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SensorNets and Emergency Response
Panel Talk
“The Bioterrorist Threat: Scenarios and Response”
52nd Annual Pugwash Conference
University of California, San Diego
San Diego, CA
August 13, 2002Dr. Larry Smarr
Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies
Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD
Soon The Internet Will Be Available Throughout the Physical World
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Mobile Internet
Fixed Internet
Subscribers (millions)
Source: Ericsson
How Can the “Always-On” Internet Enhance Capabilities for Homeland Security?
• Three Tier System– Wireless SensorNets Brings Data to Repositories
– Collaborative Crisis Management Data Centers
– Remote Wireless Devices Interrogate Databases
The “Always-On” Internet Can Be of Use in Three Stages of an Emergency
• Early Warning SensorNets– Detecting Bio/Chem/Nuclear Agents Directly
• Biosurveillance– Identifying Common Symptoms Earlier
• Emergency Response– Supporting First Responders in an Emergency
SensorNets: A Fast Growing Field of Academic Research
www.soe.ucsd.edu/Research_Review/
February 20-21, 2002Sponsored by Cal-(IT)2 and UCSD
MEMS & Nanotechology Remote Sensors Are Rapidly Being Invented
“Smart Dust” “Nanowires”
Mike Sailor, et al, UCSD Chemistry, Cal-(IT)2
For Volatile Organic Compounds and Chemical Agents
Silicon Photonic Crystals Polysilole
Low Power Biological, Chemical, Pollutant, Magnetic, Particulate Sensor Development
• Desired Properties:– Low False Alarm Rate, Sensitive – Miniature, Portable, Lower Cost
Handheld Nanosensor Device for Sarin Nerve Agent Developed for DARPA
Detection of ExplosivesTNT-contaminated thumbprint on a transit ticket from the San Francisco
BART line
Mike Sailor, et al, UCSD Chemistry, Cal-(IT)2
Adding Wireless Sensors to Systems-on-Chip Will Create Brilliant Sensors
Applications
Memory
Protocol Processors
ProcessorsProcessors DSP
EmbeddedSoftware
Sensors
Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE
Radio
Critical New Role of Power Aware Systems
Internet
Ad Hoc Hierarchical Networks of Brilliant Sensors
The Private Sector is Integrating Wireless, Sensor, and Data-Management Technologies
Source: Graviton, a Cal-(IT)2 Partner
Early Warning Medical Sensors May Move Inside Us
• Internal Sensors—Israeli Video Pill– Battery, Light, & Video Camera– Images Stored on Hip Device
• Next Step—Putting Bodies On-Line– Wireless Internet Transmission– Key Metabolic and Physical Sensors
• Genomic Individualized Medicine– Combine
– Genetic Code – Body Sensor Data Flows
– Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques
www.givenimaging.com
www.bodymedia.com
www.philometron.com
Over the Next Decade NanobioinfoengineeringWill Revolutionize SensorNets
5 nanometersHuman Rhinovirus
IBM Quantum CorralIron Atoms on Copper
VCSELaser
2 mm
Nanogen MicroArray
500x Magnification
400x Magnification
Shrinking Flying Wireless Sensor Platforms: From Predator to Biomimetic Robots
General Atomics Predator(Air Force, CIA)
300 Inches
UC Berkeley Aerobot(ARO, DARPA, ONR)
20 Inches
UC Berkeley Micromechanical
Flying Insect Project
1 Inch
(DARPA, ONR)
SensorNets—Real-Time Data
Storage hardware
Database Systems, Grid Storage,Filesystems
Data Mining, Simulation Modeling, Analysis, Data Fusion
Web PortalCustomized to User Device
Knowledge-Based Integration Advanced Query Processing
Networked Storage (SAN)
Visualization
High speed networking
Data Organization and Mining Are at the Heart of the “Always-On” Internet
The SDSC/Cal-(IT)2 Knowledge and Data
Engineering Laboratory
National Institutes of Health Are Prototyping Distributed Storage and Computing
National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure
Part of the UCSD CRBS Center for Research on Biological Structure
Biomedical Informatics Research Network
(BIRN)NIH Plans to Expand
to Other Organs and Many Laboratories
Data Mining Across Agency Stovepipes Is an Essential Next Step
• Large Cultural Barriers to Sharing of Data• Needed Infrastructure Investments and Training
CRIMINALJUSTICE
EMERGENCYRESPONSE
PUBLICHEALTH
SECURITY
INTEGRATEDINTELLIGENCE
SYSTEM
Local
State
Federal
INFORMATIONSOURCES
Developing Optically Linked Distributed Analysis, Command, & Control Centers
• Driven by SensorNets Data– Emergency Response– Real Time Seismic– Environmental Monitoring
• Possibly Linked to OES Situation Room Sacramento
Linking Control Rooms
Cox, Panoram,SAIC, SGI, IBM,
TeraBurst NetworksSD Telecom Council
UCSD SDSU44 Miles of Cox Fiber
Planning for Optically Linking Crisis Management Control Rooms in California
California Office of Emergency Services, Sacramento, CA
From Telephone Conference Calls to International Video Meetings
Access Grid Lead-ArgonneNSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab
Prevailing wind
Warm zone
Compromised Transportation
Corridor
Hot Zone
Improving Emergency Response With the “Always-On Internet”
Source: Dr. Leslie Lenert, UCSD SOM
Transportation Assets With Mobile Internet
Bubble
FieldTreatment
Station
Mobile BubblesPatient RF IDs
First Responder PDAsElectronicrecord of field care
Hospital #1
Hospital #2
Stadium
WMD Attack
Transport station
Incidentcommand
center
2-Way TelemedicineControl RoomGPS Tracking
High Bandwidth