Separation Process Technology

S. BasuDepartment of Chemical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Clean air

Recycle contaminant

Effluent air By-products

Products

Recycle contaminant

Impurity

Clean water

Effluent water

separation separationReactor

separation

separation

Separation Processes in Manufacturing

Raw materials recycle

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Crude Refining

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Ethylene to Ethanol

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Distillation

Solvent extractionAdsorption

Sedimentation

Membrane separation

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Separation of Propylene and Propane

Structured Packing Column

Structured Material

Typical Plate Column Internal

Plate design

Tray with valve cap

perforationValve cap

Bubble cap

Random Packing Material

Liquid-liquid Extraction

Ib/h

Typical liq-liq extraction process

Extractor

Settler

Fluid-Fluid Contacting Column

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Membrane Separation

PolyimidepolystyrenePolysulfonePTFEpolycarbonate

Membrane shapes

Membrane module

Ion-exchange resins

Adsorption Ion-exchange

adsorbate

Activated carbonActivated aluminaSilica gelMolecular sieve zeolite

-SO3-H+

-NH3+OH-

Water demineralization

Gas bulk separation – O2 / N2 Gas purification – removal of org. from vent streamLiquid purification – decolourisation of waterLiquid bulk separation – n-paraffins, iso-paraffins

Crystalline inorganic polymers of aluminosilicatesZSM 4A - Na12[(AlO2)12 (SiO2)12] - 3.8 Å - H2O, CO2 removal, air separation

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)Temp swing adsorption (TSA)

Soldac Process

Adsorption – fluidized bedDesorption – moving bed

ThickenerSolid Removal

Drying

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Tech. Maturity andFuture Scope