Sericulture is the cultivation of silk through rearing of silkworm.
It is an agro based industry.
It involves the raising of food plants for silkworm, rearing of silkworm for production of cocoons, reeling and spinning of cocoon for production of yarn etc.
For value added benefits such as processing and weaving.
a. Mulberry silkworm
b. Tasar silkworm
c. Muga silkworm
d. Eri silkworm
e. Oak silkworm
f. Giant silkworm
This was taken as drowry by married princess during olgage in Tibet.
Slowly it passed on to China and finally to India.
Now India plays a major part in sericulture leading 2nd
position for silk
1. TASAR – Old and Traditional silk ; Rural areas
2. ERI - Eastern parts of India
3. MULBERRY - Non traditional silk
4. MUGA – Golden yellow silk
•High employment potential
•Provides vibrancy to village economies
•Low gestation and high returns
•Women friendly occupation
•Ideal program for weaker sections of society
•Eco-friendly activity
Mainly in textile industry for manufacturing garments
Bags, telephone cable insulations, dyeing & screen printing
•Pebrene – caused by protozoan; larvae become pale yellow, size reduces & no yield
•Grasserie – skin of larvae rough & saliva becomes thick
•Flacherie – indigestion occurs & worm becomes thin, inactive & regenerates
•Muscardine –due to fungi; mortality occurs due to heavy rain & unhygienic
Leads 2nd position in world
Exporting 1/7th of silk products to foreign countries
Govt. of India constituted ‘Central Silk Board’ to protect interest of silk industry
Research institutes
i. Central sericulture research institute, West Bengal
ii. Sericulture research institute, Mysore
In vitro culture of embryo
Tissue culture media- Grace’s medium
Cell line production
Nutrition production