Sentence Completion Skills.pptx

7/24/2019 Sentence Completion Skills.pptx

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Sentence

CompletionSAT CRITICAL READING



What are sentence completio

Sentence completion questions require students to supply missin!ords" either one or t!o per sentence" chosen #rom a list o#possi$le ans!ers%



S&ills Needed

A$ility to understand the literal meanins o# !ords and use them inconte'ts that ma&e loical sense

(sin !ords in appropriate settins that sho! an a!areness o# the!ords) tone or implications as !ell as their meanin



*rani+ation

The questions are orani+ed #rom easy to hard%

,- questions test .oca$ulary and a$ility to understand #airly comple'sentences%



Approaches

Wor& on sentence completion questions /rst%

0ar& your test $oo&let%

Remem$er that the di1culty o# sentence completion questions increasesas you mo.e throuh a question set%

(se the process o# elimination%

Consider related !ords" #amiliar sayins and phrases" roots" pre/'es"and su1'es%



Approaches Continued

Read the entire sentence" sayin 2$lan&3 #or the $lan&4s5%

Try to determine the standard dictionary de/nitions o# the !ords in thesentence and the ans!ers%

*nce you ha.e chosen your ans!er4s5" chec& your choice $y readin theentire sentence !ith your ans!ers inserted to ma&e sure the sentencema&es sense%



Watch *ut 6or

Introductory and transitional !ords

Neati.es 4Some o# the most di1cult sentence completion questionscontain neati.es" !hich can ma&e it hard to #ollo! the loic o# thesentences%5



Introductory and TransitionalWords

Connect Ideas that are Similar

AndAlso7esides6or e'ampleIn other !ordsLi&e!ise

AnotherIn addition0oreo.er#urthermore




Connect Ideas That are Opposite or in Contrast

7utNorNotinstead8o!e.erIn contrast*n the other hand

Althouh

DespiteIn spite o# 9etE.en !hileE'ceptNe.erthelessNot!ithstandin

Reardless




Connect Ideas in Cause-and-Efect Relationships

7ecauseConsequently There#ore Thus8enceAs a resultIn order to




Mean that a Certain Condition Must be Considered

I# When



Neati.es

Neati.es: not" no

Transition: #or ; second part o# the sentence !ille'plain the /rst



T!o<$lan& =uestions

Try eliminatin some ans!ers $ased on >ust one $lan&%



The 6or!ard 0ethod

Step ,: Co.er up ans!er choices%

Step : Read stem and determine stem type%

Step @: Supply your o!n !ords or phrases to complete the sentence%

Step : Compare your choice to the ans!ers and eliminate all that do not

match%

Step B: lu selected ans!er $ac& into sentence and select the $est /t%



Try This *ne

Inorin criticisms that the /lm !as e'cessi.ely <<<<<<< and $iased" the

director resisted eorts to cut particular scenes in order to produce a

less /erce" more <<<<<<< story%



Loo& #or Introductory and Transitional Words

and

in order to



Supply 9our *!n Words

9ou !ill see there is another class o# conte't clues in this item% The units

<<<<<<< and biasedF and less ferce, more -------F% mirror each other% The

/rst $lan& should match ferce the second $lan& should match biased%

Write your candidates here:

6irst $lan&: HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

Second $lan&: HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH



ans!ers and eliminate all thado not match%

8ere are the ans!er choices:

4A5 placid % % pre>udicial

475 tranquil % %neutral

4C5 $rutal % % un#air

4D5 .iolent % % e.en<handed

4E5 lon % % compact



The 7ac&!ard 0ethod

You can determine the stem type, but you can’t come up ith

ords to !ll the blan"s#

Step ,: (se positi.e or neati.e sins to determine !hat type o# !ord

you)ll need%

Step : Go to the ans!er choices and assin positi.e or neati.e sins to

each !ord%

Step @: Eliminate the choices that don)t /t" then select #rom the rest%

Step : lu your choice $ac& into the stem as a chec&%



Some ethical philosophers arue that !hen the term 2enocide3 isused too li$erally" the concept $ecomes <<<<<<<" losin its po!er tomo$ili+e international support #or those ethnicities !hose e'istence istruly endanered $y mass murder%

4A5 conser.ati.e

475 militaristic

4C5 domestic

4D5 scarce

4E5 diluted



E'planationWhich o# these is neati.e" in the sense o# 2lessenin?3

$, conservative isn)t a particularly neati.e !ord in this conte't% It)s pro$a

riht ans!er" so eliminate it%

Militaristic is pro$a$ly neati.e enouh #or our purposes% eep %%

Domestic is certainly not neati.e% It doesn)t seem .ery positi.e" eitherJa

neutral connotations can $e used as a third cateory in the $ac&!ard meth

need a clearly neati.e !ord to complete this item" so eliminate C#

& and E !or&% At this point" you).e eliminated t!o options" so you)re ahea

9ou ha.e a ,<in<@ shot at ettin a point and a <in<@ shot o# losin a quart

Those are ood odds o.er se.eral items" so

lu each choice into the sentence to see !hich 2sounds3 $etter" and choo



The 7ac&!ard 0ethod

You’'e determined the stem type and ha'e supplied ords to !ll tblan"s, but you don’t reco(ni)e any o* the 'ocabulary in the anschoices#

Step ,: Apply 2decipherin techniques3 to the .oca$ulary in the ans!er

choices%

Step : lu each o# the choices into the sentence" 2listenin3 #or !hich ch

sound $est%

Step @: lu your choice $ac& into the stem as a chec&%



The ne!ly reconi+ed amoral <<<<<<< o# the natural !orld" !hich !as traditioas reKectin an ultimately $ene.olent purpose" !as Dar!in)s most contro.intellectual leacy" eneratin stron reactions #rom those !ho !anted to Nature)s supposed rati/cation o# Christian eschatoloy%

4A5 stochasticity

475 male.olence

4C5 determinism

4D5 proressi.eness

4E5 continency



E'planation

Can you do anythin !ith $? (nli&ely" so don)t eliminate it%Loo& at %" malevolence% The pre/' mal< means 2$ad3 the root vol meansthe !ord" volition% So" malevolence should mean somethin li&e 2ill !ill%3 you need to $alance out benevolent purpose? erhaps perhaps not% 7ut ayou &no! !hat you)re dealin !ith in choice %% The $lan& is actually contrasted !ith purpose" !hich is modi/ed $y amorayou may not $e #amiliar !ith determinism as a philosophical concept" $ut&no! !hat determined means in the sense o# 2ordained%3 That)s actually

o# !hat you !ant" so cut C%Progressiveness may $e un#amiliar" $ut 2proress3 is certainly more #amil-ness re#ers to a 2state o# $ein"3 does a !ord that means 2a state o# $einproressi.e3 !or&? As in C" this doesn)t really match 2purposelessness"3 s&%Contingency may stump you" $ut ha.e you e.er heard a #orm o# this !ordconte't? It seems to mean that certain outcomes are not uaranteed $ut depend upon certain prior e.ents% Does this match 2purposelessness?3 It

&eep E%)



The 7ac&!ard 0ethod

You can’t determine the stem type or supply ords to !ll theblan"s#

Step ,: lu each o# the choices into the sentence" 2listenin3 #or!hich choices sound $etter%Step : Eliminate any that don)t /t choose #rom the remainin%Step @: lu your choice $ac& into the stem as a chec&%



Glo$ali+ation has not $een the unmitiated <<<<<<< #or lo$al po.erty that itsmore starry<eyed supporters promised in #act" many !ould arue thatlo$ali+ation has not >ust #ailed to <<<<<<< !ant" it has e.en sharpened its $it

A i iti d ti



Assin positi.e and neati.esins

Write a or a O sin in the $lan&

7lan& one HHHHHHHHHH 7lan& t!o HHHHHHHHHH

A i iti d N ti



Assin ositi.e and Neati.eSins to the Ans!ers

4A5 disaster % % increase

475 mediation % % alle.iate

4C5 $oon % % e'acer$ate

4D5 calamity % % reduce

4E5 panacea % % ameliorate



Test Directions

Each sentence $elo! has one or t!o $lan&s" each $lan& indicatin thatsomethin has $een omitted% 7eneath the sentence are /.e !ords orsets o# !ords la$eled A throuh E% Choose the !ord or set o# !ordsthat" !hen inserted in the sentence" $est /ts the meanin o# thesentence as a !hole%



Directions

Loo& #or &ey !ords in the sentences and circle them%

Read each question aain and" usin the &ey !ords you identi#y"!rite do!n at least one !ord that loically /ts into each o# the$lan&s%



=uestion

I# your arden plot is small" it !ill not pay to ro! crops thatrequire a lare amount o# HHHHHHHHHH in order to de.elop%



8int

ey !ords: 2I#3 and 2small3

2I#3 the arden is 2small"3 then the crops !ill notha.e a lot o# room in !hich to ro!% The ans!ermust $e a !ord that suests area%



=uestion !ith choices

I# your arden plot is small" it !ill not pay to ro! crops thatrequire a lare amount o# HHHHHHHHHH in order to de.elop%

4A5 Sun

475 Rain

4C5 6ertili+er

4D5 Space

4E5 care



E'planation

*nly the !ord 2space"3 choice 4D5" does this%



=uestion

At a recent press con#erence" the usually reser.ed $iochemist !asune'pectedly HHHHHHHHHH in addressin the ethical questions posed$y her !or&%



8int

We are told that the scientist is usually 2reser.ed"3 $ut that" atthe press con#erence" she $eha.ed 2une'pectedly%3

The !ord that ma&es sense to /ll in the $lan& must mean theopposite o# 4or at least $e .ery dierent #rom5 2reser.ed%3

7ecause reserved means restrained or uncommunicati.e" thecorrect ans!er must $e a !ord li&e rank or open or outspoken%



=uestion !ith choicesAt a recent press con#erence" the usually reser.ed $iochemist !as une'pe

HHHHHHHHHH in addressin the ethical questions posed $y her !or&%

4A5 Correct

475 6orthriht

4C5 Inarticulate

4D5 Retenti.e4E5 Cautious



E'planation

*nly 475" orthright " is a !ord !ith this &ind o# meanin%

Read the entire sentence !ith 2#orthriht3 /lled in to see that it ma&essense%



=uestion

Despite her HHHHHHHHHH nature" De0ott !as capa$le o# tact#ulneotiation and e.en !on praise #or her patient eorts to!ard HHHHHHHHHH !hen a local squa$$le de.eloped%



8int

Sometimes it is help#ul to loo& at the second $lan& /rst%

2Despite3 means that the !ord descri$in 2nature3 !ill $e opposite toor unli&e 2tact#ul neotiation"3 $ecause Demott)s nature !ould leadus to $elie.e that she !as not capa$le o# such tact%




Despite her HHHHHHHHHH nature" De0ott !as capa$le o# tact#ul neotiationand e.en !on praise #or her patient eorts to!ard HHHHHHHHHH !hen alocal squa$$le de.eloped%

4A5 diplomatic % % amity

475 conenial % % concord

4C5 altruistic % % dissension4D5 re$ellious % % insurrection

4E5 tempestuous % % reconciliation



E'planation

2atient eorts to!ard3 dissension or insurrection ma&es no sense" so!e can eliminate choices 4C5 and 4D5%

2Diplomatic3 and 2conenial3 !ould lead us to e'pect tact" so !e caneliminate choices 4A5 and 475%



=uestion

0any #amous scienti/c in.entions ha.e $een HHHHHHHHHH" the $y<products oresearch !hose oals !ere quite unrelated%



8int

Sayin that the in.entions !ere 2$y<products o# research !hose oals!ere quite unrelated3 means that the in.entions !ere luc&y $rea&s orune'pected%

9ou must loo& at the second part o# the sentence and see ho! it aectsthe meanin o# the /rst part%




0any #amous scienti/c in.entions ha.e $een HHHHHHHHHH" the $y<products oresearch !hose oals !ere quite unrelated%

4A5 6ortuitous

475 Nelected

4C5 Inopera$le

4D5 Lucrati.e4E5 un#easi$le



E'planation

I# you loo&ed at >ust the /rst part o# the sentence" 20any #amous scienti/cin.entions ha.e $een HHHHHHHHHHH"3 any o# the ans!er choices !ould /t% Tryeach o# the choices in the /rst part o# the sentence%

*nly the ans!er choice ortuitous means 2luc&y3 or 2une'pected%3



=uestion

The e'citement does not HHHHHHHHHH $ut HHHHHHHHHH his senses" i.inhim a &eener perception o# a thousand details%



8int

27ut3 means that the ans!er !ill in.ol.e t!o !ords that aresomeho! opposed in meanin%




The e'citement does not HHHHHHHHHH $ut HHHHHHHHHH his senses" i.in him a&eener perception o# a thousand details%

4A5 slo! % % di.erts

475 $lur % % sharpens

4C5 o.errule % % constricts

4D5 heihten % % ara.ates

4E5 #ore!arn % % quic&ens



E'planation

All o# the choices e'cept 475" 2$lur % % sharpens"3 can $e eliminated%*nly the !ords in choice 475 are opposed in meanin%

Also" 2sharpens his senses3 /ts !ith the phrase 2i.in him a &eenerperception o# a thousand details%3

28eihten3 and 2quic&ens3 are !ords that are o#ten #ound !ith the!ords 2senses"3 and there#ore miht tempt the careless test<ta&er%

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Sentence Completion Skills.pptx

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