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Serge RutmanDirector Display & DTV R&DHome Products Group, Intel
The DTV opportunity The DTV opportunity (ARTICULATED 3.5 YEARS AGO)(ARTICULATED 3.5 YEARS AGO)
Introduce new (PC) differentiators to the TV market:
- intelligence level (MIPS) - local filtering (only present what the user wants) - personalization (learn the user’s habits) - quantity of digital storage - I/O devices (physical & virtual) - object detail capability (3D etc.)
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Black & White
Colour
reprogrammable general purpose intelligence in (PC) receivers
digital transmission, imbedded MIPS
analogue colour transmission s scheme
stereo audio
video over the air
High Def.(READABLE!)
Ultim
ate d
igita
l
info
rmat
ion
prese
ntatio
n dev
ice
smar
t TV
ATSC standard
- interactive content- 500x data delivery- broadcast SW dist.
Ongoing efforts:- Intercast (data over NTSC VBI)- DVB broadcast- hybrid app technology- SW MPEG
?
FE
AT
UR
ES
A discontinuity created by the imminent analogue to digital transition in the TV market offers a chance to open a vast new market to Intel microprocessors.
DTV research Program DTV research Program mission:mission:
(2 year old foil)(2 year old foil)
Intel inside(TM), DTV receiver-equipped PC
As DIGITAL TV market develops the DTV paradigm is redefined from
a passive audio+video delivery mechanism to a new medium for
non-linear, interactive programming “experienced BEST” on
DTV Technical BackgroundDTV Technical Background(US, ATSC, terrestrial)(US, ATSC, terrestrial)
– Geographic coverage same as NTSC– Video/audio quality substantially improved via use of
DIGITAL Codecs: MPEG2 video, AC3 audio – Digital, packetized broadcast transmission allows
delivery of ANY kind of bits @ 19Mb/sec– Several image formats aspect ratios & refresh rates– Initially broadcasters get an additional 6Mhz channel for
simulcast (concurrent analogue and digital service– later the analogue service ends, freeing up RF spectrum
What’s changingWhat’s changing
Analogue -> Digital– fidelity improved– efficiency improved (more channels in same spectrum)– bits are bits - more choices in content
Receiver Capabilities RAPIDLY increasing– intelligence - once you have enough computer to decoded
MPEG2 & AC3 you have a decent computer. Not much more cost to make it reprogrammable
– rendering (eg. 3D)– storage (use disk as a content “cache”). – interesting I/O (eg. joystick, camera, stereo displays...)– multiple concurrent sources of content (eg. TV & Net & DVD)
New media (Internet) encroaching on broadcasting
What’s staying the sameWhat’s staying the same
Fundamental strength of the broadcast medium remains efficient concurrent delivery from “1 to millions”
Mostly a “Couch Potato Medium” - passive, viewed by several people in living room, has to be easy to use & bulletproof.
Not much NEW money in the broadcast industry to pay for aggressive deployment new equipment (head end and receiver)
Today’s business models are advertising based Many competing service providers NOT interested in
making access to competitors service easy
More More choiceschoices at the at the SMARTSMART receiver then receiver then size of display & volume.size of display & volume.
Multiple, mixed sources of for data: Multiple, mixed sources of for data: HYBRID applications. HYBRID applications.
EDIT:select1of N
A
A
A
EDIT:combine
N
A
B
C
X1
Y1
B
Y 1+Y2
A C+X1+X2CPU(reprog)
BROADCAST
Y2
today
tomorrow
local storage
NTSCdecode
hybridapps
X2
?WEB
A
B
C
Some metricsSome metrics
degree of Video On Demand-ness– receiver autonomously caches most likely to be requested
content
– carouselling ability to channel surf fast a.k.a. stream acquisition latency cool picture/bit level of Viewer choice ease of navigation - next generation EPGs degree of choice at head-end vs. receiver (provider vs. user
interests)
How to validate the vision - How to validate the vision - Santa Clara DTV Capability Santa Clara DTV Capability
(circa ‘97-98)(circa ‘97-98)
PC
variousdisplay
DTV add-in
antenna
RNB
PC server
8VSB mod.
upconvert
VideoAudioData M
UX
Win’95 driversAFD MPEG SW
AC3 audiovarious data viewers
FCC DTV
license
Center for Datacasting Innovation configuration on Center for Datacasting Innovation configuration on 10/25/9910/25/99
Intel Experimental
DTVTransmitter
SkyStreamDBN-25
Tiernan HD video Encoder
SencoreData fileServer
PhilipsTokenMUX
Dolby AC3
Encoder
Philips SD video
Encoder
Non-Real TimeFTP, Tape, HD,CD-ROM...
Intel SC12 Facility
8 VSB RF link
Fib
er li
nk
DVS HD Storage
Philips HDCamera
Panasonic D5 Tape Deck
Intel SW Tools& MUX
KICU DTVTransmitter
Intel RNB Facility
MUX
Video
Audio
Mic
ro W
ave
link
KICU Studio Facility
KICU Transmission
Facility
3rd Party Content
Vid
eo &
aud
io
Real TimeSatellite Link
Server
T1
Intel SW Tools
Data fileServerAuditorium
where you are now
1st floor demo area
C.D.I. SC12 lab
KICUCh 36 - Analog
Ch 52- DTV
C.D.I. KICU lab
Equipment can belocated here, as
appropriate
KICU DTV coverageKICU DTV coverage
ContentContentCreationCreation
TransmissionTransmissionFacilityFacility
TransportTransport
ClientClientHardware/Hardware/SoftwareSoftware
ClientClientFrameworkFramework
A hard constraint - Author Once A hard constraint - Author Once for Multiple Transports and for Multiple Transports and
PlatformsPlatforms
Many of TheseMany of These
Goal:Goal:Do This OnceDo This Once
Some details on Data Some details on Data BroadcastingBroadcasting
The DTV pipe was designed for the “old TV app”, so… The DTV standard contained sufficient detail for delivering
digital, compressed Video + Audio… and a note was made that “other ancillary data” was
feasible Not a great state of affairs for a “computer guy” with all
sorts of ideas for alternative uses for the medium For that reason the S13 ATSC technology group was
formed And the standard will have a robust way to deliver ALL
kinds of data to ALL kinds of receivers
what does DTV “data pipe” look what does DTV “data pipe” look like?like?
19Mb/sec raw, per channel. MANY channels. multiple image encoding formats 3 profiles of usage:
guaranteed auxiliary broadcast (dedicate some BW to a stream of digital data), analogous to current VBI use 1k-5Mbit opportunistic (use the “spare bits” during low motion periods, stills, subtitles etc. to deliver data at variable bit rate).
Could carry both program-related and unrelated data full BW (utilize a whole channel for very high-speed, bulk data delivery)
6:00am 12:00pm 6:00pm 12:00am
% v
iew
ers
awak
e
BW
19Mb/s
What changes when TV broadcast What changes when TV broadcast goes digital?goes digital?
Bits are Bits, not video bits.Bits are Bits, not video bits.
Meaning and encoding of information are decoupled The new medium enables broadcast delivery of ALL TYPES of
digital information, beyond pictures and sound EVERY receiver contains a computer
– RAM and MIPS at least for decoding of MPEG2 & AC3
– opinions on what kind of computer vary widely :-)
– users get more choices comparable to transition of audio distribution from LP to CD,
which created a new, interactive medium - the CD ROM
data broadcast applications data broadcast applications taxonomytaxonomy
The range spans orders of magnitude along the axes of Bandwidth & number of users.
Other significant characteristics include: – reliability of delivery (executable file with 1 bit missing is
worthless (or worse!) while a missing pixel does not substantially impact image quality
– size and duration of the “atomic object” (pager message vs. encyclopedia)
– latency (emergency message vs. scheduled morning news)
– real-time vs. time-shifted use (page vs. science lesson)
some application some application examples:examples:
watch-pagers (connected anywhere for critical messages) stock tickers (personalized, valuable real-time data) “your world news” (personalized news) “virtual school house” (personalized, interactive education &
information access)* SW distribution (fresh bits with out disks, shrink-wrap,
trucks, or shelf-space) “I want to see this ad” (greatly improve targeting adds to
willing potential consumers)
* this is a personal favourite of mine - objectively good for ALL, and a great fit for the PC/ATV combination. Anyone that wants to help build it please see me!
BW vs. number of users BW vs. number of users (approx. log/log)(approx. log/log)
BW
10M
“your world” news
stock tickers
watch-pagers
SW download
“virtualschool house”
10 USERS
19MB/s
10Kb/s
“ad”
size of object vs. latency size of object vs. latency (approx. log/log)(approx. log/log)
size
week
“your world” news
stock tickers
“ad”watch-pagers
SW download
“virtualschool house”
minute required max latency
10GB
100bytes
What changed since last What changed since last cs448 (Fall ‘98)cs448 (Fall ‘98)
Close to 100 station on air with digital services 100-200k DTV receivers deployed PC DTV receiver add-ins available from multiple vendors offered
at $200-300 from multiple vendors ATVEF developed as a voluntary authoring spec for web-
enhanced DTV content ATSC’s data broadcasting standard in ratification Industry acknowledges that NEW $$ likely to come from data
broadcasting & enhanced content combination of new & old biz models - AOL merges with Time
Warner data broadcasting and interactive TV startups sprouting like
mushrooms