used in surround-sound systems and CD and DVD players

Flexray

• The FlexRay Protocol is designed to provide high-speed deterministicdistributed control for advanced automotive applications.

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www-wjp.cs.uni-saarland.de/lehre/seminar/ss05/reports/boehm-slides-fl.pdfFig. 16 Flexray Architecture

Network Topology overview for Flexray:

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Fig. 17 Network topology overview for Flexray

www-wjp.cs.uni-saarland.de/lehre/seminar/ss05/reports/boehm-slides-fl.pdf

Data Transmission using Flexray

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Fig. 18 Example for typical data transmission with four bus using Flexray.


Overview of Node in Flexray:

Main interest:Communication Controller (CC)

CC’s task:

• Interface to host

• Message processing

• Transmission

• Reception

• Clock synchronization

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Main interest:Communication Controller (CC)

CC’s task:

• Interface to host

• Message processing

• Transmission

• Reception

• Clock synchronization

www.flexray.com/products/protocol%20overview.pdf

Fig. 19 Node in Flexray.

Communication Controller in Flexray:

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www.flexray.com/products/protocol%20overview.pdf

Fig. 20 Communication Controller in Flexray

Communication Modes in Flexray:

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www-wjp.cs.uni-saarland.de/lehre/seminar/ss05/reports/boehm-slides-fl.pdf

Fig. 21 Communication Modes in Flexray

Message Frames:

Fig. 22. A. Static Scheduled Frame

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Fig. 22. B. Dynamic Scheduled Framewww.flexray.com/products/protocol%20overview.pdf

Silent features of Flexray:

• High data rates (up to 20 megabits per second)

• Implemented to replace CAN and LIN

• Time- and event-triggered behavior

• Redundancy

• Fault-tolerance

• Deterministic

• Flexible

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• High data rates (up to 20 megabits per second)

• Implemented to replace CAN and LIN

• Time- and event-triggered behavior

• Redundancy

• Fault-tolerance

• Deterministic

• Flexible

BUS System Overview:

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Table. 2 Bus system overview.

Protocol Usage.

FlexRay 2008 BMW carsFlexRay 2008 Volkswagen carsFlexRay 2008 Daimler AG carsFlexRay 2008 General Motors cars

CAN 1986 many (ISO 11898-1) many

MOST -Ford, BMW,

DaimlerChrysler, andGM

cars

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FlexRay 2008 BMW carsFlexRay 2008 Volkswagen carsFlexRay 2008 Daimler AG carsFlexRay 2008 General Motors cars

CAN 1986 many (ISO 11898-1) many

MOST -Ford, BMW,

DaimlerChrysler, andGM

cars

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_bus

Table. 3 Protocol Usage.

• Network Topology.

• Messaging Protocols.

• CAN, LIN, MOST, Flexray.

• Overview and usage of Protocols.

3.0 Summary.

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1. Research on the Controller Area Network 2009 International Conference onNetworking and Digital Society.

2. AN1278 APPLICATION NOTE, ST electronics.3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_bus4. http://america2.renesas.com/applications/wired_connectivity/can_interface.

html5. http://www.synosys.biz/automotive_connectivity.html6. http://www.calccit.org/itsdecision/serv_and_tech/AVCSS-section-

one/parking.html7. Sensoren im Automobil und Sensorsignalverarbeitung – Prof. Dr.-Ing. O.

Kanoun.8. Vehicle Applications of Controller Area Network Karl Henrik Johansson,1,

Martin Törngren,2, Lars Nielsen3.

4.0 Reference.

1. Research on the Controller Area Network 2009 International Conference onNetworking and Digital Society.

2. AN1278 APPLICATION NOTE, ST electronics.3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_bus4. http://america2.renesas.com/applications/wired_connectivity/can_interface.

html5. http://www.synosys.biz/automotive_connectivity.html6. http://www.calccit.org/itsdecision/serv_and_tech/AVCSS-section-

one/parking.html7. Sensoren im Automobil und Sensorsignalverarbeitung – Prof. Dr.-Ing. O.

Kanoun.8. Vehicle Applications of Controller Area Network Karl Henrik Johansson,1,

Martin Törngren,2, Lars Nielsen3.

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Thank you very much for your Attention.

Any Question.

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Sensor Communication Auto Motives PPT

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